Gender differences in academic and social behavior of elementary school transfer students     

Pamela G. Orosan  Andrew M. Weine  Leonard A. Jason  Joseph H. Johnson 《Psychology in the schools》1992,29(4):394-402

This study describes a tutoring program designed to help children in grades 3 through 5 who underwent an unscheduled school transfer. We examined gender differences in self-concepts, academic performance, teacher evaluations, and peer ratings. Gender differences were found in several measures, although gender did not substantially interact with the intervention. As expected, female transfer students reported lower self-concepts than males; teachers reported that boys were more popular; peers also rated boys as more aggressive and girls as more likable. Findings suggest that preventive interventions for transfer students need to account for effects of gender.  相似文献   

The Rise of American High School Sports and the Search for Control, 1880–1930 Robert Pruter. Syracuse,NY: Syracuse University Press, 2013.          下载免费PDF全文

Andrew McGregor 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》2015,38(3):322-323

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On the construction and proper proportions of boilers for the generation of steam     

Andrew Murray 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1855,60(2):125-129

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On the comparative expense of light derived from different sources,and on the use of chlorine as an indication of the illuminating power of coal gas     

Andrew Fyfe 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1843,35(4):260-272

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Books     

Janice Pottker  Andrew Fishel 《The Urban Review》1973,6(3):41-47

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‘Spit Nolan’ and the short story for children     

Andrew Stibbs 《Children‘s Literature in Education》1972,3(1):17-22

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Practical precooling: effect on cycling time trial performance in warm conditions     

Quod MJ  Martin DT  Laursen PB  Gardner AS  Halson SL  Marino FE  Tate MP  Mainwaring DE  Gore CJ  Hahn AG 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(14):1477-1487

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two practical precooling techniques (skin cooling vs. skin + core cooling) on cycling time trial performance in warm conditions. Six trained cyclists completed one maximal graded exercise test (VO2(peak) 71.4 +/- 3.2 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) and four approximately 40 min laboratory cycling time trials in a heat chamber (34.3 degrees C +/- 1.1 degrees C; 41.2% +/- 3.0% rh) using a fixed-power/variable-power format. Cyclists prepared for the time trial using three techniques administered in a randomised order prior to the warm-up: (1) no cooling (control), (2) cooling jacket for 40 min (jacket) or (3) 30-min water immersion followed by a cooling jacket application for 40 min (combined). Rectal temperature prior to the time trial was 37.8 degrees C +/- 0.1 degrees C in control, similar in jacket (37.8 degrees C +/- 0.3 degrees C) and lower in combined (37.1 degrees C +/- 0.2 degrees C, P < 0.01). Compared with the control trial, time trial performance was not different for jacket precooling (-16 +/- 36 s, -0.7%; P = 0.35) but was faster for combined precooling (-42 +/- 25 s, - .8%; P = 0.009). In conclusion, a practical combined precooling strategy that involves immersion in cool water followed by the use of a cooling jacket can produce decrease in rectal temperature that persist throughout a warm-up and improve laboratory cycling time trial performance in warm conditions.  相似文献   

Effect of stage duration on physiological variables commonly used to determine maximum aerobic performance during cycle ergometry     

Roffey DM  Byrne NM  Hills AP 《Journal of sports sciences》2007,25(12):1325-1335

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Stressors, coping, and coping effectiveness: gender, type of sport, and skill differences   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nicholls AR  Polman R  Levy AR  Taylor J  Cobley S 《Journal of sports sciences》2007,25(13):1521-1530

The aim of this study was to examine stressors, coping, and coping effectiveness as a function of gender, type of sport, and skill. The sample consisted of 749 undergraduate athletes (455 males, 294 females) aged 18-38 years (mean= 19.8 years). Skill was classified as international/national, county, university, and club standard. Participants completed a stressor and coping concept map (Novak & Gowin, 1984). The results revealed gender, type of sport, and skill differences in relation to stressor frequencies, coping strategy deployment, and coping effectiveness. In contrast to previous research, females used a variety of problem-focused (e.g. planning, communication, technique-orientated coping) strategies more frequently than males. Team sport athletes reported a variety of sport-specific stressors relating to the demands of playing in a team environment. The group of national/international athletes reported using more planning, blocking, and visualization, and also reported that their coping was more effective than that of less-skilled athletes.  相似文献   

The relationship between heart rate reserve and oxygen uptake reserve in children and adolescents     

Hui SS  Chan JW 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2006,77(1):41-49

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between oxygen uptake (VO2) and heart rate (HR) responses during rest and exercise in Chinese children and youth and to evaluate the relationships between maximal heart rate (%HRmax), heart rate reserve (%HRR), peak oxygen uptake (% VO2peak), and oxygen uptake reserve (% VO2R) in Chinese children and youth. Forty-nine Chinese children and youth were studied at rest and during a graded maximal exercise test on treadmill. Resting, submaximal and peak HR and VO2 were collected. Regression analyses were conducted to investigate the associations between the various forms of HR and VO2 measures. The equivalency between %HRR and % VO2R for adults was examined for children using data obtained in this study. Results indicated that all regression lines between HR measures and VO2 measures were significantly different from the line of identity (p < .05), except the regression line for %HRR versus %VO2 peak in boys. The equivalency between % VO2R and % HRR for adults was not demonstrated in children and adolescents in this study. In contrast, %HRR was more closely equivalent to % VO2 peak. Because a strong linear relationship was found between HR and VO2, HR measures, in terms of either %HRmax or %HRR, would still be a practical variable for prescribing appropriate exercise intensity for children and adolescents. Unlike results found for adults, a given % HRR in children and youth was not equivalent to its corresponding % VO2R.  相似文献