Governing by Testing: Circulation,Psychometric Knowledge,Experts and the “Alliance for Progress” in Latin America During the 1960s and 1970s     

Cristina Alarcón 《欧洲教育》2015,47(3):199-214

This paper analyzes the activities, members, and effects of an inter-American expert network for the diffusion of psychometric knowledge, specifically of standardized aptitude testing for university admission in Latin America during the 1960s and 1970s. Within the framework of educational transfer studies, the role of international, nongovernmental, and philanthropic organizations is examined. It is argued that circulation of psychometric knowledge and technologies led to a new governing regime for learning and learners. The paper discusses the effect of convergence and Americanization, in the context of US-promoted “Alliance for Progress,” but also of divergence and resistance.  相似文献   

Visions about future: a new scale assessing optimism,pessimism, and hope in adolescents     

Maria Cristina Ginevra  Teresa Maria Sgaramella  Lea Ferrari  Laura Nota  Sara Santilli  Salvatore Soresi 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2017,17(2):187-210

This article reports the development and psychometric properties of visions about future (VAF), an instrument assessing hope, optimism, and pessimism. Three different studies involving Italian adolescents were conducted. With the first study 22 items were developed and the factor structure was verified. The second study, involving a second sample of adolescents, confirmed the instrument’s multidimensional structure and evaluated the convergent validity of VAF with self-report measures of hope, optimism, and pessimism. Moreover, it showed that VAF correlated with life satisfaction and career adaptability. The third study involved a third sample of adolescents and verified the measurement invariance across gender.  相似文献   

Rethinking Home-School Partnerships: Lessons Learned from Latinx Parents of Young Children During the COVID-19 Era     

Soltero-González  Lucinda  Gillanders  Cristina 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2021,49(5):965-976

Early Childhood Education Journal - The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted families from low-income backgrounds. The shift to remote learning has required parents with preschool-age children to...  相似文献   

Komagataeibacter intermedius V-05: An Acetic Acid Bacterium Isolated from Vinegar Industry,with High Capacity for Bacterial Cellulose Production in Soybean Molasses Medium     

Rodrigo Jos Gomes  Paula Cristina de Sousa Faria-Tischer  Cesar Augusto Tischer  Leonel Vinicius Constantino  Morsyleide de Freitas Rosa  Roberta Torres Chideroli  Ulisses de Pdua Pereira  Wilma Aparecida Spinosa 《Food Technology and Biotechnology》2021,59(4):432

  相似文献   

Vocabulary Development and Trajectories of Behavioral and Emotional Difficulties Via Academic Ability and Peer Problems     

Elizabeth M. Westrupp  Sheena Reilly  Cristina McKean  James Law  Fiona Mensah  Jan M. Nicholson 《Child development》2020,91(2):e365-e382

This study investigates associations between trajectories of children's vocabulary development and subsequent behavioral and emotional difficulties via two potential mediating mechanisms; literacy and peer problems. Nationally representative data from 4,983 Australian children were used to examine trajectories of receptive vocabulary (4–5, 6–7, and 8–9 years) and hyperactivity-inattention, conduct problems and emotional symptoms (8–9, 10–11, 12–13, 14–15 years), and literacy and peer problems (8–9 years). Lower growth in vocabulary was related to trajectories of hyperactivity-inattention, conduct problems, and emotional symptoms. Literacy was a key mediator explaining these associations. Results were consistent for children below the 50th percentile for vocabulary at 4–5 years compared to the full sample. These findings suggest that early literacy-based interventions may alleviate declining academic, emotional and behavioral functioning in adolescence.  相似文献   

