试述利用高中和标准化考试成绩确定大学申请学生的合格性──美国加州大学的经验与启示     

常桐善 《考试研究》2008,(3):115-127

本文以美国加州大学的招生实践为基础,分析高中成绩和标准化入学考试分数对大学一年级成绩的预测效度,以及它们在评定大学申请学生合格性中的作用,同时也阐述了加州大学利用这两种成绩确定申请学生合格性方法的问题与面临的挑战。研究表明,高中成绩对大学一年级成绩的预测效度高于标准化考试(SATI)。但高中成绩主要反映了学生掌握高中知识的程度,而标准化考试成绩则侧重于体现学生的认知能力。合理结合、使用这两种成绩对学生的知识和能力进行评价,将会使大学招生更为科学公允。  相似文献   

用传感技术改造汽车的点火及配气系统     

曹智斌 《岳阳职业技术学院学报》2004,19(4):103-104

传感技术在高速发展时汽车工业中有广泛的应用，如发动机点火正时，配气系统，防抱总制的系统的控制，汽车电气装置等、可以预见，传感技术在汽车上应用具有广阔的前景。  相似文献   

Communication disorders in the school: Perspectives on academic and social success an introduction     

Karen L. Thatcher  Kathryn Fletcher  Blair Decker 《Psychology in the schools》2008,45(7):579-581

The critical role of communication in schools cannot be understated. Communication skills are a necessity both in the academic and social atmosphere of the school environment. Unfortunately, there are a large number of children in the schools today identified with speech and language disorders. This special edition of Psychology in the Schools examined issues that impact the academic and social functioning of such children. Several articles are focused on potential early intervention strategies or services surrounding literacy and social skills that may enhance the success of children with communication disorders and/or at risk for communication disorders (e.g., Chapman, Denning, & Jamison, 2008; Thatcher & Fletcher, 2008; van Kleeck, 2008). Two other articles tackle promising strategies that may be used in academic settings with children who stutter (Logan, Mullins, & Jones, 2008) or with children with cognitive impairments (Gillette & DePompei, 2008). Despite promising avenues of intervention and practice, there are also barriers to providing instruction to children with communication disorders in a regular classroom (Pufpaff, 2008). Each article provides insight into the importance of communication skills for academic and social success in the schools. The key to the success of children with or at risk for communication is for all school personnel to be aware of and proactive with children with communication disorders. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

No one way: Differentiating school district leadership and support for school improvement     

Stephen E. Anderson  Blair Mascall  Suzanne Stiegelbauer  Jaddon Park 《Journal of Educational Change》2012,13(4):403-430

This article examines findings from a qualitative investigation of how school district administrators in four mid to large sized urban school districts (10,000–50,000) identify and address differences in school performance. The analysis explores the interaction between district policies and actions that centralize and standardize expectations for teaching, learning, and leadership, and those that lead to the differentiation of district support to schools depending upon their identified needs. The findings demonstrate variability in district orientation and capacity to understand school needs to improve performance, as well as in district strategies for actually differentiating support to schools. Differentiated assistance can focus both on strengthening implementation of district expectations in order to improve school performance, and on supporting experimentation with non-standard solutions to performance challenges that are not solvable through use of established programs and practices.  相似文献   

西部矿产资源分析与政策探讨     

曹禹  孙毅 《河北能源职业技术学院学报》2006,6(3):11-14,20

当今世界面临着人口、资源与环境三大热点问题,要使资源、生态环境与社会经济发展相协调,选择可持续发展的道路已成为世界各国的共识.本文通过研究西部矿产资源的环境承载力,应用环境承载力的综合量化模型,构建西部地区环境承载力评价指标体系,对2010年西部矿产资源的承载力指标数值进行了预测,提出西部矿产资源相应的开发战略和政策建议.  相似文献   

Detecting bouts of physical activity in a field setting.     

L C Masse  J E Fulton  K L Watson  K C Heesch  H W Kohl  S N Blair  S R Tortolero 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》1999,70(3):212-219

The purposes of this study were to assess the TRITRAC and CSA for: (a) interaccelerometer agreement; (b) agreement in detecting patterns of moderate-intensity physical activity; and (c) agreement in detecting walking patterns recorded in a diary. Thirty-one women wore both the TRITRAC and CSA accelerometers for three consecutive days. Interaccelerometer agreement (measured with generalizability coefficients) ranged from .88 to .99. In total, 71.3% of the accelerometers' patterns agreed in length, with CSA patterns being on average significantly longer. Interaccelerometer agreement in detecting patterns of brisk walking, as recorded in a diary, was comparable (69.4%). Interaccelerometer discrepancies may be related in part to the threshold employed by each instrument for classifying moderate intensity patterns.  相似文献   

Is salivary cortisol moderating the relationship between salivary testosterone and hand-grip strength in healthy men?     

Blair T. Crewther  Andrew G. Thomas  Steve Stewart-Williams  Liam P. Kilduff  Christian J. Cook 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(2):188-194

This study examined the moderating effect of cortisol (C) on the relationship between testosterone (T) and hand-grip strength (HGS) in healthy young men. Sixty-five males were monitored for salivary T, C and HGS before and 15?min after a short bout (5?×?6-s trials) of sprint cycling exercise. Sprint exercise promoted (p?<?.05) positive changes in T (6.1?±?24.9%) and HGS (3.4?±?7.5%), but a negative C response (?14.4?±?33.1%). The T and C measures did not independently predict HGS, but a significant T?×?C interaction was found in relation to these outcomes. Further testing revealed that pre-test T and HGS were negatively associated (p?<?.05), but only in men with high C levels. The exercise changes in T and HGS were also negatively related in men with low C levels (p?<?.05), but no relationship was seen in men with high C levels. In summary, complex relationships between T and HGS emerged when considering C as a moderating variable. The pre-test combination of high C and low T levels favoured absolute HGS, whereas low pre-test C levels and a smaller T change were linked to larger HGS changes. These associations suggest that, in the current format, T is not necessarily anabolic to muscle strength in healthy young men. Such complexities could also explain some of the inconsistent T relationships with physical performance in lesser trained male populations.  相似文献   

Construct validity evidence for single-response items to estimate physical activity levels in large sample studies   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jackson AW  Morrow JR  Bowles HR  FitzGerald SJ  Blair SN 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2007,78(2):24-31

Valid measurement of physical activity is important for studying the risks for morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to examine evidence of construct validity of two similar single-response items assessing physical activity via self-report. Both items are based on the stages of change model. The sample was 687 participants (men = 504, women = 183) who completed an 8-response (PA8) or 5-response (PA5) single-response item about current level of physical activity. Responses were categorized as meeting or not meeting guidelines for sufficient physical activity to achieve a health benefit. Maximal cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and health markers were obtained during a clinical examination. Partial correlation, multivariate analysis of covariance, and logistic regression were used to identify the relations between self-reported physical activity, CRF, and health markers when controlling for gender and age. Single-response items were compared to a detailed measure of physical activity. Single-response items correlated significantly with CRF determined with a maximal exercise test on a treadmill (PA8 = .53; PA5 = .57). Differences in percentage of body fat and cholesterol were in the desired direction, with those self-reporting sufficient physical activity for a health benefit having the lower values. The single-response items demonstrated evidence of construct validity and may provide feasible, cost-effective, and efficient methods to assess physical activity in large-scale studies.  相似文献