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1.
伦理学渗透在医药学科研究的全过程,因研究对象的特殊性,期刊编辑需要在初审、修稿阶段对医药学术论文进行伦理审查,最大限度减少因伦理问题处理不当造成论文刊发后撤稿情况的发生。本文从稿约中明确要求作者说明和建议作者/研究者充分注意的伦理要求2方面,总结对医药学术论文的伦理审查要点,并提供案例分享经验,为医药学术期刊编辑伦理审查提供参考。 相似文献
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While the study of the ethical use of new technologies in journalistic work is imperative given the widespread use of such technology, such studies are few and far between, particularly for the developing world. This paper provides results of an exploratory, qualitative study of Indian journalists’ views about the ethical use of new computer and Internet-based technologies for news gathering and reporting in India. New digital technology was widely accessible to the respondents, but not all journalists were given the tools by their employers. Opinions about ethical news practices using new technology were mixed and revealed a few grey areas. English language national newspapers tended to indicate that their standards were strict and that ethical violations, exacerbated by new technology, occurred mostly in vernacular newspapers. On the whole, respondents had not heard often of other organizations or individuals committing unethical practices such as plagiarism and lack of attribution using new technology. Still, some beliefs indicated uncertainty about ethical practice or breach of ethical principles. The findings of this study have implications for journalism education and on-the-job training of Indian journalists, as well as for formulating ethical codes of journalism, particularly with regard to new media. Indian codes focus more on the roles journalists should play in society and do not provide very specific tactical guidance for everyday news gathering. Coupled with lack of training, this creates a situation where perceptions about journalistic ethics are sometimes vague and variant. 相似文献
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网络环境下档案信息一系列信息伦理问题的产生,主要缘于虚拟网络环境易导致档案信息行为失范、档案部门应对网络环境准备不足、网络与计算机系统存在安全隐患、网络信息立法不健全。解决当前网络环境下档案信息伦理问题,应结合产生问题的原因采取相应的对策,具体包括加强信息伦理教育、增强档案信息伦理意识,完善伦理决策机制、规范档案信息伦理行为,加强信息立法、正确引导档案信息合法行为,加强网络监控技术攻关、预防不道德档案信息行为发生。 相似文献
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数字图书馆是赛伯文化的一个非常重要的实践和研究领域，与网络环境类似也出现了许多失范的信息行为。为了有效地防止这些失范信息行为的发生，使数字图书馆能够更健康、更稳定地发展，我们必须积极采取对策解决数字图书馆的信息伦理问题。 相似文献
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As educators and members of the academic community, reference librarians should take a proactive stance toward instructing students about the ethics of information use. The authors summarize the best practices found in the existing library literature, consider the context of ethical information use from a global perspective, and make an argument for the role of librarians. Our goal is to provide a guide for librarians attempting to successfully integrate ethical issues, such as intellectual property and academic integrity, into their reference instruction. 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 以社交媒体用户为研究对象,调查他们对于自身的社交媒体数据被采集用于研究的接受意向,并探索熟悉度、信任、利他主义对接受意向的影响,剖析知情同意程序的必要性,同时提醒学者进行伦理反思,为建立社交媒体数据研究伦理规范和与用户开展伦理风险沟通提供参考。[方法/过程] 建立用户从知情到同意的心理机制模型,采用问卷调查法收集来自新浪微博用户的数据,共获得320份有效问卷,并对模型进行验证。[结果/结论] 验证出两条有效的心理路径：熟悉-利他主义-接受意向和熟悉-信任-利他主义-接受意向。发现熟悉度和利他主义是影响用户接受意向的重要因素。在社交媒体数据研究中,用户有较强的伦理需求,知情同意程序很有必要。研究者还可以主动表达尊重及认可,以提升用户的利他主义,提升用户的接受意向,规避研究过程中的伦理争议。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]社交媒体数据已经成为目前学术研究中重要的数据来源。但学者在采集、利用社交媒体数据过程中往往忽略其中存在的伦理风险。本研究从伦理视角剖析社交媒体数据类研究,提醒研究者们更好地理解此类研究面临的研究方法和伦理方面的挑战。[方法/过程]本文以新浪微博为研究对象,从四个角度对微博数据研究进行伦理反思,研究者缺乏伦理意识;公私数据界定不清;知情同意机制缺失;数据使用规范性有待加强。[结果/结论]伦理规范即通过有效的规制,保证研究的所有环节都处于伦理的规范空间内,微博蕴含丰富的个人数据,并且微博数据研究的发展演化也对伦理规范有强大需求。本研究认为,应建立数据教育体系,提升"数据伦理"意识;研究者不能假设用户同意;探索科学的知情同意机制;鼓励跨领域合作,平衡创新与风险。 相似文献
