The Transition from School to University in Italy: Examination reform and outstanding issues     

Emma Nardi 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2001,8(3):339-351

The Italian school and university system is going through profound changes. In the school system, the exam that all students have to take at the end of upper-secondary education has been reformed, while at the university level, a law has been approved for reorganising higher education. It is thus a fluid situation in which the new demands have to come to terms with the traditional framework and in which change is not always devoid of contradictions. This article will try to illustrate how the shift from school to university education is influenced by the new legislation and will highlight the problems that this transition poses for Italian students embarking on university education.  相似文献   

How augmented reality,textual, and collaborative scaffolds work synergistically to improve learning in a science museum     

Susan A. Yoon  Emma Anderson  Miyoung Park  Karen Elinich  Joyce Lin 《Research in Science & Technological Education》2018,36(3):261-281

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Transformation of text in the English classroom: does ‘context’ really matter?     

Erika Matruglio  Emma Vale 《Literacy》2019,53(3):117-124

This paper investigates the language demands of creating texts in the English classroom, which involve transformations in context. In particular, it focuses on the tensions inherent in tasks which require more traditional textual analysis to be presented in ways other than traditional ‘essay’ format. These tasks are interpreted differently by students and can result in texts which vary in terms of their choice of ‘written‐like’ or ‘spoken‐like’ styles. This paper uses data from year nine English students presenting speeches to an imagined jury arguing for Shakespeare's Macbeth's guilt or innocence and explores the implications of shifts along the mode continuum evident in the students' language. It raises the question of the relative importance of transformations of language and context and the extent to which control of mode is valued. Language analysis of student responses focusing on genre, periodicity, use of vocatives and endophoric reference suggests the imagined context required by the task is less important than the literary context in assessing student responses and can act as a distraction. Findings have implications for alignment of teaching and assessment practices in English classrooms.  相似文献   

Associations between interpersonal behavior and friendship quality in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analysis     

Nicole S. J. Dryburgh  Emma Ponath  William M. Bukowski  Melanie A. Dirks 《Child development》2022,93(3):e332-e347

This meta-analysis examined concurrent associations between aggression, withdrawal, assertion, and prosocial behavior and each of positive and negative friendship quality across studies with 22,657 children and adolescents (M_age = 11.71 years; 51.7% girls; 67.7% White). Studies were published between 1995 to 2021 and 32.4% were conducted outside of North America. Aggression was linked to more negative,  = .19, 95% CI [.14, .24], and less positive,  = −.05 [−.08, −.01], friendships. Withdrawal was associated with less positive friendships,  = −.13 [−.18, −.08], whereas prosocial behavior was related to more positive,  = .29 [.22, .37], as well as less negative,  = −.16 [−.20, −.12], friendships. Assertion was related to more positive friendships,  = .15 [.01, .28].  相似文献   

Predictive Variables of Success for Latino Enrollment in Higher Education     

Jafeth E. Sanchez  Janet Usinger  Bill W. Thornton 《Journal of Latinos & Education》2015,14(3):188-201

It is necessary to better understand the unique variables that serve as predictors of Latino students’ postsecondary enrollment and success. Impacts of various variables were examined among 850 Latino and Caucasian students (76% and 24% of the sample, respectively). Gender, ethnicity, perceived affordability, high school grade point average, and high school credits earned served as significant predictors. Yet the highest mathematics class taken by the 11th grade was not significant, and Latino students’ negative perceptions of college affordability may have hindered students’ postsecondary enrollment aspirations, despite their having access to a guaranteed scholarship.  相似文献   

Shyness and Social Conflict Reduce Young Children's Social Helpfulness          下载免费PDF全文

Jonathan S. Beier  Brandon F. Terrizzi  Amanda M. Woodward  Emma G. Larson 《Child development》2017,88(6):1922-1929

