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1.
ABSTRACT

Drs Abhijit Banergee, Esther Duflo, and Michael Kremer won the 2019 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for their remarkable series of large-scale field experiments to lessen global poverty. The main theoretical framework that they employed was the diffusion of innovations research and practice paradigm (DOI) which has had a long presence in communication research dating back to the 1940s. Here, we reviewed the Nobel laureates’ article, ‘Using gossips to spread information: Theory and evidence from two randomized controlled trials,’ that is illustrative of how economists applied the communication theory of diffusion of innovations to their projects of social change. The present article poses questions and makes recommendations for similar future projects from a communication perspective.  相似文献   

2.
none 《文物保护研究》2013,58(1):65-77
Abstract

This contribution discusses how embodied heritage values operate within a context of heritage sites, and tangible and intangible embodiments of what is valued as heritage. This is partly intended to re-contextualize ideas of material and materiality that have recently undergone reconsideration in conservation and heritage discourse. The paper questions the claim that ‘Eastern’ and ‘Western’ philosophies of conservation are very different, and that they can be characterized as being concerned with intangible and tangible heritage, respectively. This is based on the assertion that influential preservation doctrines are as much a product of the context and practical situations as they are a product of different philosophies and cultures. Well-known examples from East and West are discussed to highlight the similarities, as opposed to the differences, in approaches. The article goes on to discuss the UNESCO definition of intangible heritage (2003), which conflates the intangible embodiment of values with the intangible values attributable to all heritage. As a way to contextualize this, the article considers embodiment of heritage values as a means to express both intangible and tangible heritage sites (since neither embodiment nor sites have to be physical). This is described by way of a simple, pre-existing communication model that moves from information source (which transmits the message) through the medium (the heritage site or object) to the audience (heritage user). These insights are intended to provide a balanced perspective that accommodates both the site and the embodied values in order to help make and justify conservation decisions.  相似文献   

3.

This article reviews the problem of disciplinary isolation in the human sciences, especially as it relates to psychology, and outlines how this problem can be addressed with the help of ideas of two figures—L. S. Vygotsky and M. M. Bakhtin. Vygotsky's claims about the social origins of individual mental functioning and his analyses of how cultural tools mediate social and individual functioning provide a means for relating individual mental functioning to cultural, historical, and institutional settings. Bakhtin's ideas about dialogicality, multivoicedness, and related phenomena complement and extend Vygotsky's claims and provide further theoretical means for integrating various disciplines’ contributions to the human sciences through the study of communication. After reviewing the contributions of Vygotsky and Bakhtin, an illustration concerned with multivoicedness in historical representation is provided.  相似文献   

4.

History and Annotated Bibliography of American Religious Periodicals and Newspapers Established from 1730 through 1830 Gaylord P. Albaugh, 1994 Worcester, American Antiquarian Society pp. lxxxix, 1456; 2 vols

The End of News Roger Bird, 1997 Concord, Ontario, Irwin Publishing pp. 167

Commercium litterarium, 1600–1750. La communication dans la République des Lettres [Forms of communication in the Republic of Letters] Studies of the Pierre Bayle Institute, Nijmegan 25 Hans Bots &; Françcoise Waquet, eds, 1994 Maarssen, Academic Publishers Associated pp. xii, 333

Press Censorship in Elizabethan England Cyndia Susan Clegg, 1997 Cambridge, Cambridge University Press pp. xv, 296

Benjamin Collins and the Provincial Newspaper Trade in the Eighteenth Century C.Y. Ferdinand, 1997 Oxford, Clarendon Press pp. xiv, 258

Women Editing Modernism. ‘Little’ Magazines and Literary History Jayne E. Marek, 1995 Lexington, University Press of Kentucky pp. xii, 252

The Popular Magazine in Britain and the United States 1880–1960 David Reed, 1997 London, British Library pp. 287

The Bloody Circus: the ‘Daily Herald’ and the left Huw Richards, 1997 London, Pluto Press pp. x, 256

The Dent Uniform Edition of Dickens’ Journalism Vol. 2. ‘The Amusements of the People’ and Other Papers: reports, essays and reviews 1834–51 Michael Slater, ed., 1996 London, Dent pp. xxxviii, 438

Periodicals of Queen Victoria's Empire: an exploration J. Don Vann &; Rosemary T. Vanarsdel, eds, 1996 Toronto, University of Toronto Press pp. 371  相似文献   

5.
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6.
Abstract

This study sought to explore library employee attitudes toward people with disabilities and accessibility. It also aimed to determine the training needs of current library employees. A survey with both quantitative and qualitative questions was developed and snowball sampling was used. Analysis of both types of data indicates that librarians across library types generally feel unprepared to work with patrons with disabilities. Based on the results, there are several recommendations for improvement within the profession, including creating a more robust training program focused on accessibility and disability, examining policies from local through national levels, and improving recruitment and retention of people with disabilities into the profession.  相似文献   

7.

