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1.
The Terra Populus project (TerraPop) addresses a variety of data management, curation, and preservation challenges with respect to spatiotemporal population and environmental data. In this article, we describe our approaches to these challenges, with a particular focus on geospatial data workflows and associated provenance metadata. The goal of TerraPop is to enable research, learning, and policy analysis by providing integrated spatiotemporal data describing people and their environment. To do so, TerraPop is assembling a globe-spanning and temporally extensive collection of high-quality population and environmental data, ensuring good documentation, and developing a Web-based data access system that enables users to assemble customized integrated data sets drawing on a variety of data sources and formats. We describe TerraPop's collection strategies, detail the geospatial workflows involved in preparing data for ingest into the project database and those used to transform data across formats for dissemination, and discuss the system used to capture and manage provenance metadata throughout the project. A key aspect of the project is the development of global current and historical administrative unit boundaries that can be linked to census data. These boundaries serve as the linchpin of TerraPop's data integration strategy, and constitute an important data set in their own right.  相似文献   

2.
Geospatial data play an increasingly important role in natural resources management, conservation, and science-based projects. The management and effective use of spatial data becomes significantly more complex when the efforts involve a myriad of landscape-scale projects combined with a multiorganizational collaboration. There is sparse literature to guide users on this daunting subject; therefore, we present a framework of considerations for working with geospatial data that will provide direction to data stewards, scientists, collaborators, and managers for developing geospatial management plans. The concepts we present apply to a variety of geospatial programs or projects, which we describe as a “scalable framework” of processes for integrating geospatial efforts with management, science, and conservation initiatives. Our framework includes five tenets of geospatial data management: (1) the importance of investing in data management and standardization, (2) the scalability of content/efforts addressed in geospatial management plans, (3) the lifecycle of a geospatial effort, (4) a framework for the integration of geographic information systems (GIS) in a landscape-scale conservation or management program, and (5) the major geospatial considerations prior to data acquisition. We conclude with a discussion of future considerations and challenges.  相似文献   

3.
As a growing number of disciplines adopt geospatial technologies in their research, the need for access to geospatial data, in a variety of formats, has grown dramatically. For librarians to meet this demand, we also need to provide preservation, curation, metadata, and discovery services. GeoHydra, our open source toolkit and set of practices, provides these services for Stanford's libraries. We incorporate a variety of geospatial content types from raster imagery to scientific vector data to georeferenced scanned maps, and provide a data model for repositories. We demonstrate the potential of a new architecture and practice for librarianship for geospatial data using the Hydra framework. The digitization and georeferencing of historic map collections, streamlining the acquisition and cataloging of vendor-supplied data, shared cataloging of geographic resources, and citation of geospatial research data are all examples of use cases that GeoHydra serves. Our metadata creation and management strategies implement the ISO (International Standards Organization) suite of geographic standards, and a specialized metadata schema for discovery. We developed XSLT transformations, auto-generation of core elements, unique URIs for place names, and cross-institutional data sharing. With these metadata we built a novel geoportal, EarthWorks, to provide end-user discovery for geospatial data layers using GeoBlacklight technology.  相似文献   

4.
Geospatial data stewardship fosters user-driven collection, management, access, reuse, and preservation of location-based data. Academic and research libraries are poised to be at the center of geospatial data stewardship, working with partners to develop a sustainable, geospatial data stewardship hub. This article argues for the essential role of libraries in leading collaborative partnerships to develop a user-driven, spatial data infrastructure that includes people, policies, standards, community perspectives, and operational workflows. The emerging model of partnership-based spatial data infrastructure described at the Washington University Libraries demonstrates working methods in practice.  相似文献   

5.
[目的/意义]数据驱动的科学研究第四范式凸显了科学数据监管(data curation)的重要性。科学数据监管是一项技术与管理相结合的持续改善过程,亟需系统的知识体系来规划、指导具体的管理工作。[方法/过程]在分析科学数据及其监管要素的基础上,对国际数据管理协会划分的数据管理体系进行归类和精简,从管理的视角提出包括4个核心职能、4个辅助职能和1个综合管理职能的科学数据监管体系的概念模型,并详细解析每个管理职能模块的功能结构以及输入、输出和主要管理活动。[结果/结论]与其他监管体系相比较,本文所提出的数据监管体系针对性较强,重点突出并充分体现技术与管理相结合的特点,结构化的描述方法使科学数据监管的思想方法和工作步骤更加条理化、系统化、图像化和科学化。这一监管体系构架可为我国科研机构、图书馆及企业有效进行数据监管提供参考。  相似文献   

