全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1559篇 |
免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
教育 | 1260篇 |
科学研究 | 80篇 |
各国文化 | 13篇 |
体育 | 63篇 |
文化理论 | 11篇 |
信息传播 | 139篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 13篇 |
2019年 | 21篇 |
2018年 | 22篇 |
2017年 | 18篇 |
2016年 | 26篇 |
2015年 | 19篇 |
2014年 | 29篇 |
2013年 | 349篇 |
2012年 | 26篇 |
2011年 | 30篇 |
2010年 | 23篇 |
2009年 | 29篇 |
2008年 | 31篇 |
2007年 | 27篇 |
2006年 | 33篇 |
2005年 | 34篇 |
2004年 | 31篇 |
2003年 | 25篇 |
2002年 | 29篇 |
2001年 | 21篇 |
2000年 | 20篇 |
1999年 | 18篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1997年 | 18篇 |
1996年 | 18篇 |
1995年 | 20篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 27篇 |
1992年 | 26篇 |
1991年 | 21篇 |
1990年 | 19篇 |
1989年 | 26篇 |
1988年 | 23篇 |
1987年 | 29篇 |
1986年 | 20篇 |
1985年 | 30篇 |
1984年 | 26篇 |
1983年 | 27篇 |
1982年 | 23篇 |
1981年 | 32篇 |
1980年 | 24篇 |
1979年 | 29篇 |
1978年 | 29篇 |
1977年 | 20篇 |
1976年 | 21篇 |
1975年 | 12篇 |
1974年 | 17篇 |
1973年 | 22篇 |
1972年 | 12篇 |
1968年 | 10篇 |
排序方式: 共有1566条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
Mehdi Kordi Chris Fullerton Louis Passfield Len Parker Simpson 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(2):192-198
Body position is known to alter power production and affect cycling performance. The aim of this study was to compare mechanical power output in two riding positions, and to calculate the effects on critical power (CP) and W′ estimates. Seven trained cyclists completed three peak power output efforts and three fixed-duration trial (3-, 5- and 12-min) riding with their hands on the brake lever hoods (BLH), or in a time trial position (TTP). A repeated-measures analysis of variance showed that mean power output during the 5-min trial was significantly different between BLH and TTP positions, resulting in a significantly lower estimate of CP, but not W′, for the TTP trial. In addition, TTP decreased the performance during each trial and increased the percentage difference between BLH and TTP with greater trial duration. There were no differences in pedal cadence or heart rate during the 3-min trial; however, TTP results for the 12-min trial showed a significant fall in pedal cadence and a significant rise in heart rate. The findings suggest that cycling position affects power output and influences consequent CP values. Therefore, cyclists and coaches should consider the cycling position used when calculating CP. 相似文献
42.
Justin X. Nicoll Andrew J. Galpin Donald B. Thomason Christopher A. Moore 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(9):1194-1202
Purpose: There is a paucity of research investigating the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in chronically trained (CT) athletes. Thus, it is unclear how MAPK may contribute to performance and muscle adaptation in CT subjects. The purpose of this study was to determine MAPK total protein, and phosphorylated expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38-MAPK (p38) between untrained, and chronically trained runners. Methods: Tissue samples were analysed from sedentary (SED; n?=?5) controls and chronically trained runners (CT; n?=?5). Resting muscle biopsy samples were analysed for total-MAPK – and ratio of phosphorylated/total (p-MAPK) – ERK1/2, JNK, and p38-MAPK via western blotting. Mann–Whitney U tests and effect sizes were utilized to determine differences in total MAPK protein content and phosphorylation status between SED and CT subjects. Results: There was no difference in total-MAPK expression between SED and CT (p?>?.05). p-p38-MAPK tended to be greater for CT compared to SED (p?=?.07). There were moderate effect sizes of decreased pERK/total-ERK (d?=??0.69) and increased pJNK/total-JNK (d?=?0.54) in CT compared to SED. There was a positive correlation between p-p38-MAPK/total-MAPK and the percentage of type I fibres (r?=?0.73, p?=?.016). Conclusion: Contrary to previous studies, chronic endurance training does not greatly influence total MAPK protein expression in chronically trained runners. However, resting phosphorylation of p38-MAPK may contribute to enhanced oxidative metabolism at chronically trained levels. These alterations are likely involved in the different physiological adaptations that occur following long-term training or at highly competitive levels. 相似文献
43.