This study examined relationships between nonverbal immediacy and liking, and between liking and vocalics in workplace environments. Subordinates ‘ perceptions of their supervisors’ nonverbal immediacy behaviors were strongly correlated with subordinates’ liking for their supervisors, and supervisors’ vocalics were linked significantly to subordinates’ liking for their supervisors. Findings in this study provide fresh insight into the relationships between supervisors’ communication behaviors and subordinates’ attitudes. The results also identify the cross‐contextual nature of the correlation between nonverbal immediacy behaviors and liking. The findings support and extend existing relational maintenance, nonverbal immediacy, vocalics, and liking literature.  相似文献   

8.
Courses: Interpersonal Communication, Health Communication, Intercultural Communication

Objectives: After completing this semester-long activity students, should be able to (1) apply course concepts (i.e., stereotypes, identity, listening, language, and conflict) to diverse real-world scenarios; (2) explain the utility of intergroup contact theory in relationship to communication and social diversity; (3) critically reflect on social diversity explored through communication behaviors; and (4) develop communication competence toward diverse others, specifically persons with disabilities (PWDs).  相似文献   

9.
ABSTRACT

In Thailand, older individuals or ‘Phu Yai’ are people with higher social status and power as compared to younger people or ‘Phu Noi’ (Komolsevin &; Knutson, 2010). In the realm of education, teachers are considered Phu Yai while students are considered Phu Noi. This concept reinforces Hofstede’s (1991) major finding on Thailand being categorized as a high power-distance culture. The current study examines students’ perspective of the effect of student–teacher Facebook interactions on intercultural communication concepts such as power distance and submission to authority within the Thai student–teacher relationship. Questionnaires were administered to 353 students (N?=?353) at a large international university in Thailand. The study found that social media use between Thai students and teachers influence how students view the face-to-face power dynamics between them and their teachers. Specifically, the more students and teachers interact on Facebook, the lower students perceive the power distance between them and their teachers.  相似文献   

10.
Abstract

This study employs participant observation methodology to examine the U.S. broadcast industry's cognitions of its external environment. Previous research has documented a tendency among industry participants to operate under outdated mental models of their environment. This tendency ‐ labeled ‘cognitive inertia’ ‐ provides the analytical framework for this study. The results provide indications that broadcasters operate under what appear to be outdated mental models of their external environment, with broadcasters appearing to pay inadequate attention to competing program sources and failing to account for the changing demographic composition of the television audience. However, these conclusions are tempered by the broadcast industry's dual‐product marketplace characteristics, wherein cognitions that would appear to reflect inadequate assessment of the content market may in fact reasonably reflect the contemporary realities of the audience market.  相似文献   

11.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(69-70):313-326
Summary

Ideally, when clients come in to the library, reference staff should be able to focus on their information needs and not be distracted by the disability. Questions like “How will he get into the building?”, “How can she use the catalogue?” and others, become important because they indicate barriers to the use of the library by persons with disabilities. If these are not addressed on an organizational level, they affect the individual with the disability, the service provider, i.e., the reference librarian, and the quality of the service provided.  相似文献   

12.

This article fills a need of teachers of speech by describing Workers Education, plus reporting on a survey made to determine what types of speech and other oral communication training is being given to union leaders through various University Workers’ Education Programs.  相似文献   

13.
ABSTRACT

Although libraries, archives and museums were historically linked as ‘cabinets of curiosity,’ professionalization within the domains in the 19th century seems to have divided these collections. The creation of different working practices and standards built up barriers between these cultural or ‘information’ objects. However, in recent years there has been a well-developed trend towards pan-domain collaborative work which is slowly re-uniting collections and re-establishing links between the specialists that care for them. This article outlines how a project in the Royal College of Surgeons of England brought the library, archive and museum staff together to create a more collaborative environment which has served to benefit the collections, their users, and the staff themselves.  相似文献   

