Comparing practical knowledge storage of deaf and hearing teachers of students who are deaf or hard of hearing     

Marlatt EA 《American annals of the deaf》2004,148(5):349-357

Especially in the education of students who are deaf or hard of hearing, teachers' practical knowledge storage is almost never measured. The Survey of Practical Knowledge was used to compare the practical knowledge storage of deaf and hearing teachers of these students. Surveyed were 48 deaf and 115 hearing individuals at the preservice and in-service experience levels. Practical knowledge storage was defined as images, rules of practice, and practical principles. Results indicate that deaf teachers tend to view students as equals but are more likely to emphasize control over classroom behavior than hearing teachers. Hearing teachers tend to stress efforts to engage students in subject matter by providing variety and relating it to life experiences. Given the trend toward high-stakes testing of teachers, further research is encouraged on role differences between deaf and hearing teachers working with students who are deaf or hard of hearing.  相似文献   

Risk factors for infant maltreatment: a population-based study     

Wu SS  Ma CX  Carter RL  Ariet M  Feaver EA  Resnick MB  Roth J 《Child abuse & neglect》2004,28(12):1253-1264

CONTEXT: Of the approximately 900,000 children who were determined to be victims of abuse or neglect by US child protective services in 2002, the birth-to-3 age group had the highest rate of victimization (1.6%) and children younger than 1 accounted for the largest percentage of victims (9.6%). OBJECTIVE: To identify perinatal and sociodemographic risk factors associated with maltreatment of infants up to 1 year of age. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: 189,055 children born in 1996 in Florida. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Infant maltreatment, defined as a verified report of abuse, neglect, or threatened harm that occurred between day 3 of life and 1 year. RESULTS: 1,602 children (.85%) of the 1996 birth cohort had verified instances of maltreatment by age 1. Of 15 perinatal and sociodemographic variables studied, 11 were found to be significantly related to infant maltreatment. Five factors had adjusted relative risks (RR) of two or greater: Mother smoked during pregnancy (RR 2.8); more than two siblings (RR 2.7); Medicaid beneficiary (RR 2.1); unmarried marital status (RR 2.0); low birth weight infant (RR 2.0). Infants who had four of these five risk factors had a maltreatment rate seven times higher than the population average. CONCLUSIONS: Data on nearly all risk factors found to be significantly associated with infant maltreatment are available on the birth certificate. Such information can be incorporated into a population-based risk-assessment tool that could identify subpopulations at highest risk for infant maltreatment. Because resources are limited, these groups should be given priority for enrollment in child abuse prevention programs.  相似文献   

The inquiry level of junior high activities: Implications to science teaching     

Edward L. Pizzini  Daniel P. Shepardson  Sandra K. Abell 《科学教学研究杂志》1991,28(2):111-121

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CONSOLIDATING LEARNING FROM EXPERIENCE     

David Leat  Steve Mccarthy  Edward Peck 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》1992,17(2):89-100

The article describes an experiential learning programme at the University School of Education, Newcastle upon Tyne, in which teams of postgraduate trainee teachers undertook problem solving placements in local businesses and public services. The evaluation revealed a contrast between high general satisfaction levels and low perceived relevance to teaching. This is analysed and discussed in relation to the perceptions student teachers develop during their training. The vital importance of briefing and debriefing in experiential programmes is emphasised, as an aid to learning when much of value is easily lost.  相似文献   

The effects on teaching of changes in relative rewards for research and teaching     

Dr. Edward Shapiro 《Research in higher education》1978,9(1):43-67

To the degree that faculty members take into account the relative financial rewards for teaching and research in deciding on the allocation of available time between these two areas, a modification of the reward structure may be expected to produce changes in the amount of time devoted to each. The purpose of this article is to examine with the help of some basic graphic tools of economics the possible results on the quantity of teaching and the quantity of research that may follow from a modification of the reward structure. The possible results are analyzed in terms of displacement, salary, and work effects of the modification.  相似文献   

Effect of size and type of still projected pictures on immediate recall of content     

David M. Moore  Edward B. Sasse 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1971,19(4):437-450

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Commentary on student interviews     

Sheri D. Sheppard  Larry Leifer  J. Edward Carryer 《Innovative Higher Education》1996,20(4):271-276

