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1.
Laura Ann Janusik 《Communication Studies》2013,64(2):139-156
Gender differences in employee perceptions of the social support they received from sources in a multicultural organization are explored using a sample of employees born in Mexico and El Salvador currently working in the United States. Men reported receiving significantly more help with personal problems, praise, and job‐related help than women reported receiving. The relationship between emotional acculturative stress and perceived social support also was explored. Women experienced significantly more emotional acculturative stress than men reported. Intraorganimtional social support was unrelated to the emotional acculturative stress of women. Social support in the form of praise was significantly related to men's emotional acculturative stress. 相似文献
2.
日本媒体在经历了一个由摸索到取得长足发展、由追求自由到实施自律的过程之后 ,某种程度上得以自立 ,成为一种强大的社会监督力量。论及战后日本媒体传播倾向的形成 ,不能不涉及战后日本由美国所实施的民主改革。本文所考察的是美国对日媒体改革政策的制定、实施和变易过程 ,同时指出作为美国对日占领政策产物的日本媒体的传播倾向的形成过程及其制度和意识形态方面的特征。 相似文献
3.
Paul M. Leonardi 《Critical Studies in Media Communication》2013,30(2):160-179
Recent studies of new communication technologies have shown that broad terms such as “new media” are problematic. This study expands previous research by exploring how first-generation, working class United States Latino participants perceive and use new communication technologies in relation to their cultural values. Discussions generated across seven focus group sessions (N=78) about three common new communication technologies, 1) cell phones, 2) computers, and 3) the internet, showed that United States Latinos positioned the perceived usefulness of each communication technology differently, based upon their cultural values regarding good communication. In particular, participants discussed how cell phones provide an effective way to make interpersonal contact whereas computers and the internet were viewed as damaging to the communication necessary for good social relations. The findings show that this group of United States Latinos did not view new media as a homogeneous category, but instead had very distinct perceptions and ideas about the expected uses of cell phones, computers, and the internet in relation to their cultural values regarding communication. 相似文献
4.
Results of a survey of large health science libraries in the United States demonstrate that the relative position of men and women in administration is comparable to that prevalent in other types of libraries. Medical school and the largest libraries are the most likely to be administered by men. The percentage of women who are directors of large biomedical libraries has declined radically since 1950. The statistics presented here will serve as a base for assessing future change. 相似文献
5.
Rebecca Scoggin McEntee 《Journalism Practice》2018,12(1):32-55
Two grounded theory studies found that photo editors and producers were intent on publishing graphic photographs of women in combat if, and when, they are produced as women have begun to enter US Armed Forces combat units since January 2016. Editors said they aim to treat women the same as men when editing photographs of war, but showed hesitation upon seeing images of women in combat presented in this study, particularly when graphic. An individual level of influence was observed, as was concern for the audience that rivaled other social institutions within the hierarchy of influences. Interviewees in the first grounded theory study included 17 visual editors and producers of various newspaper, broadcast, and online US media companies. The second study included a different set of 20 editors/producers who participated in a think-aloud procedure showing them graphic photographs of women in combat. 相似文献
6.
Jessica Bushey 《档案与原稿》2014,42(1):33-47
The recent convergence of digital cameras into mobile phones with Internet connectivity has provided the opportunity for individuals and organisations to adopt new image-making practices. The widespread use of photo-sharing and social networking platforms for sharing, accessing and storing digital photographs is presenting scholars in the social sciences with new areas of research that address the nature of digital photography. By examining the technological, social and cultural factors involved in contemporary image-making practices, scholars are presenting new concepts regarding the characteristics of digital photographs that impact archival activities aimed at managing and preserving trustworthy digital records. This article identifies and discusses the key concepts emerging from social science research on digital photography that are most relevant to the archival field. Analysis of the findings of these studies suggests that new technologies and social practices are changing how people use digital photographs and their expectations of permanence. Therefore, archivists need to be engaged in interdisciplinary discussions regarding the evolution of photographic practices and emerging characteristics of digital photographs in order to anticipate the management and preservation activities required to protect contemporary visual records for future use. 相似文献
7.
