This multisite qualitative study explored the narratives of Black male college students’ engagement experiences in a Black Male Initiative (BMI) program across three different campuses. To better understand the students’ narratives and experiences, sense of belonging was employed as a theoretical frame to investigate how the participants made meaning from their engagement. The findings suggest that the BMI program provided students with a unique cultural community that enhanced how they felt valued and their persistence in college. In particular, students identified bonding with their Black male peers and learning from Black men connected to the program as central components of the BMI community. That deepened their sense of self and deepened their sense of mattering.
Lord's Paradox occurs when a continuous covariate is statistically controlled for and the relationship between a continuous outcome and group status indicator changes in both magnitude and direction. This phenomenon poses a challenge to the notion of evidence-based policy, where data are supposed to be self-evident. We examined 50 effect size estimates from 34 large-scale educational interventions and found that impact estimates are affected in magnitude, with or without reversal in sign, when there is substantial baseline imbalance. We also demonstrated that multilevel modeling can ameliorate the divergence in sign and/or magnitude of effect estimation, which, together with project specific knowledge, promises to help those who are presented with conflicting or confusing evidence in decision-making. 相似文献
Research has shown that rates of clinical anxiety levels are higher among young people with an ASD than their typically developing peers. This study conducted an exploratory investigation into the impact of a specifically tailored CBT group programme on anxiety levels in young people with ASD. The 12 week CBT programme was delivered to 12 children with a diagnosis of ASD in a children’s disability team in Ireland. An embedded mixed methods design was utilised and inferences were drawn by collecting and analysing quantitative and qualitative data separately. Findings indicate CBT can be delivered successfully to a group of children with ASD. As is the nature of an embedded design, quantitative findings are reported as supportive evidence for the qualitative findings of this study. The positive preliminary findings suggest a rigorous, large scale evaluation is needed to determine the overall effectiveness of the programme with this population. 相似文献
OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationship between sexual abuse and academic achievement in an adolescent inpatient psychiatric population. Individual factors expected to influence this relationship were measured to explore the way they each interacted with sexual abuse and its relationship to academic achievement. METHOD: Eighty-one adolescent psychiatric inpatients participated in the study (aged 12--18 years: M=16.0). Participants were administered tests of academic achievement (dependent variable) and intelligence, and completed a number of self-report measures of their experience of different types of maltreatment, their perception of the parenting they received, socio-economic status, substance abuse, and psychopathology. RESULTS: Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that intelligence was the main predictor of academic achievement (uniquely explaining 26% of the variance). A number of interaction effects were also significant indicating that intelligence, substance abuse, internalizing behavior problems, externalizing behavior problems all influenced the relationship between sexual abuse and academic achievement. DISCUSSION: Examining the impact of sexual abuse is complex because it is typically an experience embedded in a range of other risk factors, such as poverty, family dysfunction, and other types of maltreatment. This study demonstrated coexistence between sexual abuse and a number of other variables, including other maltreatment types and parental overprotection, underscoring the requirement for complex models of research that more accurately reflect the experience of abused children. 相似文献
The primary goal of this study was to examine the science process skill of prediction using qualitative research methodology. The think-aloud interview, modeled after Ericsson and Simon (1984), let to the identification of 63 program exploration and prediction behaviors. The performance of seven formal and seven concrete operational high-school biology students were videotaped during a three-phase learning sequence on water pollution. Subjects explored the effects of five independent variables on two dependent variables over time using a computer-simulation program. Predictions were made concerning the effect of the independent variables upon dependent variables through time. Subjects were identified according to initial knowledge of the subject matter and success at solving three selected prediction problems. Successful predictors generally had high initial knowledge of the subject matter and were formal operational. Unsuccessful predictors generally had low initial knowledge and were concrete operational. High initial knowledge seemed to be more important to predictive success than stage of Piagetian cognitive development. Successful prediction behaviors involved systematic manipulation of the independent variables, note taking, identification and use of appropriate independent-dependent variable relationships, high interest and motivation, and in general, higher-level thinking skills. Behaviors characteristic of unsuccessful predictors were nonsystematic manipulation of independent variables, lack of motivation and persistence, misconceptions, and the identification and use of inappropriate independent-dependent variable relationships. 相似文献
In response to Stetsenko’s [2008, Cultural Studies of Science Education, 3] call for a more unified approach in sociocultural
perspectives, this paper traces the origins of the use of sociocultural ideas in New Zealand from the 1970s to the present.
Of those New Zealanders working from a sociocultural perspective who responded to our query most had encountered these ideas
while overseas. More recently activity theory has been of interest and used in reports of work in early childhood, workplace
change in the apple industry, and in-service teacher education. In all these projects the use of activity theory has been
useful for understanding how the elements of a system can transform the activity. We end by agreeing with Stetsenko that there
needs to be a more concerted approach by those working from a sociocultural perspective to recognise the contribution of others
in the field.
Geraldine McDonaldEmail:
Joanna Higgins
is Associate Director of the Jessie Hetherington Centre for Educational Research and Director of the Mathematics Education
Unit at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. The primary focus of her research has been the teaching of elementary
school mathematics incorporating four interrelated areas: children’s learning; teachers’ understanding and practice; the process
of facilitation; and the links to policy. Studies from a sociocultural perspective include: teachers’ pedagogical content
knowledge; models of facilitation for improving teacher knowledge and practices, representing mathematical ideas in teaching
tasks, and classroom processes for mathematics teaching. She is particularly interested in exploring transformative practices
that foster equitable outcomes for all learners. The investigations have had an impact on government policy in mathematics
teacher education. In 2006 she won a contract to be the National Research Co-ordinator for the In-service Teacher Education
Practice (INSTEP) Project. She gained her doctorate from Victoria University of Wellington in 1999.
Geraldine McDonald
is Research Associate in the School of Education Studies Victoria University of Wellington. Formerly she was Assistant Director
of the New Zealand Council for Educational Research where she established the first program of research in early childhood
education. She encountered exciting uses of Vygotskyan ideas when she was at Teachers College Columbia University in 1981.
Her own first use of sociocultural theory was a study of early writing as a cultural artifact and this expanded to the study
of classrooms. She is interested in the demographic characteristics of school populations and has for a long time argued against
the use of psychometric tests standardized for age to compare population groups which differ in age at grade level. The results
are unfair to disadvantaged groups which tend to be older for grade level than advantaged groups. She gained her doctorate
from Victoria University of Wellington in 1976 and in 1993 the university awarded her an honorary DLit. She was the foundation
president of the New Zealand Association for Research in Education. 相似文献
Considerable theoretical and empirical attention has been devoted to the practice of peer review across various disciplines in the previous couple decades. Recently, Raymond Paternoster and Robert Brame indicated that it is necessary for criminology to follow suit and begin to provide a critical inquiry of the blind review model. Literary theory and writing studies have examined literate practices for decades and empirical research has identified that literate practices, like peer review, are interactional and co-constructed across discourse communities. The unique character of peer review in criminology remains unknown however. Discussions with 40 of criminology’s most influential scholars provides an opportunity to begin constructing a broad context of criminology’s peer review by challenging universal knowledge through individual experiences. 相似文献