This study was designed to obtain the perceptions of regular class teachers who taught children who had been in EMR programs, but had been decertified (D) and returned to regular classes in response to court cases and recent legislation. A cohort of regular class (RC) students were selected for comparative purposes. It was found that D students were placed into low ability classes; yet, teachers perceived D subjects to be significantly lower than RC students in both academic achievement and social acceptance. Only a small proportion of teachers indicated that the enrollment of D students had much impact on the regular class instructional program. However, the teachers were rather critical of the services received under the auspices of a transitional program, indicating in large part that the services were either not apparent or ineffective. 相似文献
44.
Peter J. Brady Cyril I. Figuerres Donald W. Felker Wayne M. Garrison 《Psychology in the schools》1978,15(3):434-438
Nineteen elementary teachers were observed for the frequency with which they modeled self-praise for their students and taught their students to praise and evaluate themselves. Measures of student self-concept, anxiety, and achievement responsibility were taken at the end of the year. It was found that teacher modeling of self-praise correlated negatively with boys' selfconcept and positively with girls'. Teacher encouragement of students to praise other students correlated positively with boys' anxiety and negatively with girls'. Teacher modeling of self-praise and teacher encouragement of students to praise other students were the best predictors of self-concept. 相似文献
45.
46.
Wilson C Simpson SE van Emmerik RE Hamill J 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2008,7(1):2-9
The aim of this study was to examine the influence of skill of expert triple jumpers on the coordination variability of lower extremity intra-limb couplings. In contrast to the traditional motor learning perspective, we hypothesized that as skill and thus performance increases, movement coordination variability will also increase. Three-dimensional kinematic and ground reaction force data were collected during the hop-step transition phase of the triple jump. Relative motion plots and a modified vector coding technique were used to quantify the coordination variability across the trials. The results were consistent with a U-shaped curve, representing coordination variability, as skill increases. The high coordination variability in less skilled athletes is present while the appropriate characteristics defining the movement coordination patterns are acquired. This coordination variability may not be beneficial to performance. As the refinement of these characteristics is achieved, coordination variability decreases, resulting in a more consistent or regulated performance. In the final stages of developing a skilled performance, a functional variability is accessed that brings flexibility to the system allowing it to cope with perturbations. This study highlights the need to address the learning effect when analysing coordination variability from a dynamical systems perspective. 相似文献
47.
The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of motivating and oudeterous (neither motivating nor demotivating) synchronous music on 400-m sprint performance while controlling for the potential confound of pre-performance mood. A panel of volunteer Caucasian males (n = 20; mean age = 20.5 years, s = 1.2) rated the motivational qualities of 32 musical selections using the Brunel Music Rating Inventory-2. An experimental group of volunteer Caucasian males (n = 36; mean age = 20.4 years, s = 1.4) completed three 400-m time trials under conditions of motivational music, oudeterous music, and a no-music control. Pre-performance mood was assessed using the Brunel University Mood Scale (BRUMS). A series of repeated-measures analyses of variance with Bonferroni adjustment revealed no differences in the BRUMS subscales. A repeated-measures analysis of variance on the 400-m times showed a significant effect (F1.24, 42.19 = 10.54, P < 0.001, eta 2 = 0.24) and follow-up pair wise comparisons revealed differences between the synchronous music conditions and the control condition. This finding supported the first research hypothesis, that synchronous music would result in better performance than a no-music control, but not the second hypothesis, that performance in the motivational synchronous music condition would be better than that in the oudeterous condition. It appears that synchronous music can be applied to anaerobic endurance performance among non-elite sports persons with a considerable positive effect. 相似文献
48.
49.
J. Bruce Francis Michalina Vaughan Colin Flood Page Sally Tomlinson R. A. Becher Margaret C. Ives John Urry K. G. Collier Meir Zadok Charles Carter Jürgen Schramm Jean Barry Graeme C. Moodie Donald Bligh R. A. King D. G. Mulcahy Peter Scott F. R. Charmer T. R. Bone John A. Hughes Roger Greenhough Alec M. Ross John Wakeford Joyce Skinner Duncan B. Nimmo Cedric Cullingford L. R. B. Elton 《Higher Education》1979,8(6):709-744
50.