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21.
Hollis S. Scarborough John P. Sabatini Jane Shore Laurie E. Cutting Kenneth Pugh Leonard Katz 《Reading and writing》2013,26(4):593-613
To obtain a fuller picture of the efficacy of reading instruction programs for adult literacy learners, gains by individual students were examined in a sample (n = 148) in which weak to moderate gains at the group level had been obtained in response to tutoring interventions that focused on strengthening basic decoding and fluency skills of low literate adults (Sabatini, Shore, Holtzman, & Scarborough, 2011). Learners were randomly assigned to receive one of three tutoring programs for an average of 44 h of instruction. We used within-individual gains replicated over tests (WIGROT) as the method for identifying gainers, who were defined as students whose reading levels increased from pretest to posttest by a half year or more on at least two of four measured aspects of reading proficiency. The 46 % of the sample who met the criterion had higher pretest scores than non-gainers on measures of reading (d = .42, p < .01) and phonological awareness (d = .47, p < .01), and included fewer adults with a history of special education (43 vs. 61 %, phi = .19, p < .05), regardless of which instructional condition had been received. The findings suggest that basic skills instruction can lead to a meaningful degree of benefit for many adult learners who persist in reading programs for several months. Supplementing group level results with analyses of individual growth, such as WIGROT, appears to be useful in evaluating the efficacy of literacy interventions. 相似文献
22.
Laurie E. Cutting April Materek Carolyn A. S. Cole Terry M. Levine E. Mark Mahone 《Annals of dyslexia》2009,59(1):34-54
Reading disability (RD) typically consists of deficits in word reading accuracy and/or reading comprehension. While it is
well known that word reading accuracy deficits lead to comprehension deficits (general reading disability, GRD), less is understood
about neuropsychological profiles of children who exhibit adequate word reading accuracy but nevertheless develop specific
reading comprehension deficits (S-RCD). Establishing the underlying neuropsychological processes associated with different
RD types is essential for ultimately understanding core neurobiological bases of reading comprehension. To this end, the present
study investigated isolated and contextual word fluency, oral language, and executive function on reading comprehension performance
in 56 9- to 14-year-old children [21 typically developing (TD), 18 GRD, and 17 S-RCD]. Results indicated that TD and S-RCD
participants read isolated words at a faster rate than participants with GRD; however, both RD groups had contextual word
fluency and oral language weaknesses. Additionally, S-RCD participants showed prominent weaknesses in executive function.
Implications for understanding the neuropsychological bases for reading comprehension are discussed.
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| Laurie E. CuttingEmail: |
23.
Science City is an outdoor exhibition, supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and created by the New York Hall of Science (NYHS). It was designed to increase public awareness of, and interest in, the science and technology of daily life by creating a series of exhibits that people would “find” in public places in New York City. Using the streets and structures of the city to present the science and technology of everyday life in order to reach the non-museum-going public, eye-catching exhibits and signs were placed along fences, on streets and buildings and in subway stations and parks. The development and installation of museum exhibits for public urban spaces requires skills and experience that stretch beyond the expertise of a science-technology museum exhibition staff. This article discusses and compares on- and off-site exhibition development. 相似文献