Impulsive force on the head during performance of typical ukemi techniques following different judo throws     

Toshihiko Hashimoto  Takanori Ishii  Naoyuki Okada  Masahiro Itoh 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(13):1356-1365

In this study, eight judo athletes who are major candidates for the Japan national team were recruited as participants. Kinematic analysis of exemplary ukemi techniques was carried out using two throws, o-soto-gari, a throw linked to frequent injury, and o-uchi-gari. The aim of this study was to kinematically quantify the timing patterns of exemplary ukemi techniques and to obtain kinematic information of the head, in a sequence of ukemi from the onset of the throw to the completion of ukemi. The results indicated that the vertical velocity with which the uke’s head decelerated was reduced by increasing the body surface exposed to the collision with the tatami and by increasing the elapsed time. In particular, overall upper limb contact with the tatami is greatly associated with deceleration. In o-soto-gari, the impulsive force on the faller’s head as the head reached the lowest point was 204.82 ± 19.95 kg m · s^–2 while in o-uchi-gari it was 118.46 ± 63.62 kg m · s^–2, z = ?1.75, P = 0.08, and it did present a large-sized effect with r = 0.78. These findings indicate that the exemplary o-soto-gari as compared to o-uchi-gari is the technique that causes more significant damage to the uke’s head.  相似文献   

日本私立大学借贷融资问题研究     

刘牧  阿曾沼明裕 《教育与经济》2012,(4)

20世纪60年代初期,日本高等教育大众化进程中的规模扩张任务主要由私立大学承担.在学费收入及政府财政拨款有限的情况下,日本私立大学开始通过向资本市场借贷的方式来筹措部分办学经费.日本私立大学的借贷融资至今已大致经历了贷款规模膨胀期、还贷危机治理期及贷款融资稳定期等三个发展阶段.现在,借贷资金仍然是日本私立大学的重要财源之一.长期的制度建设和有效的治理,已使日本私立大学的借贷融资,无论是贷款规模还是贷款资金来源的构成均趋向稳定.  相似文献   

Risk management by a neoliberal state: construction of new knowledge through lifelong learning in Japan     

Akihiro Ogawa 《Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education》2013,34(1):132-144

This article examines the current developments in Japan's lifelong learning policy and practices. I argue that promoting lifelong learning is an action that manages the risks of governance for the neoliberal state. Implementing a new lifelong learning policy involves the employment of a political technique toward integrating the currently divided and polarized Japanese population – popularly called kakusa – into the newly imagined collective, namely, atarashii kōkyō or the New Public Commons. Examining the macro policy discourse on Japan's educational policy, this article demonstrates Japan's inflections of neoliberal governmentality with the new distribution of responsibility between the state and the individuals through the construction of new knowledge supporting the New Public Commons. In fact, new knowledge is the epicenter of the national educational policy discourse aiming at generating social solidarity in local communities.  相似文献   

The Usefulness of Saturated Salt Solution Embalming Method for Oral Surgical Skills Training: A New Cadaveric Training Model for Bone Harvesting     

Masato Watanabe  Yuya Yoneyama  Hayato Hamada  Michihide Kohno  On Hasegawa  Hidetoshi Takahashi  Yoko Kawase-Koga  Akira Matsuo  Daichi Chikazu  Shinichi Kawata  Masahiro Itoh 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(5):628-635

The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of saturated salt solution-embalmed cadavers for oral surgical skills training related to bone graft harvesting. Two half-day surgical skills training workshops were held at the Tokyo Medical University utilizing eight cadavers embalmed with the saturated salt solution. A total of 22 participants including oral surgeons, residents, and dentists attended the workshop. Surgical training consisted of six procedures related to intraoral and extraoral bone harvesting. The participants were surveyed to assess self-confidence levels for each surgical procedure before and after completion of each workshop. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the differences between each median score before and after the workshop. There were statistically significant increases in the self-assessed confidence scores in bone harvesting procedures for the zygomatic bone (P = 0.003), maxillary tuberosity (P = 0.002), and other sites (P < 0.001). The anatomical features of saturated salt solution-embalmed cadavers were also examined. The textures of the oral mucosa and skin were similar to those of living individuals. The structure of bone tissues was well-preserved and the hardness was realistic. Consequently, all procedures were performed with sufficient realism. The saturated salt solution method has a relatively low cost of preparation and storage, and almost no odor. The authors suggest that saturated salt solution-embalmed cadavers could provide a new model for oral surgical skills training in bone harvesting.  相似文献   

The right to evacuation: the self-determined future of post-Fukushima Japan     

Akihiro Ogawa 《Inter-Asia Cultural Studies》2013,14(4):648-658

Abstract

Since the Fukushima disaster in March 2011, rights advocacy has been gaining traction in Japanese politics. This paper argues for the rationale that led to the current legal development in post-Fukushima Japan—the Nuclear Disaster Victims' Support Act, which emphasizes the right to evacuation—and presents the grassroots struggle against public authorities. The right to evacuation is the right of citizens to avoid exposure to radioactivity by allowing victims—in this case, the victims of Fukushima—to choose their living location, whether that means permanently evacuating to a new area, returning to their original homes after evacuation, or remaining where they are (i.e., not evacuating). In any of these situations, necessary support from the government is guaranteed. I claim that while the right to evacuation represents a vision about how people in Fukushima can choose to survive and develop their own self-determined future, it requires a set of tools to achieve it. As such, this paper also argues the ways in which Japanese civil society groups play a significant role in helping bring the grassroots voices of people in Fukushima to the law-making process, as well as actual implementation. Advocacy to achieve such a fundamental human right is gradually progressing and moving away from the perception of being merely a criticism of government; rather, advocates are presenting alternatives and giving government a chance to change itself.  相似文献