How much exercise are older adults living in nursing homes doing in daily life? A cross-sectional study     

Philipe De Souto Barreto  Laurent Demougeot  Bruno Vellas  Yves Rolland 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(2):116-124

Information on the amount of exercise practised by nursing home (NH) residents is scarce. This study aimed at describing NH residents’ participation in exercise classes, as well as to examine whether the presence of a professional exercise instructor in the facilities is associated with residents’ exercise habits. The cross-sectional data of 5402 residents (median age = 88 years; mostly women (75.2%)) from 163 NHs in France were analysed. Adjusted logistic and linear regressions were performed to examine whether the presence of a professional exercise instructor in the NH was associated with exercise habits: exercise participation, frequency, duration, and levels. From the 5402 participants, 1914 were participating in exercise classes provided in the NH. Most of them had an exercise frequency of 1x/week or less. Median duration of exercise sessions was 45 min. Exercise levels were rated as: highly active (n = 487), intermediately active (n = 1096), and poorly active (n = 331). The presence of a professional exercise instructor working in the facility was significantly associated with exercise participation and with higher exercise frequencies and levels, and session duration. In conclusion, the presence of professional exercise instructors is associated with better exercise habits in NH residents. Improved exercise habits may potentially be translated into better health in this population.  相似文献   

王阳明“知行合一”说的系统论分析     

彭德林 《湖州师范学院学报》2015,(3):54-58

从系统的整体性理解王阳明“知行合一”说,可知：“知行合一”是一个由目的、手段和根据构成的有机整体;知行的本来体段就是合一的,而语言的遮蔽、私欲阻碍和析心理为二的剧场假相,使得知行分离,这三者都背离了“致良知于事事物物”的要求;个体要真正做到知行合一,就必须在事亲事君、交友治民等具体实践中,通过致良知的努力,体认知行合一的真谛,为善去恶,成就个人的德性,这样才能实现安天下之民的目的。从系统的层次性审视阳明哲学可见,阳明虽然看到了个体的知和行、德性之知和闻见之知、心的社会性和个性、道德的自觉和自愿、为学和生活等两两之间,都是一个有机整体,但受时代所限,其伦理学说系统仍然只有社会关系和伦理政治两个层次,缺少了物质生产这个根本层次,故其知行合一说的深度和说服力不够。  相似文献   

Family Income Dynamics,Early Childhood Education and Care,and Early Child Behavior Problems in Norway          下载免费PDF全文

Henrik D. Zachrisson  Eric Dearing 《Child development》2015,86(2):425-440

The sociopolitical context of Norway includes low poverty rates and universal access to subsidized and regulated Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC). In this context, the association between family income dynamics and changes in early child behavior problems was investigated, as well as whether high‐quality ECEC buffers children from the effects of income dynamics. In a population‐based sample (N = 75,296), within‐family changes in income‐to‐needs predicted changes in externalizing and internalizing problems (from ages 18 to 36 months), particularly for lower income children. For internalizing problems, ECEC buffered the effect of income‐to‐needs changes. These findings lend further support to the potential benefits of ECEC for children from lower income families.  相似文献   

Prenatal Caloric Intake and the Development of Academic Achievement Among U.S. Children From Ages 5 to 14          下载免费PDF全文

Eric J. Connolly  Kevin M. Beaver 《Child development》2015,86(6):1738-1758

Few studies have examined the relation between maternal caloric intake during pregnancy and growth in child academic achievement while controlling for important confounding influences. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, the current study examined the effects of reduced prenatal caloric intake on growth in scores on the Peabody Individual Achievement Test from ages 5 to 14. While models controlling for within‐family covariates showed that prenatal caloric intake was associated with lower reading and mathematical achievement at age 5, models controlling for between‐family covariates (such as maternal IQ) and unobserved familial confounders revealed only a statistically significant association between siblings differentially exposed to prenatal caloric intake and mathematical achievement at age 5.  相似文献   

The promise and reality of formative assessment practice in a continuous assessment scheme: the case of Trinidad and Tobago     

Jerome De Lisle 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2015,22(1):79-103

