Interpreting Research on Parent Involvement and Connecting it to the Science Classroom     

Alberto J. Rodriguez  Tamara Collins-Parks  Jennifer Garza 《理论付诸实践》2013,52(1):51-58

As part of a larger project, we found that there are very few articles focusing on the relationship between parent involvement and student achievement in science. Furthermore, most studies are quantitative in nature (based on large-scale surveys). Despite the gaps identified, there are many consistent findings across various studies that could be transferred to the science-learning context, for example, the significant effect of parents' aspirations/expectations on student achievement. To better present the findings from our review of the literature, we proposed a model for organizing the various categories of parent involvement at school into three dynamic dimensions: home environment, parents and school/community, and students and school/community. We feel that this model provides a framework for recognizing the roles that parents and their children may be already playing (agency) in triggering involvement at home, at school, and/or with community organizations.  相似文献   

“If There is No Struggle, There is No Progress”: Transformative Youth Activism and the School of Ethnic Studies     

Nolan L. Cabrera  Elisa L. Meza  Andrea J. Romero  Roberto Cintli Rodríguez 《The Urban Review》2013,45(1):7-22

In the wake of the Tucson Unified School District dismantling its highly successful Mexican American Studies (MAS) program, students staged walkouts across the district to demonstrate their opposition. Student-led walkouts were portrayed as merely “ditching,” and students were described as not really understanding why they were protesting. After these events, a group of student activists called UNIDOS organized and led the School of Ethnic Studies. This was a community school dedicated to teaching the forbidden MAS curriculum. In this article we present counternarratives from organizers, presenters, and participants in the School of Ethnic Studies. These narratives demonstrate the transformative resistance of students who created their own form of liberatory education. Our analysis highlights how student organizers led the creation of an autonomous, community-based educational space to allowed young people to engage in political analysis, self-reflection, and strategic organizing. We conclude with the implications for Ethnic Studies, urban education, and counternarrative.  相似文献   

Revisiting the history of relativity     

Lewis?PyensonEmail author  Sean?F.?Johnston  Alberto?A.?Martínez  Richard?Staley 《Metascience》2011,20(1):53-73

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A microfluidic platform for controlled biochemical stimulation of twin neuronal networks     

Biffi E  Piraino F  Pedrocchi A  Fiore GB  Ferrigno G  Redaelli A  Menegon A  Rasponi M 《Biomicrofluidics》2012,6(2):24106-2410610

Spatially and temporally resolved delivery of soluble factors is a key feature for pharmacological applications. In this framework, microfluidics coupled to multisite electrophysiology offers great advantages in neuropharmacology and toxicology. In this work, a microfluidic device for biochemical stimulation of neuronal networks was developed. A micro-chamber for cell culturing, previously developed and tested for long term neuronal growth by our group, was provided with a thin wall, which partially divided the cell culture region in two sub-compartments. The device was reversibly coupled to a flat micro electrode array and used to culture primary neurons in the same microenvironment. We demonstrated that the two fluidically connected compartments were able to originate two parallel neuronal networks with similar electrophysiological activity but functionally independent. Furthermore, the device allowed to connect the outlet port to a syringe pump and to transform the static culture chamber in a perfused one. At 14 days invitro, sub-networks were independently stimulated with a test molecule, tetrodotoxin, a neurotoxin known to block action potentials, by means of continuous delivery. Electrical activity recordings proved the ability of the device configuration to selectively stimulate each neuronal network individually. The proposed microfluidic approach represents an innovative methodology to perform biological, pharmacological, and electrophysiological experiments on neuronal networks. Indeed, it allows for controlled delivery of substances to cells, and it overcomes the limitations due to standard drug stimulation techniques. Finally, the twin network configuration reduces biological variability, which has important outcomes on pharmacological and drug screening.  相似文献   

Resolving ambiguity in biomedical text to improve summarization     

Laura Plaza  Mark Stevenson  Alberto Díaz 《Information processing & management》2012