Face-ism describes a phenomenon in which men are presented with more facial prominence in images than are women. Previous theorists have ascribed this phenomenon to social causes. However, occurrence of face-ism across historical and cultural contexts suggests the possibility of biological influence. The current study aimed to explore face-ism through the intersection of social influence and biological factors via the investigation of photographs of women of different ages and social standing within the context of academia. Results show that graduate students displayed the face less prominently than both tenured and nontenured faculty. Additionally, younger women displayed the face less prominently than older women. 相似文献
8.
本文探讨日本法院权衡审判公开和审判公正之间复杂关系的经验得失。和美国等西方国家不同,日本更注重保障审判公正,因而对媒体在庭审中的摄像报道等取材行为设置了相对严格的限制。本文首先论述日本审判公开的传统限制及其发展,然后讨论1989年具有里程碑意义的"法庭笔记案"及其后的制度进展,最后探讨日本目前对庭审摄像与取材行为的规制。从日本近年来的发展趋势来看,审判公开是未来方向。在日本公众和新闻界的不懈努力下,日本法院最终将在审判公开和审判公正之间达到合理平衡。 相似文献
9.
This study examines how Muslim women use Internet-based media in the process of acculturation in the United States. Grounded theory methodology (Glaser, 1992) and Sam and Berry’s (2006) model of acculturation were used as theoretical and analytical frameworks. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 Muslim women to learn about their media use and experiences in forming and maintaining relationships in the United States. Educational opportunities were an emerging theme in the determining factors of immigrating to the United States. The data indicated that Muslim women use a variety of Internet-based media such as Facebook, Skype, WhatsApp, Instagram, and Viber for communicating with family and friends locally and abroad. A majority of the participants reported that social media allowed them to express a part of their identities. The data suggests that the participants attained the level of acculturation defined as integration. The participants use these media to build and create relationships in their new communities. The combined relationships the participants maintain both locally and abroad seem to play a role in the creation of balance in their lives, which allows them to thrive in their new communities, at school, and at work. 相似文献
10.
袁同礼与美国国会图书馆 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
袁同礼为图书馆的一生分为前后两个阶段:第一阶段为1924年至1948年,这二十多年是袁同礼献身中国图书馆事业的阶段;第二阶段为1948年至1965年初,这十七年是他在美国国会图书馆从事治学和著述的阶段,袁同礼一生的主要著述多是在这一时期完成的。本文主要论述、评析了袁同礼在美国国会图书馆的主要事迹。 相似文献
11.
Douglas Kellner 《传播与批判/文化研究》2013,10(1):29-58
In this study, I demonstrate the consequences of the triumph of neoliberalism and media deregulation for democracy. I argue that the tremendous concentration of power in the hands of corporate groups who control powerful media conglomerates has intensified a crisis of democracy in the United States and elsewhere. Providing case studies of how mainstream media in the United States have become tools of conservative and corporate interests since the 1980s, I discuss how the corporate media helped forge a conservative hegemony, failed to address key social problems, and promoted the candidacy of George W. Bush in the 2000 US presidential election. 相似文献
12.
Harold M. Leich 《Slavic & East European Information Resources》2013,14(3):161-166
The paper explains the history and contents of the book collection assembled by Gennadii Vasil’evich Iudin (1840–1912) between 1906, when he sold his 80,000-volume “first” library to the Library of Congress in Washington, DC, and his death in 1912. The paper also examines efforts in both Russia and the United States to reconstruct the contents of the second library. 相似文献
13.
Christine Benesch 《Journal of Media Economics》2013,26(3):147-167
Survey results reveal that women consume less news than men. This article empirically analyzes this gender gap and explores several explanations. In the United States, the gender gap cannot be explained by differences in education, income, and other socio-demographics or by differences in preferences and job benefits of news consumption. However, the dual burden of paid and household work appears to be one of the drivers of the gender gap. In a cross-country comparison, the gender gap is linked to measures of gender equality in the economy and in politics. 相似文献
14.
Steven Starker 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1990,6(2):44-59
When realistic prose fiction appeared in the middle of the eighteenth century, it aroused the fears of the privileged and
pious who believed that vivid details and heightened emotional scenes would corrupt readers. Fantasy and even madness would
replace rationality and conscience. Young people and women were viewed as particularly vulnerable. Such fiction flourished
nevertheless, both in England and in the United States.
