Sind Modelle der Item-Response-Theorie (IRT) das „Mittel der Wahl“ für die Modellierung von Kompetenzen?     

Johannes Hartig  Andreas Frey 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2013,16(1):47-51

Item response theory (IRT) models can be subsumed under the larger class of statistical models with latent variables. IRT models are increasingly used for the scaling of the responses derived from standardized assessments of competencies. The paper summarizes the strengths of IRT in contrast to more traditional techniques as well as in contrast to alternative models with latent variables (e. g. structural equation modeling). Subsequently, specific limitations of IRT and cases where other methods might be preferable are lined out.  相似文献   

Task Characteristics and Learning Potentials—Empirical Results of Three Diary Studies on Workplace Learning     

Andreas Rausch 《Vocations and Learning》2013,6(1):55-79

Most learning in the workplace occurs while pursuing working rather than learning goals. The studies at hand aimed to identify task characteristics that foster learning in the workplace. Task characteristics are supposed to exert a major effect on the learning potential. However, the fact that learning is more often than not a rather unconscious by-product of working poses methodological challenges because respondents might not be capable of accurately recalling daily work experiences. Diaries were applied in order to bring measurement closer to the processes. Three diary studies were conducted in the field of office work within vocational education and training, with trainees requested to record particular work tasks several times a day. Each diary record, i.e., each work task, required a rating of ten standardized items relating to task characteristics including the perceived learning potential of the present task. Eighteen trainees aiming to become retail salespersons recorded 488 work tasks, 10 trainees aiming to become bank clerks recorded 1,113 work tasks, and 20 trainees aiming to become industrial clerks recorded 573 work tasks. The aim of these studies was to explain the variance in the perceived learning potentials from further task characteristics using regression analyses. The extent of the explained variance ranged from 46.6 % in study 1 to 77.8 % in study 3. Interestingness, novelty, assistance from others, and feedback turned out to be the best predictors, whereas scope of action even showed negative influences. Practical implications for workplace learning as well as methodological recommendations for using diary methods in the workplace are discussed.  相似文献   

Experience Field for the Development of the Senses: Hugo Kükelhaus' Phenomenology of Consciousness     

Andreas Luescher 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2006,25(1):67-73

This article (re)introduces the pedagogy of the German artist Hugo Kükelhaus (1900–84) whose interest in the psycho‐physiological substratum of learning led to theoretically and experimentally accomplished investigations of the conscious experience. Kükelhaus' most well‐known infant toy productions of the 1930s, the Allbedeut, and the ‘Experience Field for the Senses’ of the 1960s serve here as illustrations of the significance of his ideas to contemporary theories of intelligence; educational technology; and the design of learning environments. I examine some of the issues surrounding the conceptualization, realization and critical reception of these inventions. The article concludes that Kükelhaus' approach to the apparent contradiction of the sensuous idea offers practical and philosophical directions for the development of integrative, heuristic and archetypal tools and learning environments.  相似文献   

Dynamic multimedia stream adaptation and rate control for heterogeneous networks     

SZWABE Andrzej  SCHORR Andreas  HAUCK Franz J  KASSLER Andreas J 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2006,7(Z1)

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I. Introduction     

Andreas Demetriou  Constantinos Christou  George Spanoudis  & Maria Platsidou 《Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development》2002,67(1):1-38

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Modellierung und kartographische Visualisierung von Geodaten mit XML-basierten Sprachen     

Brigitte Mathiak  Andreas Kupfer  Karl Neumann 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》2005,6(2):24-32

Mit den XML-basierten Sprachen GML, XSLT und SVG lassen sich Geodaten nicht nur anwendungsorientiert modellieren, sondern auch karten?hnlich visualisieren. In dieser Fallstudie zeigen wir das, indem wir realistische Geodatenbest?nde der Landesvermessungs?mter zun?chst mit der Geography Markup Language (GML) nachmodellieren. So mit GML strukturierte Daten werden dann mit der Extensible Stylesheet Language for Transformation (XSLT) auf Elemente der Sprache Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) abgebildet. Dabei wird der Prozess der kartografischen Visualisierung durch XSLT-Konstrukte modelliert und auch gleichzeitig implementiert. Als Ergebnis erhalten wir Grafiken, die den entsprechenden Karten der Landes?mter zumindest nicht un?hnlich sind.  相似文献   

The effects of different modes of representation on the solution of one-step additive problems   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

Iliada Elia  Athanasios Gagatsis  Andreas Demetriou 《Learning and Instruction》2007,17(6):658-672

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Tell me why! Content knowledge predicts process-orientation of math researchers’ and math teachers’ explanations     

Andreas Lachner  Matthias Nückles 《Instructional Science》2016,44(3):221-242

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Prognostic relevance of motor talent predictors in early adolescence: A group- and individual-based evaluation considering different levels of achievement in youth football     

Oliver Höner  Andreas Votteler 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(24):2269-2278

ABSTRACT

In the debate about the usefulness of motor diagnostics in the talent identification process, the prognostic validity for tests conducted in early adolescence is of critical interest. Using a group- and individual-based statistical approach, this prospective cohort study evaluated a nationwide assessment of speed abilities and technical skills regarding its relevance for future achievement levels. The sample consisted of 22,843 U12-players belonging to the top 4% in German football. The U12-results in five tests served as predictors for players’ selection levels in U16-U19 (youth national team, regional association, youth academy, not selected). Group-mean differences proved the prognostic relevance for all predictors. Low individual selection probabilities demonstrated limited predictive values, while excellent test results proved their particular prognostic relevance. Players scoring percentile ranks (PRs) ≥ 99 had a 12 times higher chance to become youth national team players than players scoring PR < 99. Simulating increasing score cut-off values not only enhanced specificity (correctly identified non-talents) but also led to lower sensitivity (loss of talents). Extending the current research, these different approaches revealed the ambiguity of the diagnostics’ prognostic relevance, representing both the usefulness and several pitfalls of nationwide diagnostics. Therefore, the present diagnostics can support but not substitute for coaches’ subjective decisions for talent identification, and multidisciplinary designs are required.  相似文献   

Data management in educational survey research     

Andreas Schleicher  Jahja Umar 《Prospects》1992,22(3):317-325

Author or co-author of numerous works on the use of computers and databases in education, including contributions to The International Encyclopedia of Education.  相似文献