Inbreeding and Research Productivity Among Sociology PhD Holders in Portugal     

Tavares  Orlanda  Sin  Cristina  Lança  Vasco 《Minerva》2019,57(3):373-390

In Portugal, research productivity is nowadays essential for the positive assessment of academics, research units and study programmes. Academic inbreeding has been highlighted in the literature as one of the factors influencing research productivity. This paper tests the hypothesis that inbreeding is detrimental for research productivity, measured through the number of publications listed in Scopus. The study resorts to a database provided by the national Agency for Assessment and Accreditation of Higher Education (A3ES), which comprises all academics teaching in all Portuguese institutions in the academic year 2015/2016. The sample selected for the analysis contains all academics with a PhD in Sociology (N=289). The study uses a special regression model for the analysis: the negative binomial logit hurdle. This was necessary given the large amount of academics with no publications or citations in Scopus, which were the dependent variables to assess research performance. The analysis provides separate results for the probability of inbred academics of having no papers/citations, and for the probability of producing more papers/citations than the non-inbred. Findings suggest that academic inbreeding, defined at the institutional level, has no negative effect on research productivity, contrary to what was expected. However, when defined at the national level, academic inbreeding is detrimental for the recognition and the impact of research: academics with a foreign PhD are more likely to have citations compared to academics who obtained their PhD in Portugal. A tendency was also noted that inbreeding might be more detrimental to research productivity in faculties of Economics than in Social Sciences and Humanities.

  相似文献   

The influence of core affect on cyclo-ergometer endurance performance: Effects on performance outcomes and perceived exertion     

Selenia di Fronso  Antonio Aquino  Rka Zsanett Bondr  Cristina Montesano  Claudio Robazza  Maurizio Bertollo 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2020,9(6):578-586

BackgroundCore affect is defined as the most general affective construct consciously accessible that is experienced constantly. It can be experienced as free-floating (mood) or related to prototypical emotional episodes. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of pleasant and unpleasant core affect on cyclo-ergometer endurance performance. Specifically, we considered the influence of pleasant and unpleasant core affect on performance outcomes (i.e., time to task completion) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE; Borg Scale, category ratio-10) collected during the task.MethodsThirty-one participants aged 20–28 years were recruited. Core affect was randomly elicited by 2 sets of pleasant and unpleasant pictures chosen from the international affective picture system. Pictures were displayed to participants during a cyclo-ergometer performance in 2 days in a counterbalanced order. RPE was collected every minute to detect volunteers’ exhaustion.ResultsThe study sample was split into 2 groups. Group 1 comprised participants who performed better with pleasant core affect, whereas Group 2 included participants who performed better with unpleasant core affect. Mixed between-within subjects analysis of variance revealed a significant 2 (group) × 2 (condition) × 5 (isotime) interaction (p = 0.002, η_p² = 0.158). Post hoc comparisons showed that participants who obtained better performance with pleasant core affect (pleasant pictures; Group 1) reported lower RPE values at 75% of time to exhaustion in a pleasant core affect condition compared to an unpleasant core affect condition. On the other hand, participants who obtained better performance with unpleasant core affect (unpleasant pictures; Group 2) reported lower RPE values at 75% and 100% of time to exhaustion in an unpleasant core affect condition.ConclusionFindings suggest differential effects of pleasant and unpleasant core affect on performance. Moreover, core affect was found to influence perceived exertion and performance according to participants’ preferences for pleasant or unpleasant core affect.  相似文献   

Assessing Fat Mass of Adolescent Swimmers Using Anthropometric Equations: A DXA Validation Study     

Gabriel Lozano-Berges  Alejandro Gómez-Bruton  Ángel Matute-Llorente  Cristina Julián-Almárcegui  Alba Gómez-Cabello  Alejandro González-Agüero 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2017,88(2):230-236

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to determine which of the published anthropometric equations is the most appropriate to estimate body-fat percentage (BF_%) in adolescent swimmers. Method: Eighty-eight swimmers (45 boys, 43 girls) participated in this study. Following the recommendations of the International Society of the Advancement of Kinanthropometry, biceps, triceps, subscapular, iliac-crest, supraspinale, front-thigh, and medial calf skinfold thicknesses were measured. Waist, hip, midthigh, calf, relaxed arm, and arm flexed and tensed girths were also registered. BF_% was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to obtain the reference value. Existing anthropometric equations were applied, and BF_% results obtained from anthropometric equations were compared to DXA BF_% results with the modified Bland-Altman. Results: The Flavel, Durnin-Rahaman-Siri, and Durnin-Rahaman-Brozek were the only equations that did not demonstrate statistically significant differences when compared with DXA. Conclusion: The present study showed that the best anthropometric equation from existing literature to estimate BF_% in swimmers is that proposed by Durnin-Rahaman (independently of applying the Siri or Brozek equation).  相似文献   

Differential time responses in inflammatory and oxidative stress markers after a marathon: An observational study     

Emil List Larsen  Henrik Enghusen Poulsen  Cristina Michaelsen  Laura Kofoed Kjær  Mark Lyngbæk  Emilie Skytte Andersen 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(18):2080-2091

ABSTRACT