14.
Abstract

Tennessee State University was a decade long user of OCLC’s ILLiad platform. 2019 marked the year when the relationship with that system ended as our two interlibrary loan departments migrated to Tipasa, OCLC’s new cloud-based system. The platform change did not stem from dissatisfaction with ILLiad but from being informed that Tipasa would eventually replace ILLiad. This article covers three areas of the implementation: communication, staff training, and outreach. Explained is the communication had between library staff and OCLC representatives, what our participation in online cohort training involved, and included are visuals used to inform our campus about Tipasa.  相似文献   

15.
Disability is an increasing issue as never before. It is not just a health issue, it is a complex social phenomenon that separates a person from society. India, a country which is known for its multicultural diversity, leads as a top country in various assets. India is proactive in the disability sector ever since the subject of ‘disability’ was pointed out in the State List in the Seventh Schedule of Constitution. The Constitution of India mentions the word ‘citizen’ to cover all persons who legally belong to India. This article presents the library services provided by the National Institute for the Empowerment of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities (formerly National Institute for the Mentally Handicapped) for divyang users.  相似文献   

16.
ABSTRACT

This article aims to demonstrate how to objectively select the best children's librarian from all children's librarian candidates by using OWA (Ordered Weighted Averaging) technique as a new model. Firstly, we described 14 professional criteria that must be met by 4 different candidates (c1, c2, c3, and c4). Secondly, we determined ‘the importance weights of professional criteria (u)’ and ‘the extent to which the children's librarian candidates meet these criteria (b)’. In order to determine the values of u and b, we changed the linguistic values such as good, bad, or important into the numerical values. Thirdly, we calculated the final performance scores of all children's librarian candidates by using the formula OWA. Finally, we selected the candidate 4 (c4) who earned the highest score (0,645) in total as the best children's librarian.  相似文献   

17.
Jessie Lymn is a PhD Candidate at University of Technology Sydney (UTS) and a casual academic in the Information Studies programs at both UTS and Charles Sturt University. Her doctoral research focuses on the archival practices of subcultural communities and how this furthers temporal and spatial understandings of archives.

Building on Eichhorn’s concept of ‘archival genres’, this article considers the recent spate of zine anthologies published in Australia and the United States as examples of these genres. It proposes that the anthologies are archives of content, form and practice, given that they commonly reproduce entire zines as visual material, not just text, and are produced by members of zine communities. This article argues that the anthologies’ narratives, presentation and distribution preserve ideologies of zine culture and that archival genres create spaces for the preservation of practices.  相似文献   

18.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(67-68):257-271
Summary

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) motivated libraries all over the United States to evaluate their accommodations and services to patrons with disabilities. This article presents a case study of the Texas Tech University Libraries project to meet the needs of their patrons in relation to ADA. The study focuses on including adaptive technologies in the library environment to aid blind, hearing, visually and physically-impaired patrons and increasing library staff awareness of the needs of patrons with disabilities. Findings from the study will also benefit school, public, and special libraries that are evaluating their access for patrons with disabilities.  相似文献   

19.
Abstract

This article focuses on technological solutions, such as Digital Rights Management Systems (DRMS), which enable on one hand rights protection of intellectual property digital content, and on the other hand it should increase security and privacy of confidential and personal information exchange over semi open or open networks such as the Internet. First, this article will define and provide an overview of the key components of DRMS and respond to the questions of why such systems are needed, where they can be used, and how these systems work. Second, it will discuss the advantages and drawbacks of current DRMS. It will respond to the questions of what are the advantages and drawbacks when using such systems. Finally, this article puts forward four key factors for the emergence of DRMS: legal, regulatory & technologicaly, business, and the social environment. It then applies these factors to define two contrasting and polar emergence scenarios, the “weak DRMS’ and ‘strong DRMS’ scenario. With a framework established, this paper goes on to argue that the ‘weak DRMS’ scenario will remain the status quo in the short term. Primarily because of slow emergence of legislation on global scale, lack of a pervasive technology standard, contrasting interest among stakeholders, and consumer resistance to restrictive technologies that erode existing freedoms.  相似文献   

20.
Abstract

Community support systems (community platforms) that are providing a rich communication medium for work‐ or interest groups are gaining more and more attention in application areas ranging from leisure support and customer support to ‘knowledge management. One of these application areas is the support of teaching and research activities in universities. In this article we first identify possibilities for community platforms in universities and present some applications at Technische Universität München (TUM). From the current situation at TUM we motivate that a key feature of future community platforms has to be interoperability, and concentrate on how to provide interoperability in general, and how we are doing it in the environment at TUM. In particular we focus on service independent identity management as one central aspect of interoperability.  相似文献   

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