“The total woman:”; The rhetoric of completion     

Martha Solomon 《Communication Studies》2013,64(2):74-84

The success of Marabel Morgan's Total Woman indicate its rhetorical effectiveness despite its substantive flaws. This article argues that the book's strong appeal to readers stems from: (1) its promise of fulfillment if woman expiate the guilt they bear for marital discord by self sacrifice; (2) its reinforcement of readers perceptions of themselves and their husbands; and (3) its emphasis on the power of “Total Women”; and its encouragement of sexual fantasy and play. These strategies produce a persuasive message which plays on readers’ concerns for their marriages, offers an alternative to the self consciousness urged by feminists and permits women to fulfill comfortable stereotypes yet experience the power and sexual freedom promised by liberationists. For readers with troubled marriages Morgan provides an alluringly simple, emotionally attractive answer to complex questions. Her message is rhetorically effective even if intellectually weak and psychologically misleading.  相似文献   

Autobiographies as rhetorical narratives: Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Anna Howard Shaw as “new women”     

Martha Solomon 《Communication Studies》2013,64(4):354-370

Using the life stories of two leaders of the woman's suffrage movement, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Anna Howard Shaw, this essay explores the role of autobiographies in social movements. Theoretically, the essay argues that as sustained narratives, autobiographies offer two distinctive rhetorical resources for their authors: the potential to depict the emergence of belief s from experiences and the ability to enact the doctrine. Second, the essay argues that the characteristic features of autobiography enhance the persuasive force of this depiction and enactment. In essence, the essay suggests that autobiographies can complement and supplement formal public arguments for a movement in distinctive ways.  相似文献   

The Works of Orrin Dunlap     

Julien Caunter  Stanley J. Solomon  Jerry Lewis  William Bayer  Alan Rosenthal 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(4):4-6

Julien Caunter's How to Make Movie Magic in Amateur Films (Philadelphia: Chilton Books, 1971---price not known)

Stanley J. Solomon The Film Idea (New York: Harcourt, Brace, Javanovich, March 1972---$4.95 paper)

Jerry Lewis' The Total Filmmaker (New York: Random House, 1971---$6.95)

William Bayer's Breaking Through, Selling Out, Dropping Dead, and Other Notes on Film Making (New York: Macmillan, 1971---$5.95)

Alan Rosenthal (ed.) The New Documentary in Action: A Casebook in Film Making (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971---$11.95)  相似文献   

Jakob Leupold's Imaginary Automatic Anamorphic Devices of 1713     

Bennett Gilbert 《Media History》2013,19(2):127-144

In 1713, the scientific instrument-maker Jakob Leupold published designs for three machines were the first attempt to design machinery with internal moving parts that replaced human agency in creating original images. This paper first analyzes his text and engravings in order to explain how he proposed to do this, given contemporary materials and command of physical forces. Next, it characterizes the devices as a transition from concepts of incision to concepts of mirroring, taken as models of the history of mechanical reproduction. And finally, Leupold’s replacement of the sighting grid with differential gears points to a set of problems appearing in contemporary philosophy represented in Rococo artistic production of this period as well. Taking the proposed devices in context, they help to theorize the complex notions of creative activity in Rococo visual culture. Taken as an episode in the history of communications, they instance the development of conceptions of personhood and of physical forces at stake in the invention of automated media.  相似文献   

The Inter-relationship of Science and Religion: A typology of engagement     

Pam Hanley  Judith Bennett  Mary Ratcliffe 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(7):1210-1229

This study explores whether the religious background of students affects their opinions about and attitudes to engaging with scientific explanations of the origins of the universe and of life. The study took place in four English secondary schools representing three different contexts (Christian faith-based; non-faith with majority Muslim catchment; and non-faith, mixed catchment). It comprised questionnaires and focus groups with over 200 students aged 14–16, supplemented by teacher interviews. The analysis approach was informed by grounded theory and resulted in the development of an engagement typology, which has been set in the context of the cross-cultural border crossing literature. It divides students into categories depending on both the nature and amount of engagement they were prepared to have with the relationship between science and religion. The model takes into account where students sit on four dimensions. These assess whether a student's preferred knowledge base is belief-based or fact-based; their tolerance of uncertainty (do they have a need for resolution?); their open mindedness (are they unquestioning or inquiring?); and whether they conceptualise science and religion as being in conflict or harmony. Many Muslim students resisted engagement because of conflicting religious beliefs. Teachers did not always appreciate the extent to which this topic troubled some students who needed help to accommodate clashes between science and their religious beliefs. It is suggested that increased appreciation of the complexity represented by their students can guide a teacher towards an appropriate approach when covering potentially sensitive topics such as the theory of evolution.  相似文献   

Passive visitors or independent explorers: Responses of pupils with severe learning difficulties at an Interactive Science Centre     

Helen Brooke  Joan Solomon 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(9):941-953

In previous work with mainstream students in a small Interactive Science Centre it was shown that curiosity, followed by identification of cause and effect, were essential for moving on from playing to intentional investigation and so to learning. Here we report studies of students with severe learning difficulties and show that they could, under appropriate conditions, display impressive concentration and curiosity, and often appeared to achieve valuable learning. The paper concludes by describing some of the dilemmas that may arise in developing these kinds of activities for special education.  相似文献   

Response to ‘Assessment of Practical Work in Ireland: A critique’ by P. Matthews and P. McKenna     

Declan Kennedy  Judith Bennett 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(10):1225-1227

We welcome all constructive contributions to the debate on the assessment of practical work in Ireland, and offer a number of comments in relation to the points raise by Matthews and McKenna.  相似文献   

A bibliometric analysis of academic publication and NIH funding     

Jiansheng Yang  Michael W. Vannier  Fang Wang  Yan Deng  Fengrong Ou  James Bennett  Yang Liu  Ge Wang 《Journal of Informetrics》2013,7(2):318-324

Academic productivity and research funding have been hot topics in biomedical research. While publications and their citations are popular indicators of academic productivity, there has been no rigorous way to quantify co-authors’ relative contributions. This has seriously compromised quantitative studies on the relationship between academic productivity and research funding. Here we apply an axiomatic approach and associated bibliometric measures to revisit a recent study by Ginther et al. (Ginther et al., 2011a, Ginther et al., 2011b) in which the probability of receiving a U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01 award was analyzed with respect to the applicant's race/ethnicity. Our results provide new insight and suggest that there is no significant racial bias in the NIH review process, in contrast to the conclusion from the study by D. K. Ginther et al. Our axiomatic approach has a potential to be widely used for scientific assessment and management.  相似文献   

A longitudinal comparison of citation rates and growth among open access journals     

David J. Solomon  Mikael Laakso  Bo-Christer Björk 《Journal of Informetrics》2013,7(3):642-650

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The Relationship of Self-Rating and Classmate Rating on Personality Traits     

Margaret J. Drake  Sydney Roslow  George K. Bennett 《Journal of Experimental Education》2013,81(3):210-213

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