Regeneration of Red Cell Cholinesterase Activity Following Pralidoxime (2-PAM) Infusion in First 24 h in Organophosphate Poisoned Patients     

Parul Goel  Nidhi Gupta  Surjit Singh  Ashish Bhalla  Navneet Sharma  K. D. Gill 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2012,27(1):34-39

Oximes such as pralidoxime chloride reactivate acetylcholinesterase. However their role in management of organophosphate poisoning is controversial. The study was carried out to find effectiveness of pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM) in regenerating red cell acetyl cholinesterase in first 24 h following administration of it in dose recommended by WHO. Eight patients with OPP [chlorpyriphos (3), phorate (3), dichlorvos (1) and monocrotophos (1) who fulfilled the criteria for inclusion were investigated. In addition to decontamination and atropine, all these patients were administered 30 mg/kg body wt of 2-PAM as bolus dose followed by 7.5 mg/kg body wt/h with maximum dose being 500 mg/h as continuous infusion till first 24 h. Red cell AChE activity was estimated every 15 min for first 4 h, one hourly for next 4 h and then 2 hourly till 24 h and subsequently without 2-PAM every 12 h till 7 days or discharge or death which ever earlier. In all the patients maximum increase in activity was observed in first 4 h following which rise was very slow despite continued 2-PAM infusion and reaching a steady state in 20 h in all the cases. The increase in red cell AChE activity observed in diethyl group at 24 h of 2-PAM infusion was 154% vs. 81% in dimethyl group. At 7 days the increase in activity was 215% vs. 118% respectively. However on multiple repeated ANOVA, no statistically significant difference was observed between diethyl and dimethyl groups at admission and discharge (P > 0.05). Similarly no significant difference was observed in three groups when patients were categorized according to WHO classification of organophosphates (P > 0.05). The maximum increase in red cell AChE activity occurs in first 4 h of 2-PAM administration followed by a slow increase despite 2-PAM infusion till 24 h.  相似文献   

Biochemical Indicator of Sickle Cell Disease: Preliminary Report from India     

S. Pandey  A. Sharma  S. Dahia  V. Shah  V. Sharma  R. M. Mishra  Sw. Pandey  R. Saxena 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2012,27(2):191-195

Blood biochemistry has significant effect on pathophysiology of human body. Recently few studies found the association of biochemical abnormalities in sickle cell patients. Sickle cell disease showed clinical variability where African ancestors have severe phenotype than Indian sicklers. Our aim was to evaluate the biochemicals in sickle cell patients and their effect on severity. Here we present the comparative biochemical levels in sickle cell patients as well as controls. Sickle cell patients diagnosed by HPLC and biochemical analysis done by Beckman-auto analyzer. T test applied for statistical analysis. Result showed the renal abnormality lesser in patients and related biochemical within the normal range and statistically not significant. Electrolytes, hepatic enzymes, alkaline phosphatase and glucose were elevated and statistically significant (P value <0.05). Observation of the study concludes the biochemical abnormality play a significant role in sickle cell patient’s physiopathology and can be used to management of the disease.  相似文献   

Silver Nano Particles Prevent Platelet Adhesion on Immobilized Fibrinogen     

Debapriya Bandyopadhyay  Haren Baruah  Bharat Gupta  Shailja Sharma 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2012,27(2):164-170

Vascular thrombotic disorders have emerged as a serious threat to our society. Platelet adhesion to fibrinogen, collagen and other platelet activators exposed over the atherosclerotic plaques can trigger platelet signaling events, activate platelets and lead to thrombotic events. Since anticoagulant and thrombolytic treatment strategies are usually associated with serious bleeding complications, preventing platelets adhesion may help to maintain platelets in an inactive state. In this study we tried to find out the effect of Silver nanoparticles, through their interaction with various platelet surface integrins on platelet adhesion on immobilized fibrinogen. Platelets, isolated from anti-coagulated human whole blood sample from healthy donors, were suspended in physiological buffer and each sample was divided into four tubes. In three of them 0.05, 0.5, and 5 μM concentrations of Silver nanoparticles were added, fourth tube served as control. Platelet adhesion on immobilized fibrinogen matrices and integrin mediated cell signaling events were studied in all the four samples. In the present study we show that nanosilver prevent platelet adhesion without conferring any lytic effect on them and effectively prevents integrin-mediated platelet responses in a concentration-dependent manner.  相似文献   

Recontextualization of Science from Lab to School: Implications for Science Literacy     

Ajay Sharma  Charles W. Anderson 《Science & Education》2009,18(9):1253-1275

Scientists’ science differs remarkably from school science. In order to be taught to students, science is recontextualized from scientific research communities to science classrooms. This paper examines scientific discourse in scientific research communities, and discusses its transformation from an internally-persuasive and authoritative discourse to a purely authoritative discourse under recontextualization. It presents the challenges that recontextualization of science poses for achievement of science literacy goals, and discusses remedial steps that science education community can take to meet them.  相似文献   

