The increasingly important role of science competency beliefs for science learning in girls          下载免费PDF全文

Paulette Vincent‐Ruz  Christian D. Schunn 《科学教学研究杂志》2017,54(6):790-822

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Mapping the quality assurance of teaching and learning in higher education: the emergence of a specialty?     

Isabel Steinhardt  Christian Schneijderberg  Nicolai Götze  Janosch Baumann  Georg Krücken 《Higher Education》2017,74(2):221-237

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The support group approach in the Dutch KiVa anti-bullying programme: effects on victimisation,defending and well-being at school     

Rozemarijn van der Ploeg  Christian Steglich  René Veenstra 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2016,58(3):221-236

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Advocacy for gender minority students: recommendations for school counsellors     

Jack D. Simons  Matthew J. Beck  Nancy R. Asplund  Christian D. Chan  Rebekah Byrd 《Sex education》2018,18(4):464-478

Abstract

Research shows that teachers’ and educators’ responses to gender diversity issues in schools either improves or limits the experiences of students. The school counsellor has an important role to play in this process by working closely with other stakeholders to advocate for transgender, intersex and genderqueer (TIG) students. Following a review of recent developments in the USA, recommendations are made and resources identified to assist school counsellors in validating TIG students, and improving school systems in pursuit of their academic, social and emotional success.  相似文献   

Learned suppression of photopositive tendencies in<Emphasis Type="Italic">Drosophila melanogaster</Emphasis>     

éric?Le?BourgEmail author  Christian?Buecher 《Learning & behavior》2002,30(4):330-341

A task was designed to teach individual flies to avoid a lighted area after they had displayed an initial preference for it. The flies walked in a T-maze and chose between a lighted and a darkened alley leading, respectively, to a lighted and a darkened vial. Flies that were photopositive on a first trial were subjected to an aversive stimulus (a filter paper inserted into the lighted vial and wetted with a quinine solution), and they performed 16 training trials; they learned to avoid the lighted vial. The flies trained with water instead of quinine in the lighted vial still displayed avoidance of the lighted vial, but to a lesser extent. The flies trained with a dry filter paper in the lighted vial did not show any increase in avoidance during training. Like the flies trained with no quinine at all, those trained to avoid the lighted vial under a partial reinforcement condition (one half of the trials with quinine, the other half with a dry vial) did not master the task. Finally, removal of the quinine after an avoidance acquisition criterion was reached resulted in an extinction process.  相似文献   

Content analysis in empirical social research   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Wilfried  Christian   《International Journal of Educational Research》1999,31(8)

An overview of the development of empirical content analysis is presented. Its development relevant to educational research from classical to computer-aided content analysis is traced. The history of hermeneutic text interpretation is included as well as the early developments in the analysis of manifest content of communication. The controversy between quantitative and qualitative schools of research is discussed. A theoretically grounded, practicable model of content analysis is introduced, which fulfills the criteria of empirical social research.  相似文献   

Maltreatment following reunification: Predictors of subsequent Child Protective Services contact after children return home     

Christian M. Connell  Jeffrey J. Vanderploeg  Karol H. Katz  Colleen Caron  Leon Saunders  Jacob Kraemer Tebes 《Child abuse & neglect》2009,33(4):218-228

ObjectivesThis study examined risk of maltreatment among children exiting foster care using a statewide sample of children reunified between 2001 and 2004 in Rhode Island. The objectives were: (1) to compare rates of maltreatment following parental reunification for youth in care as a result of maltreatment with those in care for other reasons; and (2) to assess the effects of child, family, and case characteristics on rates of re-maltreatment among children placed in foster care due to maltreatment.MethodA longitudinal dataset of all reunified cases was matched with state records of substantiated Child Protective Service (CPS) investigations. Two Cox proportional hazards models were tested. The first model compared rates of subsequent maltreatment for two groups: children in foster care as a result of maltreatment, and those in care for other reasons. The second model investigated the effects of child, family, and case characteristics on re-maltreatment rates for those in care as a result of maltreatment.ResultsChildren in foster care due to maltreatment were significantly more likely to be maltreated following reunification. Among children in foster care due to maltreatment, factors that raised risk for re-maltreatment included a previous foster care placement, exiting care from a non-relative foster home, and removal due to neglect. Older adolescents had lower rates of re-maltreatment than infants. Child neglect was the primary type of recurrent maltreatment that occurred following reunification.ConclusionsSupports are needed for families about to be reunified, particularly when the removal was prompted by incidents of abuse or neglect. Incidents of neglect are particularly likely and appropriate services should specifically target factors contributing to neglect. Cases involving youth with a history of repeated foster care placement or in which non-relative placements are utilized may need additional supports.Practice implicationsThis study suggests that services should be developed to minimize the risk for recurrent maltreatment following reunification. Services would be most useful for high-risk cases prior to reunification and during the first year following reunification. Understanding the risks associated with maltreatment will help guide development of appropriate interventions.  相似文献   

