Diurnal patterning of eight activities in 14 species of muroid rodents     

Denis J. Baumgardner  Susan E. Ward  Donald A. Dewsbury 《Learning & behavior》1980,8(2):322-330

The diurnal patterning of locomotion, stereotypy, grooming, eating, drinking, sleeping, postural readjustment, and inactivity was studied in 14 species of muroid rodents in the laboratory using a visual observation technique.Microtus canicaudus, M. montanus, M. ochrogaster, andM. pennsylvanicus exhibited acyclic activity patterns, whilePeromyscus eremicus,P. gossypinus, P. leucopus, P. maniculatus bairdi, P. polionotus, Calomys callosus, Mus musculus, andOnychomys leucogaster displayed nocturnality in their behavioral patterning.Rhabdomys pumilio exhibited crepuscular activities andNeofiber alleni displayed a complex pattern of nocturnality. Species differed in total amount of time spent per day for all activities but eating. The acyclicity ofMicrotus species appears to be related to high metabolic rates and a semifossorial life-style.  相似文献   

Cross-Racial Interaction Among Undergraduates: Some Consequences, Causes, and Patterns   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mitchell J. Chang  Alexander W. Astin  Dongbin Kim 《Research in higher education》2004,45(5):529-553

This study utilized a national longitudinal data set of college students to examine the educational relevance of cross-racial interaction and how campuses can best structure such opportunities. The general pattern of findings suggests that cross-racial interaction has positive effects on students' intellectual, social, and civic development. The results show that institutions could enhance such experiences by enrolling larger proportions of students of color and by offering students more opportunities to live and work part-time on campus. While these findings apply uniformly to white students, the frequency of cross-racial interaction does not always follow an expected path of steady gains for students of color as the student body becomes increasingly more diverse. Implications of the findings are discussed.  相似文献   

Attenuated and enhanced neophobia in the taste-aversion “delay of reinforcement” effect     

Mitchell  Denis  Scott  D. Winfield  Mitchell  Linda K. 《Learning & behavior》1977,5(1):99-102

Learning & Behavior - Rats were made ill immediately or 6 h after drinking either familiar tap water or a novel .1% saccharin solution. Control animals were given sham treatments immediately...  相似文献   

Comment by Mitchell Salim     

Mitchell Salim 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1971,10(3):227-228

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Enhancing Preservice Teachers' Understanding of Web-based Scientific Inquiry     

Bodzin  Alec M.  Cates  Ward Mitchell 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2003,14(4):237-257

Journal of Science Teacher Education -  相似文献   

A proposed framework and tool for non-economic research impact measurement     

Vincent Mitchell 《高等教育研究与发展》2019,38(4):819-832

ABSTRACT

Research impact features heavily in debates about ‘the measured university’ and is now formally assessed by governments in the UK and Australia. Yet clear guidance on how impact can be measured in non-monetary ways is often lacking because of confused thinking and the context-specific nature of outcomes. To help resolve this, we first propose a general impact model of inputs, processes, outputs and outcomes framework. Then, using a survey approach of research users, we measure outcomes at different levels of abstraction using usefulness as the central construct and impact categories from the European (EU) and Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). The survey measures are simple, comparable between different impact cases, cost-effective, externally verifiable, and easily administered by those for whom impact measurement is new and puzzling. They can also be combined to form an impact index to address criticism that there is little standardisation in impact measurement. To improve the standardisation of context-specific measures, we suggest a common methodology for deriving these (SROI). The article discusses limitations of using surveys including administration, self-report data, and impact timescale problems, and suggests ways to reduce these. Implications for researchers, research managers, and assessors interested in measuring impact, such as who should do it and pay for it, are discussed.  相似文献   

Masculinity and femininity in twin children: genetic and environmental factors   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J E Mitchell  L A Baker  C N Jacklin 《Child development》1989,60(6):1475-1485

Genetic and environmental origins of individual differences in masculine and feminine personality attributes were investigated in a sample of 38 monozygotic and 32 dizygotic twin pairs (total N = 140) during pre- and early adolescence. Self-report measures of both masculine and feminine characteristics were obtained for each child using 2 standardized instruments: the Children's Personality Attributes Questionnaire (CPAQ) and the Adolescent Self-Perception Inventory (ASPI). Multivariate biometrical analyses revealed significant genetic influences in all measures, accounting for 20%-48% of the observed variation in each. Environmental influences, which explained the remaining 52%-80% of variance in masculinity and femininity, were apparently specific to each individual and not shared by members of the same twin pair. The results underscore the importance of considering both genetic and environmental factors in gender-role development, particularly in studies of family resemblance.  相似文献   

Learning the Hard Way     

David G. Wells  Michael McEvoy    Mitchell Kundel 《CBE life sciences education》2006,5(2):123-125

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The Frontier of Web-based Instruction     

Coral Mitchell  Tony DiPetta  James Kerr 《Education and Information Technologies》2001,6(2):105-121

In spite of advances in course design software and experience with online offerings, the question of how web-based education affects teaching and learning remains largely unanswered, and the terrain of online learning remains largely unmapped. In this paper, through the stories of 10 faculties of education and one computer science instructor in Ontario, we map out a small piece of the frontier of web-based course delivery and plot a course for future exploration. We argue that most existing offerings take the form of a Lone Ranger or Greenhorn approach but that there is a need to move toward a strategic institutional Wagon Train approach that consolidates and integrates support for online teaching and learning. We argue, as well, that failures in online instruction cannot simply be attributed to improper instruction or inappropriate course design. Rather, at least part of the problem locates in the ways in which conversation is structured in the online environment.  相似文献   

When parents are deaf versus hard of hearing: patterns of sign use and school placement of deaf and hard-of-hearing children     

Mitchell RE  Karchmer MA 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》2004,9(2):133-152

This paper investigates the importance of knowing whether or not deaf and hard-of-hearing students have one or more deaf or hard-of-hearing parents. As noted by Mitchell and Karchmer (2004), deaf and hard-of-hearing school-age children and youth in the United States with at least one parent identified as "hearing impaired" are nearly evenly split between having at least one deaf parent and having at least one hard-of-hearing parent. However, there is no literature on the importance, if any, of this distinction. Findings from the investigation reported herein suggest that the distinction between having a deaf versus a hard-of-hearing parent is quite substantial, particularly as it pertains to the use of signing in the home. Further, signing in the home, which is reliably predicted by parental hearing status, is a significant predictor of the school setting in which the student is currently placed and the instructional use of signing in the classroom. Limitations related to the available measure of parental hearing status are discussed.  相似文献