Learning to rank with (a lot of) word features     

Bing Bai  Jason Weston  David Grangier  Ronan Collobert  Kunihiko Sadamasa  Yanjun Qi  Olivier Chapelle  Kilian Weinberger 《Information Retrieval》2010,13(3):291-314

In this article we present Supervised Semantic Indexing which defines a class of nonlinear (quadratic) models that are discriminatively trained to directly map from the word content in a query-document or document-document pair to a ranking score. Like Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI), our models take account of correlations between words (synonymy, polysemy). However, unlike LSI our models are trained from a supervised signal directly on the ranking task of interest, which we argue is the reason for our superior results. As the query and target texts are modeled separately, our approach is easily generalized to different retrieval tasks, such as cross-language retrieval or online advertising placement. Dealing with models on all pairs of words features is computationally challenging. We propose several improvements to our basic model for addressing this issue, including low rank (but diagonal preserving) representations, correlated feature hashing and sparsification. We provide an empirical study of all these methods on retrieval tasks based on Wikipedia documents as well as an Internet advertisement task. We obtain state-of-the-art performance while providing realistically scalable methods.  相似文献   

公民社会与农村问题     

苗海强  曹海涛 《济宁师范专科学校学报》2006,27(2):75-78

改革开放的20多年,促进了中国公民社会的逐渐发展,新的思想观念也在震荡着中国农村。但改革开放让农民受益的比例过低,农村问题已是阻碍我国顺利发展的严重问题。在这里试通过公民社会理论探讨农村公民社会的建设问题,为解决中国农村问题提供一个思考的角度。  相似文献   

基于区块链的中小企业竞争情报共享平台研究     

石进  邵波  苗杰 《图书情报工作》2019,63(20):112-120

[目的/意义]在激烈的市场竞争中，中小企业因资源限制等原因，缺乏独立建设竞争情报系统的能力。而现有的情报共享模式存在数据不安全、利益分配不均等、信息不对称等问题，没有得到中小企业和情报服务机构的广泛认可及应用。为了更好地实现中小企业竞争情报共享，本文提出基于区块链的中小企业竞争情报共享平台，它具有去中心化、利益均衡、安全可追溯等优势。[方法/过程]首先介绍基于区块链的中小企业竞争情报共享平台模型架构和运作过程。其次为模型设计了一种信用积分制度作为激励机制，解决竞争情报在共享过程中合理的利益分配问题。最后，借助区块链本身可追溯、不可篡改的特点以及加密算法，保障了情报共享的安全和可信。[结果/结论]通过比较分析发现，本文提出的共享平台相对于之前的竞争情报共享研究而言，具有利益分配公正、情报平等共享、交易安全可信等优势，可以更好地推动中小企业情报共享的发展。  相似文献   

图书馆办公自动化系统   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

缪佟和刘桂兰  宋苏平张宇红 《现代图书情报技术》1996,12(4):24-27

本文讨论了图书馆办公自动化的必要性并简介北京大学图书馆办公自动化系统的概况。  相似文献   

Event-Konzepte     

Ronald Hitzler  Babette Kirchner  Jessica Pahl 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2013,16(3):143-158

In view of processes of individualization and pluralization, the requirements for living in modern societies result in significantly increased complexity of social constructions of reality. Especially for individualized juvenile people new forms of communities are a constitutive feature of social lifestyle progression and rearrangement. Within events a specific type of these juvenile communalities emerges. Based on two different cases, a music festival and an improvisational theater performance, this paper emphasizes a crucial similarity of events: the use of (physical) staging as a social mechanism for integration and distinction. The process of ‘eventization’ (i.e., spectacularization) provides a framework for action, in which emotional as well as mental affiliations constitute.  相似文献   

Editorial: Kompetenzmodelle zur Erfassung individueller Lernergebnisse und zur Bilanzierung von Bildungsprozessen     

Detlev Leutner  Eckhard Klieme  Jens Fleischer  Harm Kuper 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2013,16(1):1-2