FHStG und Legalitätsprinzip     

Christian Butschek 《Zeitschrift für Hochschulrecht, Hochschulmanagement und Hochschulpolitik: zfhr》2010,9(5):140-150

Die fachhochschulische Praxis steht erfahrungsgemäß vor dem Problem, dass sie bei der Wahrnehmung ihrer Aufgaben auf nur ganz wenige gesetzliche Vorschriften zurückgreifen kann; selbst diese sind teilweise unklar formuliert. Zwar ist bestimmten Organen die Entscheidung über subjektiv-öffentliche Rechte zugewiesen; deren Inhalt ist jedoch unbestimmt geblieben. Angesichts dieses Zustands der Rechtsunsicherheit erscheint es angezeigt, Teile des FHStG auf ihre Verfassungskonformität, insb auf ihre Übereinstimmung mit dem Legalitätsprinzip, zu überprüfen, und zwar vor allem nach der für die Praxis ausschlaggebenden Judikatur des VfGH. Nach derselben wird auch geprüft, ob das FHStG – wie in der Literatur vertreten – ein "Planungsgesetz" ist. Weiters werden Vorschläge für eine Präzisierung des FHStG im Zuge einer früher oder später anstehenden Novellierung gemacht.  相似文献   

Die belgische Quotenregelung und das Urteil des Gerichtshofs in der Rechtssache Bressol     

Christian Ruhs 《Zeitschrift für Hochschulrecht, Hochschulmanagement und Hochschulpolitik: zfhr》2010,9(4):99-112

Der nachfolgende Beitrag analysiert das Urteil über die belgische Quotenregelung, das der Gerichtshof der Europäischen Union in der Rechtssache Bressol gefällt hat. Die Quotenregelung kann, dem Urteil zufolge, zum Schutz der öffentlichen Gesundheit gerechtfertigt werden. Die Kriterien der Erforderlichkeit, Eignung und Verhältnismäßigkeit sind auf der Grundlage der Vorgaben des Gerichtshofs, durch das Vorlagegericht zu beurteilen. Der nachfolgende Beitrag kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass sich diese Vorgaben aus einer Mischung aus sehr strengen und diese wieder aufweichenden Maßstäben zusammensetzen, die, bei strikter Betrachtung, schwer zu erfüllen sind, offenbar aber den nationalen Gerichten einen Entscheidungsspielraum einräumen sollen, der zu einer für die betroffenen Mitgliedstaaten politisch akzeptablen Lösung führt. Das "Recht auf Bildung" nach Art 14 des Internationalen Paktes über die wirtschaftlichen, sozialen und kulturellen Rechte, wurde vom Gerichtshof nicht ausreichend differenziert behandelt und im Ergebnis fehlerhaft beurteilt.  相似文献   

Behavioral and neurophysiological effects of morphological awareness training on spelling and reading     

Silvana Weiss  Roland H. Grabner  Reinhard Kargl  Christian Purgstaller  Andreas Fink 《Reading and writing》2010,23(6):645-671

Behavioral and neurophysiological effects of a computer-aided morphological training protocol were examined in German-speaking children from Grades 3 to 9. Study 1 compared morphological awareness, reading, and spelling skills of 34 trained children with an untrained control group of 34 children matched for age, sex, and intelligence. All participants in the training group showed increases in morphological awareness, but only students from secondary school improved significantly in reading and spelling competences. In Study 2, a subsample of 8 trained children with poor spelling and reading abilities and 10 untrained children with higher language competencies underwent an electroencephalography testing involving three different language tasks. The training resulted in decreased theta-activity and increased activity in lower (7–10 Hz) and upper alpha (10–13 Hz). These findings reflect more effortful and attention-demanding processing after the training and suggest that children with poor spelling and reading abilities use the acquired morphological knowledge in terms of a compensatory strategy.  相似文献