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采用光沉积-液相化学法调节电子流向,构建了直接Z型TiO2/Ag/Ag3PO(4 )(TAAPO)光催化材料.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪以及光致发光(PL)光谱仪等手段对其进行表征,并对其在可见光照射下催化降解环丙沙星(CIP)的性能进行了研究.结果表明,当水体pH为3.0,催化剂分散浓度为0.3 g/L,CIP的初始浓度为15 mg/L时,光催化降解体系能够取得最佳的去除效果.在该组条件下,光照120 min CIP的降解率约为99%,并且在经历4个循环后仍然保持了良好的降解效果.在光催化降解CIP的过程中,主要反应活性物种为超氧自由基(·O2 相似文献
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医学期刊应重视对来稿的道德要求 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
比较国内外医学期刊对作者科研及投稿过程中有关道德方面的要求。发现国外医学期刊在稿约中对作者应遵守的道德法规规定得很详细，而国内期刊则较为简单，缺少很多必要的内容，与国外医学期刊存在相当大的差距。认为我国医学期刊应当重视科研及编辑出版中的道德问题。 相似文献
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医学期刊编辑与伦理道德应对 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
医学作为一门直接面对人类的学科,不可避免地会遇到各类伦理道德问题。如何妥善处理来自医学论文和编辑工作中的伦理道德问题,是医学编辑人员面临的重大挑战。文章结合编辑实际工作,探讨国际上关注的若干编辑出版中的伦理道德问题。 相似文献
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Tom Morton 《Journalism Practice》2016,10(1):18-34
The public interest is commonly presumed to be fundamental to the practice of journalism. Journalists and the media organizations for which they work routinely assume that they are able to identify what is in the public interest, and act accordingly. This article explores notions of the public interest in the context of a particular case study, that of Sharleen Spiteri, an HIV-positive sex worker who appeared on the Australian national current affairs television programme 60 Minutes in 1989 and admitted that she sometimes had unprotected sex with clients. As a consequence of the ensuing wave of moral panic, she was forcibly detained in a locked AIDS ward and a mental asylum. After she was released she was kept under 24-hour surveillance for the remaining 15 years of her life. In 2010, the authors of this article produced a radio documentary for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation about Sharleen Spiteri's case. The authors argue that her story raises some important and difficult questions for the ethical practice of journalism. They analyse the role of journalists and politicians involved in Sharleen's case, and show that their belief that they were acting in the public interest played into well-established historical narratives linking sex workers with disease and dissolution, with disastrous consequences for Sharleen herself. The authors argue that a more reflexive and responsible conception of the public interest for journalists requires them to pay more careful attention to the voices and perspectives of people who are excluded from participation in the public sphere. 相似文献
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Meenakshi Gigi Durham 《Critical Studies in Media Communication》2018,35(3):240-258
The Turkish photojournalist Nilüfer Demir’s photograph of the drowned refugee child Alan Kurdi attained worldwide recognition as a media spectacle, initially prompting humanitarian responses and political action, but later morphing into online memes and inciting public backlash as “war porn.” The author argues here that the ethical motivations of photojournalism and memes are oppositional with regard to their representations of embodied vulnerability. While photojournalistic depictions of vulnerable bodies are motivated by an ethics of care intended to generate empathy and progressive social change, memes disrupt those affective connotations through processes of mimicry and replication. By means of a comparative semiological analysis, this paper examines the way the sign system of Demir’s photograph was mutated into memes, radically changing the ethical connotations of the former. The differing ethical affordances of news photos versus memes, and their relationship, explain the reversal of the cosmopolitan humanitarianism initially sparked by the Alan Kurdi photograph and tell us more about the ethical frictions and contrapositions at work in the contemporary media environment. 相似文献
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《Legal Reference Services Quarterly》2013,32(2-3):75-84