Access to the vast body of research literature that is now available on biomedicine and related fields can be improved with automatic summarization. This paper describes a summarization system for the biomedical domain that represents documents as graphs formed from concepts and relations in the UMLS Metathesaurus. This system has to deal with the ambiguities that occur in biomedical documents. We describe a variety of strategies that make use of MetaMap and Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) to accurately map biomedical documents onto UMLS Metathesaurus concepts. Evaluation is carried out using a collection of 150 biomedical scientific articles from the BioMed Central corpus. We find that using WSD improves the quality of the summaries generated.  相似文献   

Diversifying Science: Underrepresented Student Experiences in Structured Research Programs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sylvia Hurtado  Nolan L. Cabrera  Monica H. Lin  Lucy Arellano  Lorelle L. Espinosa 《Research in higher education》2009,50(2):189-214

Targeting four institutions with structured science research programs for undergraduates, this study focuses on how underrepresented students experience science. Several key themes emerged from focus group discussions: learning to become research scientists, experiences with the culture of science, and views on racial and social stigma. Participants spoke of essential factors for becoming a scientist, but their experiences also raised complex issues about the role of race and social stigma in scientific training. Students experienced the collaborative and empowering culture of science, exhibited strong science identities and high self-efficacy, while developing directed career goals as a result of “doing science” in these programs.  相似文献   

The Construct Validity of Student Engagement: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis Approach   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Steven M. LaNasa  Alberto F. Cabrera  Heather Trangsrud 《Research in higher education》2009,50(4):315-332

As institutions seek to promote student engagement on campus, the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) is increasingly being used to chart progress and compare results using the Five Benchmark Scores. While recent research has begun to decompose the five benchmarks in a variety of ways; few research studies have sought to explore the underlying structure of these five benchmarks, their interdependence, and the extent to which the items do reflect those five dimensions. This study begins to address the instrument’s construct validity by submitting a single, first-time freshman cohort’s NSSE responses to a confirmatory factor analysis, and proposes as an alternative, eight “dimensions” of student engagement that fit this set of data slightly better and in a more useful way. Results have practical implications for institutions utilizing NSSE, but also contain conceptual implications pertaining to the application of these benchmarks.  相似文献   

Effects of structural components of artificial turf on the transmission of impacts in football players     

Alberto Encarnación-Martínez  Antonio García-Gallart  Ana M. Gallardo  Juan A. Sánchez-Sáez.  Javier Sánchez-Sánchez 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2018,17(2):251-260

The third generation of artificial turf systems (ATS) has matched the mechanical behaviour of natural grass, but today a high heterogeneity at structural level and mechanical behaviour in the new ATS also exists. The objective was to analyse the effect of the structural components of ATS football pitches and running speed on the capacity of impact attenuation. A total of 12 athletes were evaluated at three speed conditions (3.33 m/s, 4 m/s and maximum speed) on four different ATS, classifying them by their components (length of fibre, type of in-fill and sub-base). Impact attenuation was significantly higher in ATS3, characterised by longer fibre compared to other ATS with less fibre length. The ATS4 with a higher length fibre and built on compacted granular material proportioned significantly lower values in the maximum peaks of tibia acceleration. Finally, as speed increases, the peak tibia impacts were significantly higher. Longer fibre length and the capacity to accommodate a higher quantity of infill facilitate higher impact attenuation. Equally, a compacted granular sub-base is related to lower magnitude of maximum tibia peaks. Finally, the magnitude of the tibia acceleration peaks is dependent of running speed for all ATS analysed, being higher as speed increases.  相似文献   

EDUCATION AND THE REPRODUCTION OF CLASS, GENDER, AND RACE: RESPONDING TO THE POSTMODERN CHALLENGE     

Raymond A. Morrow  Carlos Alberto Torres 《Educational theory》1994,44(1):43-61

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Study of the consequences of physical neglect on the psychological development of preschool children in Spain     

Osuna MJ  Cabrera JH  Morales MC 《Child abuse & neglect》2000,24(7):911-924

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