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Longitudinal data are often collected in waves in which a participant’s data can be collected at different times within each wave, resulting in sampling-time variation that is unaccounted for when waves are treated as single time points. Little research has been reported on the effects of this temporal imprecision on longitudinal growth-curve modeling. This article describes the results of a simulation study into the effect of sampling-time variation on parameter estimation, model fit, and model comparison with an empirical validation of the model fit and comparison results. 相似文献
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Santiago R. Acuña Héctor García Rodicio Emilio Sánchez 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2011,26(4):435-452
Despite the potential advantages of instructional explanations, evidence indicates that they are usually ineffective. Subsequent
work has shown that in order to make instructional explanations effective indeed, one successful strategy is to combine them
with indications of the limitations in learners' understanding that they are intended to revise, which makes learners deeply
process the explanations. We explored whether this is so for both learners with low and those with high prior domain knowledge.
In one experiment, 77 participants with low and high prior knowledge learned about plate tectonics from a multimedia presentation.
In addition to the presentation, half the participants received instructional explanations combined with indications, whereas
the rest received instructional explanations with no indications. After using the materials, the participants solved retention
and transfer tests. Results showed that low prior knowledge learners learned more from explanations including indications
of their misunderstandings, whereas high prior knowledge learners profited from instructional explanations either with or
without the indications. We discussed theoretical and practical implications. 相似文献
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Do Parents Foster Self‐Esteem? Testing the Prospective Impact of Parent Closeness on Adolescent Self‐Esteem 
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下载免费PDF全文 Michelle A. Harris Andrea E. Gruenenfelder‐Steiger Emilio Ferrer M. Brent Donnellan Mathias Allemand Helmut Fend Rand D. Conger Kali H. Trzesniewski 《Child development》2015,86(4):995-1013
Close parent–child relationships are viewed as important for the development of global self‐esteem. Cross‐sectional research supports this hypothesis, but longitudinal studies provide inconsistent prospective effects. The current study uses data from Germany (N = 982) and the United States (N = 451) to test longitudinal relations between parent–child closeness and adolescent self‐esteem. The authors used self‐, parent‐, and observer‐reported parent–child closeness and self‐reported self‐esteem from ages 12 to 16. Results replicated concurrent correlations found in the literature, but six longitudinal models failed to show prospective relations. Thus, the longitudinal effect of parent–child closeness and self‐esteem is difficult to detect with adolescent samples. These findings suggest the need for additional theorizing about influences on adolescent self‐esteem development and longitudinal research with younger samples. 相似文献
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?zlem Kara&#;rmak Nagihan O&#;uz Duran 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》2008,30(4):220-234
This study was designed to examine gender differences in attachment styles and explore the relationship between attachment
styles and preference for conflict handling behavior in close relationships among Turkish adolescents. The participants comprised
371 Turkish undergraduate students (252 females and 119 males; with a mean age of 21.98 years; standard deviation 1.18) enrolled
in different departments of the Faculty of Education at Middle East Technical University in Ankara. A Turkish version of Bartholomew
and Horowitz’s (J Pers Soc Psychol, 61:226–244, 1991) Relationship Questionnaire (RQ) and the Conflict Questionnaire (CQ) developed by Tezer (J Psychol, 130:281–292, 1996) were used to obtain data. Intercorrelations among four attachment style subscales, and correlation coefficients among four
attachment styles and five conflict handling behaviors were computed in addition to a series of ANOVAs and ANCOVAs. Results
revealed an association between attachment styles and conflict handling, as well as gender differences in attachment styles. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To examine (1) the prevalence, types, and severity of child abuse and neglect (CAN) and (2) the relationship between CAN and lifetime psychiatric disorders among American Indian women using primary care services. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 234 American Indian women, age 18-45 who presented for outpatient ambulatory services at a community-based Indian Health Service Hospital in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Dependent measures included mood, substance abuse, and anxiety disorders as well as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as measured by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. CAN was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. RESULTS: Approximately three-quarters of respondents (76.5%; 95% CI = 70.4, 81.7) reported some type of childhood abuse or neglect; over 40% reported exposure to severe maltreatment. Severity of child maltreatment was associated in a dose response manner with lifetime diagnosis of mental disorders. After adjusting for social and demographic correlates, severe child maltreatment was strongly associated with lifetime PTSD (prevalence ratio [PR] 3.9; 95% CI = 1.9, 8.0); and was moderately associated with lifetime substance use disorders (PR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.6, 3.3); mood disorders (PR = 2.1; 95% CI 1.4, 3.2); and with two or more disorders (PR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.6, 3.4). CONCLUSION: CAN was common in our sample of American Indian women in primary care and was positively associated with lifetime psychiatric disorders outcomes. Screening for CAN and psychiatric disorders would enhance the treatment of patients seeking primary care services. Primary prevention of child maltreatment might reduce the high prevalence of mental disorders among American Indian women. 相似文献
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The objective of this paper is to investigate the role of knowledge management (KM) in networks participated by small firms. To achieve this objective, the literature on KM in small firms has been reviewed. A research question has been defined and addressed through a questionnaire survey conducted in a small firms network. The findings indicate that the surveyed companies perceive the strategic value of KM and adopt several systems even if its adoption is constrained by a number of barriers. The results suggest that firms investigated need to adopt advanced KM systems to manage knowledge more effectively at network level. The evidences also indicate that the surveyed firms are willing to adopt a platform supporting the sharing and exchange of knowledge in the network with a positive impact on innovation processes and the exploitation of market opportunities. The paper outlines some managerial implications as well as avenues for further research. 相似文献
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This study is focused on the relationship between the development of segmental awareness and dyslexia. More specifically we have tried to address the question, is it possible to learn to segment well and yet continue to read and write poorly? For this purpose, 14 second and third grade dyslexic children were assigned to three different training programs. Those who participated in the first two programs were taught the skills required to use the phonemes, while those in the third program, who served as a pseudo-control group, were given the exercises in perceptual and psychomotor activities. After the training program, children who had received the first two training programs reached a level of performance similar to that of normal readers in different tasks of segmentation of phonemes. The improvements observed in these tasks were correlated in dictation but not in reading, where there was no difference after training. 相似文献