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Manu Mari Torppa Minna Eklund Kenneth Poikkeus Anna-Maija Lerkkanen Marja-Kristiina Niemi Pekka 《Reading and writing》2021,34(3):753-771
Reading and Writing - One of the aims for compulsory education is to diminish or alleviate differences in children’s skills existing prior to school entry. However, a growing gender gap in... 相似文献
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Why do boys and girls perform differently on PISA Reading in Finland? The effects of reading fluency,achievement behaviour,leisure reading and homework activity 
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下载免费PDF全文 Minna Torppa Kenneth Eklund Sari Sulkunen Pekka Niemi Timo Ahonen 《Journal of Research in Reading》2018,41(1):122-139
The present study examined gender gap in Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) Reading and mediators of the gender gap in a Finnish sample (n = 1,309). We examined whether the gender gap in PISA Reading performance can be understood via the effects of reading fluency, achievement behaviour (mastery orientation and task‐avoidant behaviour) or the amount of time spent with leisure reading and homework. Girls outperformed boys in all measures except for achievement behaviour. The models explaining PISA Reading were not different: For boys and girls, reading fluency, mastery orientation, leisure book reading and homework explained the variance in PISA Reading scores. The gender effect on PISA Reading was, however, for the most part mediated by differences in reading fluency. These findings suggest that while mastery orientation, homework activity and leisure book reading are concurrent predictors of PISA Reading over and above reading fluency, they do not explain gender difference. 相似文献
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Abstract A survey of the literature on the development of physical education tests reveals little of value to the researcher confronted with the problem of assessing the gross motor ability of manpower pools and predicting success in related tasks. Flexible instructions, subjective scoring, limited concepts of validity, and other factors involving a disregard or misinterpretation of principles of test construction have greatly reduced the usefulness of research in this field (1, p. 1). 相似文献
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Gunilla Eklund‐Myrskog 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(2):179-188
The aim of this study was to investigate students’ conceptions of learning and approaches to learning within vocational education. A group of car‐mechanic students (n = 30) were interviewed at the end of their programme. The phenomenographic approach was used as the point of departure, and, as a result of the analysis, qualitative similarities and differences in students’ conceptions and approaches were found. The distribution of conceptions and approaches showed that half of students were classified as representing a quantitative view of learning and as favouring a surface approach. However, in order to encourage students to develop a qualitative view of learning and to use deep approaches, more attention must be paid to the ways in which students conceive learning within the school context and how they actually do in order to meet the demands they experience within their education. 相似文献
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Although it is evident that changes in vision may possibly affect intelligence, it is rarely considered in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how vision changes may affect intelligence. In addition, how intellectual performance may be improved by attempting to compensate for vision loss will be explained. It can be hypothesized that vision factors can't be ignored when assessing intellectual changes and, in fact, may account for a large portion of mental impairment previously ascribed to other factors. 相似文献
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Ulf Fredriksson Monica Eklund Karin Taube 《美中教育评论》2009,6(11):17-32,56
Researchers from Mid Sweden University and Kalmar University organised surveys on reading skills in Swedish municipalities. This paper will focus on the surveys made in four municipalities between 2002 and 2007. All students in grade 8 in these four municipalities participated in the surveys--in total 16,287 students. These surveys included a reading test for the students and information about the students collected from the teachers, including participation in instruction in Swedish as a second language and in their mother tongues. Students of immigrant origin in Sweden are offered the possibility to participate in instruction in Swedish as a second language and in instruction in the student＇s mother tongue. No obvious trends over time in the participation in Swedish as a second language and mother tongue instruction were found in the four municipalities on the tests we gave, in spite of national trends. There was no difference in results on the reading tests in Swedish between those students who participated in mother tongue instruction and those who did not, but there was a difference in test results between those who participated in Swedish as a second language and those who did not. Those who did not participate （in Swedish as a second language instruction） did, on average, score higher on the test. When different language groups are compared, it can be noted that a majority in all groups of immigrant students neither participate in Swedish as a second language nor in mother tongue instruction. However, there are important differences between boys and girls and between language groups. Girls seemed to be more willing than boys to participate in voluntary mother tongue instruction, while boys more often than girls had to participate in compulsory lessons in Swedish as a second language. 相似文献
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Children's physical activity and physical self-perceptions 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between physical self-perceptions and physical activity in Canadian school children aged 10-14 years. The sample consisted of 220 boys and 246 girls in grades 5-8. Physical activity was assessed by 7-day recall using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. Self-perceptions of physical conditioning, sports competence, strength, body appearance and general physical self-worth were measured by the Physical Self-Perception Profile (PSPP). We found that boys were more physically active than girls and had higher perceptions of sport competence and strength. All PSPP scales were significantly correlated with physical activity in both boys and girls. Structural equation modelling procedures found the hierarchical PSPP model provided a good fit to the observed data, with little evidence of differences between the sexes. Analysis of five alternative structural models of the relationship between the PSPP and physical activity found the most parsimonious model to have significant pathways from both physical conditioning and sport skills to physical activity. Models for the sample as a whole, for boys and for girls were similar, accounting for an R2 of 0.27-0.29 for physical activity. Our results demonstrate that physical self-perceptions, especially physical conditioning and sport skills, are significant correlates of activity in this population. 相似文献
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Ronimus Miia Eklund Kenneth Pesu Laura Lyytinen Heikki 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2019,67(3):639-663
Educational technology research and development - This study investigates the effectiveness of a digital game—GraphoLearn (GL)—in supporting second-grade students who have persistent... 相似文献
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Christine M. Habeeb Robert C. Eklund 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2016,20(1):16-26
Dyadic interactions generate direct relationships in which interdependent sport behaviors can be destructured. The focus of this investigation was to develop a two-level performance framework and corresponding measures of individual- and dyad-level sport performance. The described procedures surrounded a male–female cheerleading paired-stunt task, as only team-level outcomes are currently assessed during sport competition. Multiple observers employed the developed measures (α = .89–.96; interclass correlation = .87–.95) to assess the videoed performance of 132 individuals within 66 intact dyads competing at a national competition. Unique information is revealed from each partner’s individual-level score, disjointedly assessed, and their dyad-level score, an assessment of combined efforts. Score differences are especially apparent when in contrast to an aggregated dyad-level score. A discussion of the outlined approach and interpretation of multilevel occurrences of interdependent processes and outcomes of sporting performance is provided. 相似文献