Student interviews provide valuable input into peer evaluation of teaching. Both the University of Georgia and Stanford University have explored ways of using student interviews to tap into student perspectives. The approaches taken by the two schools are compared in this paper. Similarities and differences are identified and discussed. In addition, the aspects of teaching that are best reflected upon by peers versus students are enumerated.Sheri D. Sheppard, an associate professor, has been at Stanford University in the Design Division of Mechanical Engineering since 1986. In addition to teaching both undergraduate and graduate design classes, she does experimental and analytical research on weld fatigue and impact failures, fracture mechanics, and applied finite element analysis. She is also a co-principal investigator with Professor Larry Leifer on a multi-university NSF funded project to critically review undergraduate engineering curricula. Before coming to Stanford, Dr. Sheppard completed her graduate studies at the University of Michigan and held several research and consultancy positions in the automotive industry. Larry Leifer received his Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering, his M.S. in Product Design and his B.S. in Mechanical Engineering at Stanford University. He studied human information processing and biomedical engineering in laboratories in the U.S. and Europe before joining Stanford's mechanical engineering department faculty in 1976. Currently he is a professor in the design division where he teaches courses in engineering design based on industry-funded projects and distributed design teams. He studies and promotes this pedagogy through leadership in an NSF funded coalition of engineering schools which are revising undergraduate engineering curricula. Relatedly, he has developed the Smart Product Design laboratory and taught its curriculum for 10 years. As founding director of the Stanford Center for Design Research, he does design theoretic studies and objective evaluation of structured design methodology. Seeking to disseminate assistive devices for physically limited individuals, he co-founded the Tolfa Corporation (1989) and Independence Works, Inc. (1992), a product development enterprise that uses the Internet World Wide Web to bridge the technology transfer gap between research laboratories and disabled consumer markets. J. Edward Carryer is an Acting Assistant Professor in the Design Division of Mechanical Engineering at Stanford University. In addition to teaching both undergraduate and graduate courses in mechatronics, he is active in the organization of workshops on Mechatronics Education and the development of both graduate and undergraduate Mechatronics curricula. Before coming to Stanford in 1992, Dr. Carryer held positions in the automotive industry and as a consultant on mechatronic systems, including Chief Engineer at Creative Applications Engineering Inc. There his work involved projects on medical instruments, electronic engine controls and human environmental control systems. Dr. Carryer's graduate work was done at the University of Wisconsin, Madison and Stanford University.  相似文献   

Toward a Predictive Model of Community College Student Success in Blended Classes     

Edward Volchok 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2018,42(4):274-288

This retrospective study evaluates early semester predictors of whether or not community college students will successfully complete blended or hybrid courses. These predictors are available to faculty by the fourth week of the semester. Success is defined as receiving a grade of C- or higher. Failure is defined as a grade below a C- or a withdrawal. Method: Seven variables available to faculty are considered: gender, degree sought, students’ academic level, attendance for the first 4 weeks of face-to-face classes, scores on orientation extra credit assignments, grades on the first quiz, and grades on an early semester reflective essay. Logistic regression is used to evaluate the power of seven variables to predict successful course completion in 15 sections of two business courses: Introduction to Marketing and Marketing Research. Three hundred forty-three students were included in this study. Results show that completion of optional extra credit assignments offered during the first 2 weeks of the semester and performance on the first quiz are significant predictors of successful course completion. These results suggest that students’ self-regulation skill or learning presence in the community of inquiry model is a strong predictor of student success. A faculty-based model like the one presented here can help faculty to enhance their students’ chances of success by highlighting factors that predict successful course completion early in the semester.  相似文献   

An Empirical Investigation of the Efficacy of Multimedia Instruction in Counseling Skill Development     

B. Grant Hayes  Gordon E. Taub  Edward H. Robinson  Stephen A. Sivo 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2003,42(3):177-188

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of multimedia instruction on students' counseling skill development. The participants were 73 beginning‐level counselor education students (20 men and 53 women, ages ranging from 24 to 47 years). Ratings of students' pre‐ and posttest video counseling tapes were used to assess the effects of the multimedia approach. The results found that there was no statistically significant difference among the levels of students' counseling skill development across the 3 (high‐tech multimedia, low‐tech multimedia, and traditional instruction) treatment groups.  相似文献   

Knowledge systems and the colonial legacies in African science education     

John R. Ziegler  Edward Lehner 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2018,13(4):1101-1108

This review surveys Femi Otulaja and Meshach Ogunniyi’s, Handbook of research in science education in sub-Saharan Africa, Sense, Rotterdam, 2017, noting the significance of the theoretically rich content and how this book contributes to the field of education as well as to the humanities more broadly. The volume usefully outlines the ways in which science education and scholarship in sub-Saharan Africa continue to be impacted by the region’s colonial history. Several of the chapters also enumerate proposals for teaching and learning science and strengthening academic exchange. Concerns that recur across many of the chapters include inadequate implementation of reforms; a lack of resources, such as for classroom materials and teacher training; and the continued and detrimental linguistic, financial, and ideological domination of African science education by the West. After a brief overview of the work and its central issues, this review closely examines two salient chapters that focus on scholarly communications and culturally responsive pedagogy. The scholarly communication section addresses the ways in which African science education research may in fact be too closely mirroring Western knowledge constructions without fully integrating indigenous knowledge systems in the research process. The chapter on pedagogy makes a similar argument for integrating Western and indigenous knowledge systems into teaching approaches.  相似文献