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The performance of a transversal filter as an equalizer varies widely depending on the sampling rate of the received signal. A conventional linear synchronous equalizer suffers from aliasing effects;its performance is very sensitive to receiver sampler phase. It is pointed out that a fractionally spaced equalizer is superior in performance with respect to both the problems. It can also synthesize the optimum linear receiver structure in one transversal filter.Two other problems common with all high data rate transmission schemes are channel fluctuation and sampler phase jittering (SPJ) at the receiver. It is shown that fractionally spaced (FS) equalizers can be more robust in the system performance with respect to SPJ than conventional synchronous equalizers. It can also be guided to achieve some kind of inverse filtering of the channel which gives robustness with respect to channel fluctuations;two different types of anti-Nyquist distortions are considered in this context in order to demonstrate such robustness. 相似文献
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Shimul C. Saha Andrew M. Powl B. A. Wallace Maurits R. R. de Planque Hywel Morgan 《Biomicrofluidics》2015,9(1)
We describe a scalable artificial bilayer lipid membrane platform for rapid electrophysiological screening of ion channels and transporters. A passive pumping method is used to flow microliter volumes of ligand solution across a suspended bilayer within a microfluidic chip. Bilayers are stable at flow rates up to ∼0.5 μl/min. Phospholipid bilayers are formed across a photolithographically defined aperture made in a dry film resist within the microfluidic chip. Bilayers are stable for many days and the low shunt capacitance of the thin film support gives low-noise high-quality single ion channel recording. Dose-dependent transient blocking of α-hemolysin with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and polyethylene glycol is demonstrated and dose-dependent blocking studies of the KcsA potassium channel with tetraethylammonium show the potential for determining IC50 values. The assays are fast (30 min for a complete IC50 curve) and simple and require very small amounts of compounds (100 μg in 15 μl). The technology can be scaled so that multiple bilayers can be addressed, providing a screening platform for ion channels, transporters, and nanopores. 相似文献