The Relation of Preschool Child-Care Quality to Children''s Cognitive and Social Developmental Trajectories through Second Grade   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

Ellen S. Peisner-Feinberg  Margaret R. Burchinal  Richard M. Clifford  Mary L. Culkin  Carollee Howes  Sharon Lynn Kagan  & Noreen Yazejian 《Child development》2001,72(5):1534-1553

The cognitive and socioemotional development of 733 children was examined longitudinally from ages 4 to 8 years as a function of the quality of their preschool experiences in community child-care centers, after adjusting for family selection factors related to child-care quality and development. These results provide evidence that child-care quality has a modest long-term effect on children's patterns of cognitive and socioemotional development at least through kindergarten, and in some cases, through second grade. Differential effects on children's development were found for two aspects of child-care quality. Observed classroom practices were related to children's language and academic skills, whereas the closeness of the teacher-child relationship was related to both cognitive and social skills, with the strongest effects for the latter. Moderating influences of family characteristics were observed for some outcomes, indicating stronger positive effects of child-care quality for children from more at-risk backgrounds. These findings contribute further evidence of the long-term influences of the quality of child-care environments on children's cognitive and social skills through the elementary school years and are consistent with a bioecological model of development that considers the multiple environmental contexts that the child experiences.  相似文献   

Parental Conceptions of School Readiness: Relation to Ethnicity,Socioeconomic Status,and Children's Skills     

Oscar A. Barbarin  Diane Early  Richard Clifford  Donna Bryant  Pamela Frome  Margaret Burchinal 《Early education and development》2013,24(5):671-701

Research Findings: This study analyzed the school readiness beliefs of parents of 452 children from public pre-kindergarten and the relations of these beliefs to socioeconomic status and children's readiness skills. Parents conceived readiness largely in terms of the ability to name objects, letters, or numbers, but few included inferential skills. Readiness beliefs were related not to socioeconomic status but to ethnicity. Readiness beliefs about the importance of independence, social competence, nominal knowledge, and inferential skills were related in expected ways to children's skills. Practice or Policy: Infrequent inclusion of inferential skills among parents' readiness beliefs may not bode well for children. Informational programs for parents about the critical role of higher order cognitive skills and ways to promote them are needed.  相似文献   

Relevance in College Instruction     

Clifford H. Edwards 《College Teaching》2013,61(4):322-325

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DEALING WITH AD/HD IN THE CLASSROOM: ONE TEACHER'S EXPERIENCE 1     

Andrea Clifford‐Poston 《Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties》2013,18(1):30-36

In this paper some of the fantasies that arise around the role of the counsellor in schools and how these fantasies, being a measure of the psychic health of the school, impact upon both the referral procedure and the counselling process, are discussed. Illustrated by case studies, ways in which teacher and counsellor are able to combine therapeutic and educational skills to challenge these fantasies and so more efficiently tackle emotionally based learning difficulties are considered. The title refers to the case of a 7 year old boy whose failure to make academic progress could be understood as an emotional refusal to take on further responsibilities of a premature adulthood.  相似文献   

Assessing a State-Mandated Institutional Accountability Program: The Perceptions of Selected Community College Leaders     

Clifford P. Harbour  Paul Nagy 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(6):445-461

ABSTRACT

In the spring of 2002 we conducted a structure-focused case study at 4 North Carolina community colleges to understand how selected senior campus leaders assessed a new legislatively-mandated institutional-accountability program. Using confidential interviews and document analysis we collected, analyzed, and interpreted data that revealed clear differences in how leaders regarded the accountability program. These distinct, campus-specific perspectives are characterized as “bureaucratic meddling,” “benign intrusion,” “an opportunity to demonstrate accountability,” and “the divided leaders.” Despite these distinct perspectives, however, we also found 2 overarching themes that illuminated common reactions to the accountability program. First, leaders at 3 of the 4 institutions reported that performance ratings under the accountability program were instrumental in prompting changes in instructional programs or staffing. Second, faculty leaders at 3 institutions exhibited an apathy or unawareness of state indicators, even though some state funding was linked to measures regarding student performance.  相似文献   

Deepening our reflectivity     

Clifford Mayes 《The Teacher Educator》2013,48(4):248-264

Abstract

During the last 15 years, a body of literature has developed that centers around “teacher reflectivity.” Teachers reflect deeply on the biographical, political, and pedagogical influences that led them to become teachers and that influence their classroom practice. Advocates of teacher reflectivity claim that both preservice and inservice teachers can thereby improve their practice and deepen their understanding of themselves as teachers. Although biographical, political, and pedagogical reflectivity are powerful tools, teacher reflectivity would be even stronger if it included “spiritual reflectivity.” With spiritual reflectivity (with or without a formal religious commitment), teachers see themselves and their work as a teacher in the broader context of their unique commitment(s) to a transcendent power or process that includes biographical, political, and pedagogical influences, but also transcends them.  相似文献   

The teacher as shaman     

Clifford Mayes 《课程研究杂志》2013,45(3):329-348

This paper examines the image of the teacher as a shaman. The shaman must suffer a wound in order to learn how to guide and heal others. Similarly, the teacher must suffer three types of wounds in order to maximize his or her professional, intellectual, and existential growth. These are the vocative wound, the interpretive wound, and the transferential wound.  相似文献   

The teacher as an archetype of spirit     

Clifford Mayes 《课程研究杂志》2013,45(6):699-718

Many images of the teacher in the current literature on teaching and teacher reflectivity can be seen as aspects of the Jungian image of the teacher as an archetype of spirit. These images--the teacher as philosopher, prophet, Zen master, and priest--correspond to what I call dialogical, civic, ontological and incarnational spirituality, respectively. I examine the possibilities and perils inherent in each of these visions of teaching. I also show how viewing teaching in archetypal terms provides a way of including the spiritual domain in both the theory and practice of teaching. The pedagogical, biographical and political dimensions of a teacher's calling and practice are important. However, examining the spiritual dimension of teaching can add to and interact with these other dimensions in ways that will enrich an understanding of what it means to be a teacher.  相似文献   

Teachers' Experience and Management of Young Children Treated Because of Home Conduct Problems: A qualitative study     

May Britt Drugli  Graham Clifford  Bo Larsson 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(3):279-291

In the present study, a sample of 27 teachers were interviewed regarding their experience and management of young children with conduct problems in day‐care or school settings. The children had been referred and treated because of oppositional and conduct problems at home. Qualitative analysis of data was performed by using elements of a grounded theory approach. Although the children had complex conduct problems presenting considerable challenges for their teachers, most teachers described a close and engaged relationship with these children. Teachers used within‐discipline and within‐classroom approaches in their work with a main focus on managing the child's daily life in day‐care or school, supported by close colleagues. Their practices were not deeply rooted in evidence‐based knowledge and methods. Most teachers reported collaboration with parents as positive and necessary, however, they only pursued it to a limited extent. Representatives from supplementary services, such as school psychologist, child protection care and child psychiatry, were rarely involved in the work of teachers. Implications of the findings are discussed.  相似文献   

A performance‐based teacher education program     

Clifford H. Edwards 《Peabody Journal of Education》2013,88(3):224-228

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