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21.
Anne Beerenwinkel Ilka Parchmann Cornelia Gr?sel 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2011,9(5):1235-1259
This study explores the effect of a conceptual change text on students?? awareness of common misconceptions on the particle model of matter. The conceptual change text was designed based on principles of text comprehensibility, of conceptual change instruction and of instructional approaches how to introduce the particle model. It was evaluated in an empirical study with 214 students. Students?? learning was measured with a pre?Cpost-test design. Item response theory was used for analysing students?? answers. We found that reading the criteria-based text fostered students?? awareness of common misconceptions about the particle model and yielded overall improved results as compared to reading a traditional text. 相似文献
22.
Prof. Dr. Cornelia Gräsel Kathrin Fussangel Prof. Dr. Ilka Parchmann 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2006,9(4):545-561
Zusammenfassung Unsere Interviewstudie vergleicht zwei Gruppen von Lehrkr?ften: (1) Lehrkr?fte, die seit mindestens zwei Jahren an einer schulübergreifenden
„Lerngemeinschaft“ des Projektes „Chemie im Kontext“ teilgenommen haben. Lerngemeinschaften basieren auf den Annahmen der
Theorien des situierten Lernens. Kennzeichnend für sie sind die langfristige Zusammenarbeit und der intensive Austausch von
Lehrkr?ften in Bezug auf die Optimierung des eigenen Unterrichtshandelns. (2) Lehrkr?fte, die an einer Fortbildung zu „Chemie
im Kontext“ teilgenommen haben, die eher traditionell gestaltet war und aus zwei Workshops bestand. Diese Gruppen wurden in
Hinblick auf ihre Kooperationserfahrungen nach Rückkehr an ihre eigenen Schulen und hinsichtlich ihrer überzeugungen zur Kooperation
miteinander verglichen. Die insgesamt 69 Leitfadeninterviews wurden mit Hilfe der Inhaltsanalyse (nach Mayring) ausgewertet. Diese Auswertung kommt zu folgenden Ergebnissen: Insgesamt sind die Lehrer/-innen der Lerngemeinschaftsgruppe
in vielf?ltigere Kooperationsbeziehungen eingebunden. Ihre überzeugungen zur Kooperation sind differenzierter; sie sehen deutlich
st?rker den Nutzen einer arbeitsteiligen Kooperation und ?u?ern deutlicher den Wunsch nach einer Intensivierung der fachlichen
Zusammenarbeit an ihrer Schule. Diese Ergebnisse der Studie weisen darauf hin, dass das Anbieten einer gut funktionierenden
schulübergreifenden Kooperationsstruktur positive Effekte auf die Intensivierung der fachlichen Zusammenarbeit an den Schulen
haben kann.
相似文献
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24.
Anna Cornelia Fahey 《Critical Studies in Media Communication》2013,30(2):132-150
French leaders met the September 2002 announcement of preemptive U.S. military action in Iraq with open disapproval. Thereafter, in the build-up to the “Iraq war,” as U.S. military strikes began in 2003 and continued in 2004, France became the target of nationalistic attacks in the United States. Building on this anti-French sentiment, George W. Bush's 2004 presidential campaign used narratives that cast Frenchness as feminine, assigning “Frenchness” to Democratic presidential candidate John Kerry—and thereby characterizing him as unfit for the White House. Specifically, political conservatives sought to strip Kerry of the masculine qualities perceived necessary to serve as president of the United States. Analysis of American political and media discourse from September 2002 to November 2004 shows that the 2004 presidential campaign came to be defined in substantial part by nationalistic and sexist political communications that capitalized upon and reinscribed patterns and norms of hegemonic masculinity while also feminizing and devaluing dissent in times of war. 相似文献
25.
Three studies investigated 3‐year‐old children's ability to determine a speaker's communicative intent when the speaker's overt utterance related to that intent only indirectly. Studies 1 and 2 examined children's comprehension of indirectly stated requests (e.g., “I find Xs good” can imply, in context, a request for X; N = 32). Study 3 investigated 3‐ and 4‐year‐old children's and adults' (N = 52) comprehension of the implications of a speaker responding to an offer by mentioning an action's fulfilled or unfulfilled precondition (e.g., responding to an offer of cereal by stating that we have no milk implies rejection of the cereal). In all studies, 3‐year‐old children were able to make the relevance inference necessary to integrate utterances meaningfully into the ongoing context. 相似文献
26.