This special issue comprises eleven articles from the DFG priority program “Competence Models for Assessing Individual Learning Outcomes and Evaluating Educational Processes”. The special issue aims at showing the priority program’s present state of discussion concerning essential concepts and questions related to the modeling of competencies. The first article describes the structure and research areas of the program and gives an overview on the current state of research. The short articles two to eleven discuss questions and problems which proved to be of particular importance during the work of the priority program in the last years. These articles constitute the result of a workshop of the participating scientists of the priority program in terms of position papers.  相似文献   

Transferwirkungen künstlerischer Tätigkeiten. Ihre kritische Kommentierung durch eine umfassende Theorie ästhetischer Bildung     

Christian Rittelmeyer 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2013,16(3):217-231

Transfer research examines how artistic activities can have an impact outside of the realm of art itself. The article concludes that this research can be carried out in a meaningful way, only within the framework of a comprehensive theory of aesthetic education. This theory would encompass the structural analysis of artistic activity, as well as biographical reports about artistic experiences. The elucidation of the concepts or themes relevant to the theory would include the notion of aesthetic experience, the understanding of immediate, aesthetic experiences, the analysis of artistic processes, and the outcomes of scientifically evaluated applications of aesthetic education.  相似文献   

Wann kann Kompetenzdiagnostik negative Auswirkungen haben?     

Nele McElvany  Camilla Rjosk 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2013,16(1):65-70

This paper addresses potential negative effects of systematic external competence assessment on different levels of the education system. We discuss possible sources of misinterpretations of competence assessment feedback, potential consequences of feedback and assessment for different education stakeholders (teachers, students, and educational administration) as well as negative effects of systematic competence assessment on the culture of teaching and learning. The paper concludes with some reflections on possibilities to prevent or reduce the discussed negative effects.  相似文献   

Wie können Ergebnisse der Kompetenzdiagnostik in Forschungsprojekten sinnvoll zurückgemeldet werden?     

Dominik Leiss  Katrin Rakoczy 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2013,16(1):81-88

Reporting on research results to students, teachers and institutions is a big challenge within competence assessment research: students individually have to be given feedback about how they performed, teachers have to be provided with information about their classes, education authorities are interested in actual research results. For feedback being helpful for students, teachers and institutions, the following questions have to be thought of: (1) Who is the feedback given to? What is the aim of the feedback? (2) Which results shall be reported? (3) How should feedback theoretically look like? And (4) how does feedback depend on the given general framework? The given article discusses these questions and offers a “checklist” to research projects with a focus on competence assessment.  相似文献   

Skizze zur Historiographie der Ästhetischen Bildung     

Jörg Zirfas  Leopold Klepacki 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2013,16(3):7-25

This article is focussing on a historical approach to the term of aesthetic education from three different angles: as history of ideas, biographies and images. Aesthetic education is thereby understood as performative and reflective involvement with aesthetics and the fine arts such as arts, theatre and literature etc. A first approach is defining the history of ideas as a theoretical reconstruction of aesthetic concepts and their educational relevance; this history is also discussing educational theories and their aesthetic implications. It is more or less an implicit and compensatory history because the important contexts are not visible at first sight; and the aesthetic and pedagogical theories often need a reciprocal addition. A biographical perspective is hereby concentrated on the biography of artists. Thereby the educational science of biographies are highlighting the situation of the arts and the artists, the development of becoming an artist, the progression as an artist and the artistic institutions in a educational-aesthetic nexus. Such a perspective is supplementing the history of ideas concerning cultural and socio-historical dimensions as well as institutional and biographic aspects. Finally, the history of images is focusing on the thesis that every picture also includes a programme of aesthetic education. In pictures the process of productive and reflective visualisation is expressed: paintings refer to their production and their understanding. For the method of the historical-educational iconography of aesthetic education a historicizing matrix from production aesthetics, work aesthetics and reception aesthetics is suggested. This matrix is combined with a theory of education as transformation of self-relation, of relations to other individuals and the world. The three approaches just mentioned are exemplified by Leonardo da Vinci and his famous picture “Vitruvian Man” from 1492.  相似文献