This study examined social influences on 3‐year‐old children's decisions to help an experimenter gain another person's attention (N = 32). Children were slower to help the experimenter when the target had previously expressed disinterest in attending to her. Shy children were less likely to support the experimenter's attempts to communicate with the target; however, this association was not influenced by children's knowledge of the target's disinterest, and there was no relation between shyness and children's support for a separate physical goal. Therefore, young children's decisions to act helpfully incorporate consideration for others beyond a focal person with an unmet need, and they are further constrained by children's own comfort with the actions required to help.  相似文献   

An exploration of the effect of servicescape on student institution choice in UK universities     

Emma Winter  Chris Chapleo 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2017,41(2):187-200

In recent years there has been increased discussion of the subjective, emotional and sociological factors influencing student choice of university. However, there is a dearth of information exploring what constitutes these feelings. This exploratory paper uses the conceptual model of the servicescape to provide insight into the emotional factors driving student choice. In-depth interviews with prospective students revealed that first impressions really do count. Students are deterred by poor physical environments and excited by enthusiastic staff and students. Most significantly, the study revealed the necessity of a restorative servicescape to provide both a sense of escape and feeling of belonging. This paper contributes to broadening the application of the servicescape model and to a greater understanding of the impact of the environment on prospective students, and creates an opportunity to inform policy by providing university marketing decision makers with a better understanding of what constitutes the university environment and what makes it appealing to prospective students.  相似文献   

‘I’m an assessment illiterate’: towards a shared discourse of assessment literacy for external examiners     

Emma Medland 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2019,44(4):565-580

The quality assurance ‘regime’ that spans the higher education sector internationally is underpinned by a number of unchallenged assumptions. Nowhere is this more apparent than within the external examiner system in the UK, an instrument for the professional self-regulation of higher education. One such assumption is that external examiners are assessment literate. Within higher education assessment literacy is a concept in its infancy, but one that has the capacity to reverse the deterioration of confidence in academic standards. Whilst the concept is becoming integrated into the sectorial vernacular, its fluid and negotiated nature is under-conceptualised. The primary aim of this article lies in investigating the extent of external examiners’ assessment literacy and to use this as a base to initiate a discussion surrounding the development of a shared discourse of assessment literacy, thereby providing a tool for greater conceptualisation.  相似文献   

Educational practitioners’ beliefs and conceptualisation about the cause of ADHD: A qualitative study     

Abigail Emma Russell  Darren A. Moore  Tamsin Ford 《Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties》2016,21(1):101-118

Objectives: Educational practitioners play an important role in the referral and treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to explore how educational practitioners conceptualise their beliefs about the causes of symptoms of ADHD. Method: Forty-one educational practitioners from schools in the United Kingdom participated in focus groups or individual interviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Practitioners’ beliefs fell into two categories: biological and environmental. Practitioners conceptualised the causes of ADHD in lay-theoretical models: a ‘True’ ADHD model considered that symptoms of ADHD in many cases were due to adverse environments; and a model whereby a biological predisposition is the root of the cause of the child’s symptoms. Conclusion: Differential beliefs about the causes of ADHD may lead to practitioners blaming parents for a child’s behaviour and discounting ADHD as a valid condition. This has implications for the effective support of children with ADHD in schools.  相似文献   

Politics,religion and morals: the symbolism of public schooling for the urban middle-class identity     

Emma E. Rowe 《International Studies in Sociology of Education》2017,26(1):36-50

Research points to sections of the middle-class repopulating the ‘ordinary’ urban public school and whilst there are key differences in how they are navigating public school choices, from ‘seeking a critical mass’ to resisting traditional methods of choice and going ‘against-the-grain’, or collectively campaigning for a brand new public school, the urban middle-class are developing contemporary methods to challenge the existing ways of thinking about middle-class choice. Drawing on this literature, this paper explores the symbolism of public schooling for relatively affluent choosers in the city of Melbourne, Australia. The positioning of public schooling as essentially secular and liberal indicates how the public school is valorised within the contemporary market place. Within a market that tends to undersell the public school, the perceived lack of organised religion and progressivism may be the unique selling point for the cosmopolitan, globalised consumer.  相似文献