This paper focuses on children creating representations on paper for situations that change over time. We articulate the distinction between homogeneous and heterogeneous spaces and reflect on children's tendency to create hybrids between them. Through classroom and interview examples we discuss two families of tasks that seem to facilitate children's development of homogeneous spaces: 1) Making selected features directly visible, instead of requiring intermediate steps and calculations; for example, to be able to directly compare different sets of data combined in a single graph, and 2) Exploring well-defined figural components that can be used in graphing, such as line segments or sequencing from left to right, that are introduced as a resource.This revised version was published online in October 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
27.
In light of an aging workforce, age stereotypes have become an important topic both for researchers and for practitioners. Among other effects, age stereotypes might predict discriminatory behavior at work. This study examined stereotypic beliefs about emotional resilience as a function of both targets’ and judges’ age. In a web-based study, 4,181 persons between 15 and 87 years rated four targets (young male worker, young female worker, older male worker, older female worker) on emotional resilience in a work context. An age effect showed that older targets were rated lower on emotional resilience than younger targets. Moreover, older compared to younger judges provided more positive assessments of younger targets. 相似文献
28.
Cornelia Schoor Maria Bannert Roland Brünken 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2012,60(5):753-768
This study assessed the role different kinds of secondary tasks play for researching the modality effect of cognitive load theory. Ninety-six university students worked with a computer-based training program for approximately 13?min and had to fulfill an additional secondary task. In a 2?×?2 factorial design, modality of information presentation (within factor) and design of secondary task (between factor) were varied. Students of both experimental groups learned with visual-only and audiovisual information presentation. The secondary task consisted of monitoring an object either displayed spatially contiguous (monitoring the screen background color, N?=?46) or spatially non-contiguous (monitoring a letter color in the upper part of the screen, N?=?50). Reaction times on this secondary task were used to measure cognitive load. Results show that the modality effect only appears with the spatially non-contiguous task but not with the spatially contiguous task. We interpret this effect as due to only partial utilization of working memory capacity by the combination of primary task and spatially contiguous secondary task. The results highlight the importance of an appropriate secondary task design when investigating the modality effect but also not to overgeneralize multimedia design guidelines. 相似文献
29.
Dietrich Boles Cornelia Boles und Markus Schmees 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》2004,18(3-4):165-173
Zusammenfassung. In diesem Artikel werden verschiedene Erlösformen für den Handel mit Web-Content und -Services vorgestellt, bewertet und miteinander verglichen. Ziel des Artikels ist es, auf der einen Seite Anbietern von digitalen Produkten und Dienstleistungen Möglichkeiten aufzuzeigen, wie sie Einnahmen erzielen können, und auf der anderen Seite WWW-Nutzer darauf einzustellen, dass und in welcher Form sie in Zukunft für den Zugriff auf qualitativ hochwertige Web-Inhalte und -Leistungen bezahlen werden müssen.Eingegangen am 18. Juni 2003, Angenommen am 2. Dezember 2003, CR Subject Classification:
K.4.4, K.5.1 相似文献
30.
The literature has shown that academics often share intermediate research resources bilaterally and only infrequently deny requests for sharing. This study goes further and investigates how resource sharing is rewarded. We contrast rewarded and non-rewarded sharing, and further differentiate the types of rewards into direct (e.g., coauthorship) and reputational (e.g., acknowledgments). In a survey of 1,204 resource suppliers or recipients in the UK, Germany, and Japan, we find that rewards are commonly used, and that the form of rewarding is associated with the context in which academics work. In particular, we find that suppliers who are commercially active are more likely to agree on direct rewards. Instead, suppliers who make use of open sharing platforms are more likely to agree on reputational rewards and less likely to agree on direct rewards. For both suppliers and recipients we find that those working in larger teams are more likely to agree on direct rewards, and that their interdisciplinarity is positively linked to direct rewards and negatively to reputational rewards. These results suggest that a reward system for intermediate resources is emerging and rewarding practices are evolving with contextual differences. 相似文献