6.
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7.
Programs for geospatial support at academic libraries have evolved over the past decade in response to changing campus needs and developing technologies. Geospatial applications have matured tremendously in this time, emerging from specialty tools to become broadly used across numerous disciplines. At many universities, the library has served as a central resource allowing students and faculty across academic departments access to GIS resources. Today, as many academic libraries evaluate their spaces and services, GIS and data services are central in discussions on how to further engage with patrons and meet increasingly diverse researcher needs. As library programs evolve to support increasingly technical data and GIS needs, many universities are faced with similar challenges and opportunities. To explore these themes, data and GIS services librarians and GIS specialists from five universities—the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Texas A&M, New York University, North Carolina State University, and California Polytechnic State University—with different models of library geospatial and data support, describe their programs to help identify common services, as well as unique challenges, opportunities, and future plans.  相似文献   

8.
针对陆地表层地理空间数据的集成共享问题,提出从数据分类、数据编码到数据格网化编码的解决方案。 从我国国情出发,以中国国家地理格网为基础,分析其空间数据的组织与编码体系,并针对国家科技基础条件平台— 地球系统科学数据共享平台中的陆地表层数据,提出结合数据分类的数据属性编码,进而建立能够与国家地理格网相 衔接的地理空间数据格网化编码应用方案。以地理空间数据的点、面实体数据为例,证实了该编码的应用可行性。预 期该编码方案能够在科学数据资源管理、数据检索访问、数据资源集成、数据资源格网化处理、数据资源空间分析、  相似文献   

9.
对美国和英国的4个高校数据监管项目进行调研和比较分析,发现数据监管需要大学的数据管理政策和计划的支持,数据监管与图书馆机构库密不可分,数据监管项目需要与科研人员密切合作,需要平台的支持.因此,图书馆应积极参与数据监管,制定合理的数据监管计划,将机构库与数据监管结合起来建设,建立数据标准和规范,搭建数据监管平台,提升馆员的数据监管技能.  相似文献   

10.
首先探讨大数据科学（Big Data Science）给现代和未来科研数据基础设施（SDI）带来的挑战,并参考不 同科研团体的工作对数据管理、访问控制和安全要求进行定义,然后介绍科研数据生命周期管理（SDLM）模型,分析 所有的主要阶段,反映现代e-Science的数据管理特性,提出SDI 通用架构模型,为利用现代技术和最佳实践构建以互 用性数据或项目为中心的SDI 奠定了基础,最后对如何利用基于云的现代基础设施服务配置模型顺利实现文中提出的 SDLM和SDI 模型进行阐述,解决SDI 资源的联合访问控制问题,为科研团体提供了一种灵活的访问控制和身份管理模 型。  相似文献   

11.
Abstract

Internet access and use of georeferenced public health information for GIS application will be an important and exciting development for the nation's Department of Health and Human Services and other health agencies in this new millennium. Technological progress towards public health geospatial data integration, analysis, and visualization of space-time events using the Web portends eventual robust use of GIS by public health and other sectors of the economy. Increasing Web resources from distributed spatial data portals and global geospatial libraries, and a growing suite of Web integration tools, will provide new opportunities to advance disease surveillance, control and prevention, and insure public access and community empowerment in public health decision making. Emerging supercomputing, data mining, and compression and transmission technologies will play increasingly critical roles in national emergency, catastrophic planning and response, and risk management. Web-enabled public health GIS will be guided by Federal Geographic Data Committee spatial metadata, OpenGIS Web interoperability, and GML/XML geospatial Web content standards. Public health will become a responsive and integral part of rhe National Spatial Data Infrastructure.  相似文献   

12.
作为拥有百万藏品、开展数字化较早的博物馆之一,故宫博物院管理着大量的文物及其产生的数据。目前,因现存数据存在数量庞大、多源异构且较为分散的现象,导致利用这些数据制作的数字内容难以被全面管理、利用率变低。为改善这一现状,故宫引入英国数据策管中心数据策管周期模型,建立数字服务设计与数据策管并行的工作机制,尝试在实践工作中通过搭建一站式数字服务平台,对数字内容的管理及利用效率产生积极作用。  相似文献   

13.
[目的/意义] 数据管护是数字化时代企业信息资源管理的重要实践领域,不仅包含数据的归档与保存职能,更强调对数据的复用,结合具体业务情境探讨数据管护的角色定位,具有理论与实践双重意义。[方法/过程] 结合数据管护、数据治理相关理论和模型,运用个案研究方法描述NSR的科研数据管护过程,基于业务流程抽取数据点、分析数据管护相关角色定位及其关联关系。[结果/结论] 针对企业科研管理具体情境,数据治理利益相关者并非全部参与数据管护。科研数据管护过程中数据主管、数据管家、数据运维人等主体分别扮演不同角色,有必要参照数据管护需求对现有科研经理角色进一步细分。  相似文献   

