Piagetian structuralism and learning: Reflections on two decades of educational application     

James E. Johnson  Frank H. Hooper 《Contemporary educational psychology》1982,7(3):217-237

In light of salient measurement and evaluation issues a content analysis approach was chosen to assess the value and problem of applying Piagetian theory to early childhood education. Focal changes in implementation were analyzed with emphasis upon the so-called unique contributions of the theory to teaching goals, beliefs, understandings, and practices. Structuralism was compared favorably with learning theory in providing a conceptual basis for educational application. The inherently dialectical nature of Piaget's views of knowledge presents an intuitively appealing albeit conceptually and methodologically abstract approach to educational innovation. It was concluded that applying Piagetian theory to education, in agreement with these special developmental dynamics, involves an interactively changing theory and data base as teachers and children develop over time.  相似文献   

Technology at Washington University School of Medicine Library: BACS, PHILSOM, and OCTANET     

S Crawford  M F Johnson  E A Kelly 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1983,71(3):324-327

A brief overview of the Bibliographic Access and Control System developed by the Washington University School of Medicine Library is presented. Because the system has been described in two previous reports, this paper focuses on its relationship to other automated programs (i.e., PHILSOM and OCTANET), education of users, evaluation of the system, and outreach to the medical center. In operation for more than two years, BACS represents the computerization of much of the managerial and operational functions of the library, and marks the completion of stage 1 of the three stages of library evolution described in the AAMC report Academic Information in the Academic Health Sciences Center: Roles for the Library in Information Management.  相似文献   

Federal support of basic research: Some economic issues     

Harry G. Johnson 《Minerva》1965,3(4):500-514

Summary There is no necessary connection between leadership in basic science and leadership in the applications of science, because scientific progress is a cooperative endeavour and not a competitive game; indeed, there may be a conflict between basic research and applied science. The notion of a position of leadership; in science raises questions of what leadership consists in and what its value is to the nation. The two main arguments for government support of science are cultural-social, and economic. The cultural-social argument stresses scientific activity as a form of social consumption of wealth and raises the question of whether other uses of the resources employed would contribute more to the greatness of the society. The economic argument stresses basic scientific research as a form of investment for the future, and raises the questions of what the rate of return on such investment is and whether and to what extent government support is called for. Relevant economic research results bearing on this problem are scarce. Economic theory suggests that competition in the market will supply less than the optimal amount of basic research; but our society substantially supplements the market through private contributions to and government support of science, and the question is whether this supplementation is deficient or excessive. Here difficult problems arise, on which more economic research is needed; one of these concerns the relative merits of government and private support of science. The rule-of-thumb procedures generally recommended for determining the volume and allocation of government support to basic scientific research generally ignore these problems, and amount to endorsing the present level of government support or recommending that it be increased. Allocation of federal support of science should take account of the possibility of stimulating the economic development of poor regions of the country by locating scientific research facilities in them.  相似文献   

BCQ     

Susan Moore Johnson 《Journal of Educational Change》2006,7(1-2):97-98

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OCTANET--an electronic library network: I. Design and development     

M F Johnson  R B Pride 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1983,71(2):184-191

The design and development of the OCTANET system for networking among medical libraries in the midcontinental region is described. This system's features and configuration may be attributed, at least in part, to normal evolution of technology in library networking, remote access to computers, and development of machine-readable data bases. Current functions and services of the system are outlined and implications for future developments in computer-based networking are discussed.  相似文献   

The open air school movement in Sheffield     

Turner DA 《History of education》1972,1(1):58-80

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Managerial and Technical Aspects of Educational Program Evaluation     

Mauritz Johnson 《Educational theory》1974,24(4):374-385

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An essay on incarcerated youth: an oppressed group.     

J L Johnson 《Exceptional children》1979,45(7):566-571

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The locus of value judgements in educational program evaluation     

Mauritz Johnson 《Studies in Educational Evaluation》1979,5(2):109-122

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Effects of cooperative vs individualistic learning experiences on interpersonal attraction between learning-disabled and normal-progress elementary school students     

Barbara Armstrong  David W. Johnson  Bruce Balow 《Contemporary educational psychology》1981,6(2):102-109

The effects of cooperative and individualistic learning experiences were compared on (1) interpersonal attraction between nonhandicapped fifth- and sixth-grade elementary school students and learning-disabled peers and (2) achievement. Students participated in a language arts class lasting 90 min a day for 17 days. The results indicate that greater interpersonal attraction between the learning-disabled and normal-progress students and higher achievement resulted in the cooperative than in the competitive condition.  相似文献