Abstract The author contends, based on articles published in recent years discounting the legal obligation of law librarians to pro se patrons, that law librarians have a paramount ethical obligation not to cause harm, and thus to avoid the practice of law from the reference desk. As a result, the attorney patron and the pro se patron cannot be afforded the same level of legal reference service. The attorney is the conversant intermediary between the legal materials (and the librarian) and the client, whereas the pro se patron is the client with a layman's dearth of basic legal knowledge. 相似文献
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编辑道德能力形成与培养的理论探析 总被引：20，自引：5，他引：15
编辑道德是向编辑提出所应遵循的行为准则 ,是由编辑主观道德标准和编辑客观道德标准构成的。研究了编辑道德能力———评价能力、选择能力、调节能力、追求能力和教育能力 ,并结合编辑工作实践 ,从理论上对编辑道德能力的形成与培养提出了个人思考。 相似文献
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Although the internet has become increasingly pervasive in our daily lives and interactions and has impacted existing social norms and ethics, very few studies have examined the relationship between the internet and ethics. In the face of increasing numbers of internet-related ethical violations, this lack of research constitutes a policy vacuum. This study investigates ethical controversies in cyberspace by examining actual events that occurred in South Korea, such as the “dog poop girl” incident, the suicide of a famous actress, a candlelight vigil against U.S. beef imports, and the arrest of a blogger named “Minerva.” The study proposes a preliminary framework for evaluating ethical issues occurring on and via the internet, focusing on the agent's moral and legal responsibility and on internet regulation. 相似文献
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微博存在的问题及其规制策略研究——基于信息伦理学视角的分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章阐述微博活动引起的伦理道德问题,从信息伦理的四维框架剖析微博伦理问题产生的原因,并提出对策建议,为相关部门和研究人员提供参考。 相似文献
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《Communication monographs》2012,79(2):234-260
This paper presents a qualitative study that investigated the role of case presentations in the socialization of medical and optometry students. Using the debate from classical rhetoric around the term techne (art or science), we observed that genre theory helps explain the way case presentations mediate the development of professional identity through the interaction of certain knowledge (techne 1), “savvy” knowledge (techne 2), and ethical reflection (phronesis). We noted that these mediated scenes of learning are necessary but problematic because they can lead students to yearn for certainty and to exclude outsiders (other healthcare providers, patients). Finally, our research challenges the binary opposition that exists between art and science especially for professions that bring their disciplinary knowledge into practice. 相似文献
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P. Havard-Williams 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(2):227-233
The evolution of the legal framework of digital information in India and the associated ethical framework are traced with specific reference to land records and land use information: case law, archiving, privacy and freedom of information, considerations of competitive situations, etc. The case of legal information of NICNET (National Informatics Center NET) and the ethical aspects of government digital information are described in order to clarify what could be the desirable guidelines for the future development of ethical and legal aspects of informatics in India. Issues linked to the co-development of the Internet and Intranet for scientific, educational and cultural information management are also presented. 相似文献
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评述国内外编辑团体出版的各项道德规范,从重复发表、一稿多投、剽窃、未公开的利益冲突、作者署名、数据造假、研究伦理7个方面,比较国际出版道德委员会(COPE)、国际医学期刊编辑委员会(ICMJE)、欧洲科学编辑学会(EASE)制定的道德规范的异同.分析表明:3家机构制定的学术道德规范形式不同,内容各有侧重,但影响力还有提升空间;中国制订科技期刊编辑出版道德规范时应借鉴国内外的成功经验,甄别出期刊编辑关心的核心问题,采用适合的内容和形式,制订符合中国学术出版生态的编辑实践指南;在指南出台后,应积极进行推广培训,切实应用于学术出版中. 相似文献