14.
对Data Curationr 教育实践及该课程在北美高校的设置状况进行调研,并详尽分析和比较各校教学大纲中的课程名称、课程介绍、教学目标、先修课程、阅读和作业、侧重点等。调查结果显示：三分之一多的高校开设此课程,部分高校将其列为实验教学而非常规课程;课程名称不尽相同,但内容均以“Data Curation”为核心;章节主题设置呈现多样化;教学目标均涵盖ALA提出的4项核心竞争力,并要求学生拥有实践动手能力;大多数课程通过完成课程设计作业评定成绩,课程设计都具有很强的实践性。最后,对北美高校Data Curation课程设置做出总结。  相似文献   

15.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(64):125-137
Summary

As a land-grant research university without a geography or cartography department, Washington State University Libraries present a unique organizational context for the adoption of GIS services. The authors consider the implementation of GIS services at the Washington State University Libraries, particularly at the Holland/New Library, which originated from an ARL/GIS Literacy Grant in 1992. The authors cover the following topics in the development of the service: Historical Background, System Architecture, Project Issues and Service Provision, Reference Services Policies, Current Implementation and Related Campus-Wide Issues, and Future Agenda. The services offered were essentially at a minimum level, that is, only providing limited access to government and commercial geospatial data using Arc View and Landview software. The approach to GIS in reference work has been to view it as a specialized service within a standard reference framework very similar to the computer-mediated searching programs of the past. Future plans for GIS services include shifting from a single desktop workstation to a system-wide network access to spatial data and maintaining a centralized repository for all spatial data whether purchased commercially or developed in-house.  相似文献   

16.
农业科学数据监管平台构建研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
[目的/意义] 利用农业科学数据监管平台将散落在科研发现工作中的各种重要的学术实验数据进行收集、整理、分析、存储、加工以及再利用,发挥农业科学数据监管的作用,提高科学研究与创新的效率,为研究人员进一步的科研工作提供捷径。[方法/过程] 以基于网页的数据库系统——东北农业大学西甜瓜分子育种系统为例,利用ThinkPHP 框架构建"西甜瓜分子育种数据监管平台"。首先对构建系统平台的软件进行选择,设定系统目标,其次描述利用ThinkPHP框架构建"西甜瓜分子育种数据监管平台"的实施过程,最后提出构建农业科学数据监管平台的一些思考和建议。[结果/结论] 是对农业科学实验数据进行监管的有效范例,该平台经园艺专业应用,验证了其可行性和实用性。  相似文献   

17.
The rise of data-driven research and discovery may be one of the greatest strategic opportunities to confront academic libraries in a generation. The argument advanced in this article is that the data science opportunity is about data curation AND data analysis. Thus the development of a holistic data science strategy ought to include both elements. Up until now, academic libraries have largely responded to the data science opportunity from a curatorial and archiving perspective. However, this is beginning to change. The case for crafting a holistic data science strategy is presented in six parts in this article. In part one, a broad overview of the data science opportunity is presented, followed by a definition of data analysis and data curation in part two. The traditional academic library response (curation) and a reframing of it to include data analysis are then presented in two separate parts. And finally, part five reports findings from a recent survey conducted at the University of Florida (UF) which indicates robust demand for training in analytical tools and technologies. The article concludes with some thoughts on the challenges of offering data analysis services, using the UF experience to highlight key issues.  相似文献   

18.
《图书馆管理杂志》2012,52(2):172-188
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19.
ABSTRACT

Maps and geospatial data are critical in disaster response situations. Accurate and updated maps direct first responders to areas of most need, reroute supply lines according to the post-disaster landscape, and help identify remote communities. Unfortunately, accurate and detailed geospatial data is not readily available for many parts of the world. Crowdsourced mapping programs such as Humanitarian OpenStreetMap (HOT) and Tomnod rely on volunteers to create this essential data, with a focus on the world's most vulnerable places. Groups of volunteers contribute to HOT and Tomnod in events called mapathons. This case study at Indiana University Bloomington's Herman B Wells Library asserts that the library is a natural home for humanitarian mapathons, as participants actively engage with spatial and data literacy concepts as they become spatial data creators. Through library mapathons, participants gain spatial and data literacy skills, engage with a global community, connect with other parts of the world, and are exposed to library resources. Hosting a mapathon requires very few specialized skills or knowledge, and has broad appeal. While Indiana University, Bloomington serves about 40,000 students, this case study provides tips and best practices for hosting humanitarian mapathons at libraries of any size.  相似文献   

20.
Abstract

Access to geospatial information continues to be central to the mission of geography and map libraries. Providing or facilitating access has been, and continues to be, a dynamic process in light of both technological change and policy challenges. While technological changes in providing access to information have gathered much attention in the literature, substantive discussions regarding policies and practices that prevent or assist information access to geospatial information have been lacking. This second paper focuses on trends related to policy and practice in terms of sharing and use of geospatial information. These comparative policy and practice perspectives are also needed in order to point to the true promise held by technologies for sharing, exemplified by digital libraries designed for geospatial information as was pointed to in the first paper. On the whole, both papers join together by suggesting a role for librarians, especially through the construct of the geolibrary.  相似文献   

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