... it may, with confidence, be pronounced, that no one was ever an extensive and habitual reader of novels, even supposing
them all to be well selected, without suffering both intellectual and moral injury and of course incurring a diminution of
happiness. —Reverend Samuel Miller, 1803
Steven Starker is chief, psychology service, Portland Veteran’s Administration Medical Center, and professor of medical psychology
at Oregon Health Sciences University. This article is excepted from Chapter 4 of hisEvil Influences: Crusades Against the Mass Media (New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers, 1989). 相似文献
15.
The popularity of Spanish-language television in the United States has been increasing rapidly, yet little is known about the images viewers are likely to encounter when exposed to this content. As such, the present study investigates the representation of men and women in the 2004 prime-time, Spanish-language television season. Social identity theory provides a framework for understanding the potential influence of exposure to these depictions. Most notably, wealthy women were characterized as the slimmest, most provocatively dressed, and most submissive characters on Spanish-language television, whereas wealthy men were the heaviest, most conservatively dressed, and most dominant figures in prime time. 相似文献
16.
The present study investigated visuals on cosmetic surgery websites to better understand how these sites depict ideal beauty. The content analysis of 90 cosmetic surgery websites found most sites used general photos and more than half used 10 or more before-and-after photos. Women outnumbered men in general photographs but not in before-and-after photographs. Brunette men and women significantly outnumbered blondes. However, there were significantly more men with dark-colored eyes, while women were significantly more likely to have light-colored eyes. Implications are discussed. 相似文献
17.
《Government Information Quarterly》2000,17(2):161-180
Measuring the increase in racial diversity in the United States has received growing interest for the last three decades. The topic was of concern to the founding fathers, who categorized inhabitants using such terms as “White,” “free person,” or “slave.” We continue to categorize people by race.This article examines decennial census questionnaires, enumerator instructions, and actual categories used to define the race groups in this country from 1790 to the present to document the country’s efforts to categorize its racial populations. The influence of political and social conditions will become obvious as we journey through the archives of census schedules and enumerator instructions on how people have been categorized racially in this country. 相似文献
18.
Emily T. Cripe 《Qualitative Research Reports in Communication》2017,18(1):36-44
Despite increasing emphasis in recent years on the importance of breastfeeding for public health, rates in the United States still fall short of goals set by health organizations. In particular, breastfeeding rates for working mothers are lower than for stay at home mothers, despite policy changes to facilitate breastfeeding and working. Based on interviews with 23 mothers who were participants in breastfeeding support groups, this study explores some of the factors contributing to women’s difficulty combining breastfeeding and working. Findings indicate that some women do not return to work because they believe working and breastfeeding are not compatible, while those who do work and breastfeed often lack support from coworkers and managers. In order to improve breastfeeding rates for working mothers, organizations should make their support for breastfeeding mothers explicit beyond formal policies such as lactation rooms. 相似文献
19.
David Park 《The Communication Review》2013,16(4):287-321
This study examines the genres of visual communication utilized by the daily and illustrated weekly papers during the Civil War, when photography existed, but photographs could not yet be printed using the halftone process. I propose a typology of visual genres in use at that time, wherein each genre is differentiated by conventions that governed inclusion and interpretation. Though photography could not be reproduced in the news, an ideal of photorealism can be detected in many of these genres, as illustrations were made to approximate the mode of the photograph. This blending of photography and illustration, it is argued, contradicts the assumption of a metaphysical divide between photographic and illustrated representations, and elucidates the role of convention in visual communication. 相似文献
20.
In response to recent calls regarding the social sciences’ “replication crisis,” we have endeavored to replicate Xu and Burleson’s (2001) research study, “Effects of Sex, Culture, and Support Type of Perceptions of Spousal Support: An Assessment.” This study, which examines the support gap hypothesis and its different manifestations among men and women from the United States of America and China, has contributed greatly to scholarly conversations on social support, sex, culture, and support gaps. Results from our study partially replicate Xu and Burleson’s (2001) original findings and provide general empirical evidence for the support gap hypothesis. Differences in findings between the two studies and their implications are discussed. 相似文献