Continuous Assessment (CA) systems are externally directed, curriculum-based assessment schemes used for both summative and formative purposes within classrooms. CA has been implemented as national policy in several postcolonial developing countries and is believed to hold great promise for improving education outcomes. This theory-driven evaluation (TDE) used a mixed methods research design to interrogate the nature of CA practice. The focus was on stakeholders’ understanding and practice of formative assessment in the CA Programme (CAP) of Trinidad and Tobago. The integrated findings suggest that the programme planners’ formative intent was often not fulfilled. Instead, teachers routinely recorded assessment marks without using the data. There is evidence that formative assessment practice was not congruent with teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and practices. Although the design of CA schemes suggests the possibility of synergy between formative and summative purposes, in reality this ideal is rarely achieved in these particular contexts.  相似文献   

Statistical Diversions          下载免费PDF全文

Peter Petocz  Eric Sowey 《Teaching Statistics》2015,37(2):66-69

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Design and implementation of multi-campus,modular master classes in biochemical engineering     

Niek Wuyts  Dorine Bruneel  Myriam Meyers  Etienne Van Hoof  Leander De Vos  Greet Langie 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2015,40(4):400-409

The Master of Science in engineering technology: biochemical engineering is organised in KU Leuven at four geographically dispersed campuses. To sustain the Master's programmes at all campuses, it is clear that a unique education profile at each campus is crucial. In addition, a rationalisation is required by increased cooperation, increased exchange of lecturers, and increased student mobility. To achieve this, a multicampus education system for the M.Sc. in engineering technology: biochemical engineering was developed by offering modules that are also available for students of other campuses. Such a module is primarily based on the research expertise present at the campus. In the development, special attention has been given to the optimal organisation of the modules, evaluation, required modifications of the current curricula, and the practical consequences for students following the module at another campus. Even in the first year of implementation, around 30% of the students followed a multicampus module, which indicates the potential success of the multicampus concept described here.  相似文献   

Explicating Physical Activity Preferences of Community-Dwelling Filipino Elderly in Urban and Rural Settings: A Conjoint Analysis     

Allan B. de Guzman  Eric Harold M. Jatulan  Joyce Ann Camille A. Jimenez 《Educational gerontology》2015,41(4):251-266

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Ten Salient Practices of Undergraduate Research Mentors: A Review of the Literature     

Jenny Olin Shanahan  Elizabeth Ackley-Holbrook  Eric Hall  Kearsley Stewart  Helen Walkington 《Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning》2015,23(5):359-376

This paper identifies salient practices of faculty mentors of undergraduate research (UR) as indicated in the extensive literature of the past two decades on UR. The well-established benefits for students involved in UR are dependent, first and foremost, on high-quality mentoring. Mentorship is a defining feature of UR. As more and different types of colleges and universities strive to meet student demand for authentic scholarly experiences, it is imperative to identify what effective UR mentors do in order to ensure student engagement, quality enhancement, retention, and degree-completion. We offer an original analysis of the literature on UR mentoring in which we identify 10 significant “lessons learned,” or evidence-based practices of effective UR mentors that apply broadly across disciplines, students, institutions, and mentoring approaches.  相似文献   

Adult outcomes of sustained high-quality early child care and education: Do they vary by family income?     

Andres S. Bustamante  Eric Dearing  Henrik Daae Zachrisson  Deborah Lowe Vandell 《Child development》2022,93(2):502-523

Experimental research demonstrates sustained high-quality early care and education (ECE) can mitigate the consequences of poverty into adulthood. However, the long-term effects of community-based ECE are less known. Using the 1991 NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (n = 994; 49.7% female; 73.6% White, 10.6% African American, 5.6% Latino, 10.2% Other), results show that ECE was associated with reduced disparities between low- and higher-income children's educational attainment and wages at age 26. Disparities in college graduation were reduced the more months that low-income children spent in ECE (d = .19). For wages, disparities were reduced when children from low-income families attended sustained high-quality ECE (d = .19). Findings suggest that community-based ECE is linked to meaningful educational and life outcomes, and sustained high-quality ECE is particularly important for children from lower-income backgrounds.  相似文献