Malabsorption,Orocecal Transit Time and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Connection     

S. V. Rana  Aastha Malik  Sanjay K. Bhadada  Naresh Sachdeva  Rajesh Kumar Morya  Gaurav Sharma 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2017,32(1):84-89

Type 2 diabetes mellitus consists of dysfunctions characterized by hyperglycemia and resulting from combination of resistance to insulin action and inadequate insulin secretion. Most of diabetic patients report significant gastrointestinal symptoms. Entire GI tract can be affected by diabetes from oral cavity to large bowel and anorectal region. Proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and most fluids are absorbed in small intestine. Malabsorption may occurs when proper absorption of nutrients does not take place due to bacterial overgrowth or altered gut motility. The present study was planned to measure various malabsorption parameters in type 2 diabetic patients. 175 patients and 175 age and sex matched healthy controls attending Endocrinology Clinic in PGI, Chandigarh were enrolled. Lactose intolerance was measured by using non-invasive lactose hydrogen breath test. Urinary d-xylose and fecal fat were estimated using standard methods. Orocecal transit time and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth were measured using non-invasive lactulose and glucose breath test respectively. Out of 175 diabetic patients enrolled, 87 were males while among 175 healthy subjects 88 were males. SIBO was observed in 14.8 % type 2 diabetic patients and in 2.8 % of controls. There was statistically significant increase (p < 0.002) in OCTT in type 2 diabetic patients compared with controls. OCTT was observed to be more delayed (p < 0.003) in patients who were found to have SIBO than in patients without SIBO. Lactose intolerance was observed in 60 % diabetic patients and 39.4 % in controls. Urinary d-xylose levels were also lower in case of diabetic patients but no significant difference was found in 72 h fecal fat excretion among diabetic patients and controls. Urinary d-xylose and lactose intolerance in SIBO positive type 2 diabetic patients was more severe as compared to SIBO negative diabetic patients. From this study we can conclude that delayed OCTT may have led to SIBO which may have instigated the process of malabsorption among type 2 diabetic patients.  相似文献   

Lead Poisoning Due to Herbal Medications     

Shailja Chambial  Pankaj Bhardwaj  Abbas Ali Mahdi  Praveen Sharma 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2017,32(2):246-247

Lead ranks as one of the most serious environmental poisons all over the world amongst toxic heavy metals with no known biological function useful for the human body. A case of lead toxicity due to consumption of herbal medicine is being discussed. The case presented with gastrointestinal complaints and history of intake of herbal medicines for diabetes control for past 8 months. The analysis of the powdered herbal medicine procured from ayurveda practitioner was found to have high content of lead responsible for the lead toxicity. The patient is under regular followup. He has improved symptomatically on chelating therapy and blood lead levels have gradually improved. Regular awareness programs should be conducted in the population regarding possible exposure through home made herbal remedies so that general public can be made aware of the dangerous side effects of lead and other heavy metals on health.  相似文献   

Prospects of Molecular Biotechnology in Diagnostics: Step Towards Precision Medicine     

Praveen Sharma  Shailendra Dwivedi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2017,32(2):121-123

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Erratum to: Linear Analysis of Autonomic Activity and Its Correlation with Creatine Kinase-MB in Overt Thyroid Dysfunctions     

Manisha Mavai  Yogendra Raj Singh  R. C. Gupta  Sandeep K. Mathur  Bharti Bhandari 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2018,33(2):229-230

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The mystery of the quantum world : By Euan Squires. Pp. 170. Adam Hilger, Bristol. 1986. Cased £18.95, Paperback £8.95     

C. S. Sharma 《Endeavour》1986,10(4)

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Technology, Pedagogy, and Epistemology: Opportunities and Challenges of Using Computer Modeling and Simulation Tools in Elementary Science Methods     

Christina V. Schwarz  Jason Meyer  Ajay Sharma 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2007,18(2):243-269

   This study infused computer modeling and simulation tools in a 1-semester undergraduate elementary science methods course to advance preservice teachers’ understandings of computer software use in science teaching and to help them learn important aspects of pedagogy and epistemology. Preservice teachers used computer modeling and simulation tools within their own science investigations; discussed general technology issues; and explored, evaluated, and taught their peers about a particular modeling tool. Preservice teachers expanded their vision of the software available and the role that software can play in science teaching, but desired fun, easy-to-use software with scientifically accurate information within a clear, familiar learning task. Such conflict provided a fruitful platform for discussion and for potentially advancing preservice teachers’ pedagogical and epistemological understandings.

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Christina V. SchwarzEmail:

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