Virtual Reality in Anatomy: A Pilot Study Evaluating Different Delivery Modalities     

Nicolette S. Birbara  Claude Sammut  Nalini Pather 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(4):445-457

Technologies such as virtual reality are used in higher education to develop virtual learning resources (VLRs). These VLRs can be delivered in multiple modalities, from truly immersive involving wearable devices to less immersive modalities such as desktop. However, research investigating perceptions of VLRs in anatomy has mainly focused on a single delivery modality and a limited-demographic participant cohort, warranting a comparison of different modalities and a consideration of different cohorts. This pilot study aimed to compare perceptions of highly immersive and less immersive VLR deliveries among anatomy students and tutors and evaluate the impact of prior university experience on students' perceptions of VLRs. A skull anatomy VLR was developed using the Unity^® gaming platform and participants were voluntarily recruited to assess highly immersive stereoscopic and less immersive desktop deliveries of the VLR. A validated survey tool was used to gather perceptions of both deliveries. Most participants agreed that both VLR deliveries were interesting and engaging and provided an immersive experience. Anatomy students perceived the stereoscopic delivery to be significantly more useful for understanding (P = 0.013), while anatomy tutors perceived the desktop delivery as more useful. A degree of physical discomfort and disorientation was reported by some participants for both deliveries, although to a greater extent for the stereoscopic delivery. The stereoscopic delivery was also found to be more mentally taxing than desktop delivery. These results suggest that desktop VLR delivery may minimize the risk of discomfort and disorientation associated with more immersive modalities while still providing a valuable learning experience.  相似文献   

Injury rate,mechanism, and risk factors of hamstring strain injuries in sports: A review of the literature     

Hui Liu  William E. Garrett  Claude T. Moorman  Bing Yu 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2012,1(2):92-101

Hamstring strains are one of most common sports injuries. The purpose of this literature review is to summarize studies on hamstring strain injury rate, mechanism, and risk factors in the last several decades with a focus on the prevention and rehabilitation of this injury. Hamstring injury commonly occurs in sporting events in which high speed sprinting and kicking are frequently performed, such as Australian football, English rugby, American football, and soccer. Basic science studies have demonstrated that a muscle strain injury occurs due to excessive strain in eccentric contraction instead of force, and that elongation speed and duration of activation before eccentric contraction affect the severity of the injury. Hamstring strain injury is likely to occur during the late swing phase and late stance phase of sprint running. Shortened optimum muscle length, lack of muscle flexibility, strength imbalance, insufficient warm-up, fatigue, lower back injury, poor lumbar posture, and increased muscle neural tension have been identified as modifiable risk factors while muscle compositions, age, race, and previous injuries are non-modifiable risk factors. The theoretical basis of some of these risk factors, however, is lacking, and the results of clinical studies on these risk factors are inconsistent. Future studies are needed to establish the cause-and-effect relationships between those proposed risk factors and the injury.  相似文献   

The effects of psoas major and lumbar lordosis on hip flexion and sprint performance     

Copaver K  Hertogh C  Hue O 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2012,83(2):160-167

In this study, we analyzed the correlations between hip flexion power; sprint performance, lumbar lordosis (LL) and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the psoas muscle (PM). Ten young adults performed two sprint tests and isokinetic tests to determine hip flexion power. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to determine LL and PM CSA. There were correlations between hip flexion power, sprint performance, and PM CSA, but LL showed no correlation with any parameter The impact of hip flexion power and LL on sprint stride pattern efficiency was considered. Hip flexion might not have a simple role in the passive knee replacement of the stride pattern; instead, it may be an active parameter. Other investigations are needed to determine the influence of pelvic architecture on sprint performance.  相似文献   

A note concerning the Kuhlmann‐Anderson tests     

Claude L. Nemzek 《Peabody Journal of Education》2013,88(5):238-239

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Images of Germany in American Literature by Waldemar Zacharasiewicz     

Claude Desmarais 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》2007,30(4):453-454

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The PASCAL and FRANCIS data bases of the Institut de l’Information Scientifique et Technique (France): Presentation and statistics     

Claude Patou 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1996,12(4):24-35

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Institut Superieur de Technologie: Institution of Higher Technical Education of the Grand‐Duchy of Luxemburg     

Claude Geimer 《European Journal of Engineering Education》1995,20(1):91-105

This paper gives an overview of the Institut Superieur de Technologie (Institution of Higher Technical Education of the Grand‐Duchy of Luxemburg): history, aims, courses, set‐up, external relations and R&D.  相似文献   

DEVELOPMENT AND DIVERSIFICATION OF THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FUNCTIONS OF FRENCH UNIVERSITIES     

Jean‐Claude Martin  Albertine Verdaguer 《Higher Education in Europe》1995,20(3):25-36

With special reference to the Paul Sabatier University of Toulouse, the authors trace the development of the French universities from the élitist Napoleonic institutions that they still were in the early 1960's to the mass, diversified institutions of today. They stress the importance of the events of 1968 as a major turning point which had a particularly strong impact because they occurred during a period of prosperity. Thus the wide‐scale expansion, democratization, diversification, and massification which occurred led to a positive reaction to the call for increased vocationalization and co‐operation with industry which characterized the lean years that followed. Other stimuli for change and adaptation have been modifications in the legal structure of higher education, the need to increase offerings in continuing education, policies favouring decentralization and regionalization, and the influence of European Union higher education policies. The need to provide high quality higher education in a number of areas to a very large proportion of the age cohort is understood to be a social and economic necessity. The evolution of French higher education since 1968 could offer lessons and examples to the higher education systems of eastern and central Europe in their efforts to cope with transition. The role of universities in the modern world has been greatly enhanced. Important changes have occurred in French higher education over the past twenty‐five years, the resultpartly of the adoption of new laws, of social evolution, of economic needs and challenges, and of individual initiatives undertaken and voluntary policies adopted by universities.  相似文献   

Approche du nombre par des enfants de 6 à 7 ans     

Claude Comiti 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1977,8(2):181-198

Sans résumé  相似文献   

A ��dry and wet hybrid�� lithography technique for multilevel replication templates: Applications to microfluidic neuron culture and two-phase global mixing     

Debjani Paul  Laure Saias  Jean-Cedric Pedinotti  Max Chabert  Sebastien Magnifico  Antoine Pallandre  Bertrand De Lambert  Claude Houdayer  Bernard Brugg  Jean-Michel Peyrin    Jean-Louis Viovy 《Biomicrofluidics》2011,5(2)

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