Relations of Children's Effortful Control and Teacher-Child Relationship Quality to School Attitudes in a Low-Income Sample     

Silva KM  Spinrad TL  Eisenberg N  Sulik MJ  Valiente C  Huerta S  Edwards A  Eggum ND  Kupfer AS  Lonigan CJ  Phillips BM  Wilson SB  Clancy-Menchetti J  Landry SH  Swank PR  Assel MA  Taylor HB;School Readiness Consortium 《Early education and development》2011,22(3):434-460

RESEARCH FINDINGS: The purpose of this study was to examine the relations of children's effortful control and quality of relationships with teachers to school attitudes longitudinally in an ethnically diverse and economically disadvantaged sample. Data were collected as part of a larger intervention project during mid-fall, winter, and late spring (ns = 823, 722, and 758, respectively) for 2 cohorts of 3- to 5-year-olds (collected during 2 different school years). Children's effortful control was assessed in the fall with parents' and teachers' reports and 2 behavioral measures. Teacher-child relationship quality was assessed mid-year with teachers' reports of closeness and conflict. Attitudes toward school were assessed in late spring using teachers' and students' reports of school avoidance and liking. Effortful control, in general, was positively correlated with teacher-child closeness and school liking and negatively correlated with conflict and school avoidance. Using structural equation modeling and controlling for sex and ethnicity, we found that effortful control was positively related to teacher-child relationship quality, which in turn was positively related to school attitudes. Furthermore, the relation of effortful control to school attitudes was mediated by teacher-child relationship quality. PRACTICE OR POLICY: Results provide evidence for the importance of relational processes that take place within the classroom context and have implications for teachers and clinicians working to increase school success in ethnic minority and low-income children.  相似文献   

Dayton William Dix's Birth Story     

Hirschenfang J 《The Journal of perinatal education》2011,20(2):70-75

In this birth story, a young mother relates her experience of moving beyond fear of labor and birth and developing confidence in her ability to give birth without an epidural. Knowledge and support, including the support of a doula, during the last months of pregnancy helped this mother change her plans for the labor and birth. This story highlights the importance of continuous emotional and physical support and how knowledge and confidence set the stage for a satisfying, safe, and healthy birth.  相似文献   

Effect of postsecondary education on the economic status of persons who are deaf or hard of hearing     

Schley S  Walter GG  Weathers RR  Hemmeter J  Hennessey JC  Burkhauser RV 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》2011,16(4):524-536

This article examines the effect that postsecondary education has on earnings and the duration of time spent in the Social Security disability programs for young persons who are deaf or hard of hearing. Our hypothesis is that investments in postsecondary training increase the likelihood of employment for persons who are deaf or hard of hearing and thus reduce dependency on disability-related income support programs. A longitudinal data set based upon records from the National Technical Institute for the Deaf and Social Security administrative records is used for this analysis. We find that those who graduate, even those who graduate with vocational degrees, experience significant earnings benefits and reductions in the duration of time spent on federal disability programs when compared with those who do not graduate with a degree. This finding suggests that reductions in the duration of time spent on Social Security programs are not limited to those with the highest level of scholastic aptitude and that investments in post-secondary education can benefit a broad group of deaf and hard-of-hearing persons. In addition, the data show that individuals who attend college, but withdraw before graduation, fair no better economically than individuals who never attended college.  相似文献   

Prenatal parenthood     

J O'Leary  J Warland  L Parker 《The Journal of perinatal education》2011,20(4):218-220

In this article, we discuss the intuitive knowledge mothers have of their unborn baby. We propose a shift in focus from caregivers' merely providing information to first listening to pregnant mothers as they share their intuitive knowledge of their baby. This approach enables mothers and fathers or partners to know they are already parents to their unborn baby and empowers them to get in touch with their baby's presence and who he or she is during pregnancy. This intuitive knowledge may be a protective behavior that will enable mothers to keep babies safe during pregnancy.  相似文献   

Two components of responding in Pavlovian lick suppression     

Jozefowiez J  Witnauer JE  Miller RR 《Learning & behavior》2011,39(2):138-145

The present research examined the temporal distribution of responding in a lick suppression paradigm. In Experiment 1, rats were trained with either a 30- or a 120-s conditioned stimulus (CS), which was followed either by a footshock (unconditioned stimulus [US]) or nothing. Licking during the CS was suppressed only in the former condition. Suppression was more pronounced early in the CS. In Experiment 2, rats were exposed to two 30-s or two 120-s CSs, with delivery of the shock being contingent on CS1 for half of the animals and on CS2 for the other half. For both the paired and the unpaired conditions, suppression at the beginning of CS1 was observed for all the groups. By discounting the possibility of generalization between CS1 and CS2, it appears that this initial suppression was not a conditioned response to the CS, but an unconditioned one due to mere exposure to the shock US.  相似文献   

我是风     

张曹远 《少先队小干部》2011,(Z1)

不知从何处来,又不知向何处去。我来无影,去无踪,却能被感觉到、接触到。我是大自然中特殊的一员——风。我行走洒脱,时而快如迅雷,时而又慢如信步。满世界都存在着我那无形而透明的身影,我还可以随心所欲,想去哪里就去哪里,无  相似文献   

李大钊:铸成金刀为斗争     

张磊  程实  於姝含  杨晟宇  韩雨恬  潘云嫣  支铭远  沈郅毅  高丞洋  闵婕  闻文  陈艳  朱丽菊 《少先队小干部》2011,(Z1)

1.1889年10月29日,李大钊出生于河北省乐亭县大黑坨村。2.按照当时我国农村的风俗,认为孩子的名字越难听越容易养活,所以他被取名为憨头。  相似文献   

加强小学写字教育管见     

牙美杰 《小学时代》2011,(2):106

一、小学写字教学的重要性《语文课程标准》明确指出:写字是一项重要的语文基本功,是巩固识字的手段,对于提高学生的文化素养起着重要作用,写字是低年级语文教学中一项极其重要的任务。字写得正确、端正、美  相似文献   

试论韦拔群对东兰农民运动发展的历史贡献   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

牙远波 《柳州师专学报》2003,18(2):109-112

大革命时期，韦拔群为了推动东兰和右江农民运动的发展，他在家乡东兰武篆举办了东兰农民运动讲习所，培养农运骨干，并充分利用国共合作的有利形势，在中国共产党的帮助下，先后击溃了军阀龚寿仪、伪县知事黄守先和土豪劣坤杜瑶甫等人的疯狂进攻，把东兰农民运动一步步推向高潮。  相似文献   

学习造就称职父母     

杰林 《中华家教》2003,(7)

一谈起家庭教育,人们便把目光全都指向孩子,总认为家庭教育就是家长对孩子的教育。于是,家长总盯着孩子的不足之处,家长的精力大多用在教训孩子、想方设法纠正孩子的过错上。这样的认识,这样的做法,收效甚微。逐渐,人们认识到,其实,家庭教育是提高家庭全体成员素质的教育,  相似文献