共查询到8条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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《Journal of Government Information》1996,23(3):253-263
The provision of legal search and retrieval services by the Department of Justice or other components of the federal government is unwise, unnecessary, and dangerous. It would pose a threat to a free and open society by inviting political controls over judicial opinions and over users of a research service. The federal government is an unreliable supplier of information services because dissemination policies are influenced routinely by political and bureaucratic considerations. Users of a government-sponsored service would face the possibility that government workers would spy on their research activities. The government in its role as publisher would be required to make editorial judgments about the contents of a legal research system, and those judgments would be influenced by political and bureaucratic interests. Inherent in a government-operated legal research system is the potential for increased surveillance of users and for political control over the availability of the law. 相似文献
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Job B. Laine 《Communication Studies》2013,64(2):96-99
Some aspects of the format for the political joint debates held under the South Dakota Primary Law of 1920.1 相似文献
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Abstract This study demonstrates how changes in intellectual property law have effects on the value‐creation process of information commodity and related strategies. To explain these effects, three unique economic characteristics of databases as information are focused on: public good, information good, and aggregate good. And, different strategies such as versioning, technical strategies, and limiting the number of consumers and data mingling have been suggested for each characteristic. To examine the value‐création process of databases, a three‐step process has shown: data gathering, selection/arrangement, and presentation. In the legal process, two main rationales, ‘sweat of the brow doctrine’ and ‘originality doctrine’ have suggested protecting database compilations. The ‘sweat of the brow doctrine’ stresses the effort and investment of the compiler. On the contrary, the ‘originality doctrine’ emphasizes the judgment and creativity in the selection and arrangement of the materials comprising the compilation. 相似文献
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Armando Calabrese Guendalina Capece Roberta Costa Francesca Di Pillo Stefania Giuffrida 《Journal of Informetrics》2018,12(4):1263-1281
The knowledge production provided by universities is essential to sustaining a country’s long-term economic growth and international competitiveness. Many nations are thus driving to create sustainable and effective funding environments. The evaluation of university knowledge, productivity and research quality becomes critical, with ever increasing share of public funding allocated on the basis of research assessment exercises. Nevertheless, the existing methods to assess the universities’ knowledge production are often affected by limits and biases, extensively discussed in the scientific literature.In this paper we study how to reduce the effect of size-related bias due to university size on the indicators of knowledge performance used in evaluation exercises. We propose an innovative utilization of the scale-free property of the power laws as a scaling relationship, to normalize research productivity indicators, and provide results independent by the university size. Our method has evident policy implications and gives a contribution for the future design of assessment exercises.We apply our findings in a recent Italian research assessment exercise. 相似文献
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This essay explores the early history of the “separate but equal”; doctrine in nineteenth century legal and political argumentation. By employing ironic and tragic frames, the authors challenge the traditional, linear approaches to legal historirizing. Moving beyond legal texts, the authors investigate how various communities in antebellum Boston negotiated conflicting views about how to best advance the cause of civil rights, both inside and outside the courtroom. These early debates created a complex rhetorical culture, and they provided jurists with several possible interpretations of the terms “separate”; and “equal.”; The authors conclude that these early debates, and Lemuel Shaw's subsequent decision in Sarah C. Roberts v. The City of Boston (1849), provide readers with insightful illustrations of the irony and tragedy of the law. 相似文献