The Contribution of Schooling to Literacy in Guatemala     

Kathleen S. Gorman  Ernesto Pollitt 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1997,43(4):283-298

The authors of this paper examine the relationship between level of schooling and literacy attainment in four rural communities in Guatemala. They first identify the grade at which most children become literate. Secondly, they estimate the net contribution of schooling to literacy. Finally, they ask whether literacy skills acquired under poor or restricted school conditions are likely to be lost over time after the pupil has left school.  相似文献   

The Representation of Virtual Reality in Education     

Alessandro Antonietti  Chiara Rasi  Ernesto Imperio  Marco Sacco 《Education and Information Technologies》2000,5(4):317-327

Students' opinions about the opportunities and the implications of VR in instruction were investigated by administering a questionnaire to humanities and engineering undergraduates. The questionnaire invited participants to rate a series of statements concerning motivation and emotion, skills, cognitive styles, benefits and learning outcomes associated with the use of VR in education. The representation which emerged was internally consistent and articulated into specific dimensions. It was not affected by gender, by the previous use of VR software, or by the knowledge of the main topics concerning the introduction of IT in instruction. Also the direct participation in a training session based on an immersive VR experience did not influence such a representation, which was partially modulated by the kind of course attended by students.  相似文献   

Determinants of School Performance Among Quechua Children in the Peruvian Andes     

Enrique Jacoby  Santiago Cueto  Ernesto Pollitt 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1999,20(4):27-43

In the rural Andes of Peru, primary school inefficiency ranks higher than in the rest of the country, with a nearly 50 per cent rate of first grade repetition. In 1993 the investigators administered a battery of four psycho-educational tests to 360 schoolchildren in the fourth and fifth grades at ten primary schools in the Andean region of Huaraz. They also recorded the children''s individual characteristics, i.e. family background, nutritional status, and educational attainment, and rated the schools according to educational features such as classroom size, time devoted to learning, and student-teacher ratio. A year later, in 1994, children were re-examined in the schools using the same test battery. All subjects were small for their age, had poor diets, spoke mostly Quechua at home (Spanish in school), lived in a rural environment, and walked considerable distances to school. Regression analyses of the 1993 data indicated that the performance of Quechua children on verbal tests was heavily influenced by family background, while their mathematical competence was related to school experience. On the other hand, improvement in test scores from one year to the next appeared to be strongly related to test performance in 1993 and less clearly to the other recorded variables. Finally, the schools'' promotion rates were clearly associated with test scores from the previous year but less clearly with grade repetition rates.  相似文献   

Nutrition and educational performance     

Ernesto Pollitt 《Prospects》1984,14(4):441-460

  相似文献   

Prevention of child abuse and neglect through early diagnosis of serious disturbances in the mother-child relationship in Italy     

Ernesto Caffo  Gian Paolo Guaraldi  Giorgio Magnani  Rita Tassi 《Child abuse & neglect》1982,6(4):453-463

At the obstetrical clinic of Modena University and a family center of the same municipality during the first six months of 1980 a questionnaire based on "Risks of Child Abuse" by Kempe, Gray and others was administered to 33 expectant mothers during the third trimester of pregnancy, a few days after delivery, and a month and one-half after childbirth, for the purpose of examining the mother-child relationship. Two principal groups of "risk factors" which may lead to child abuse and neglect appeared: mothers with preceding personal and social experiences, and cases of medical intervention (e.g., prematurity, caesarean). Use of a questionnaire that permitted early diagnosis made possible help in establishing a good mother-child relationship in the first months of life. Such help can be given by the hospital and public centers both before and after birth.  相似文献   

Teachers’ reasons for using self-assessment: a survey self-report of Spanish teachers     

Ernesto Panadero  Gavin Brown  Matthew Courtney 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2014,21(4):365-383

The study aimed to explore teachers’ beliefs about student self-assessment (SSA) and the reasons for their use of it in their classrooms. A representative sample of 944 Spanish teachers (38.8% primary school sector, 54.0% secondary school sector and 7.2% university or adult education sector) were surveyed about SSA. Data were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling to determine statistically and theoretically significant predictors of teachers’ self-reported use of SSA. Results showed that 90% of the teachers indicated having used SSA in their courses and 90% reported having positive experiences. A well-fitting structural model found five statistically significant predictors for the use of SSA: (1) positive experience with self-assessment, (2) belief in student participation in assessment, (3) willingness to include self-assessment as percentage of final grade, (4) self-assessment advantages and (5) having attended assessment courses. Statistically significant mean score differences for these factors were found according to level of employment and level of educational qualifications. In conclusion, teachers’ values, attitudes and prior experiences with this type of assessment contributed a significant proportion of self-reported SSA usage.  相似文献   

Electromagnetic Fields,Pulsed Radiofrequency Radiation,and Epigenetics: How Wireless Technologies May Affect Childhood Development          下载免费PDF全文

Cindy Sage  Ernesto Burgio 《Child development》2018,89(1):129-136

Mobile phones and other wireless devices that produce electromagnetic fields (EMF) and pulsed radiofrequency radiation (RFR) are widely documented to cause potentially harmful health impacts that can be detrimental to young people. New epigenetic studies are profiled in this review to account for some neurodevelopmental and neurobehavioral changes due to exposure to wireless technologies. Symptoms of retarded memory, learning, cognition, attention, and behavioral problems have been reported in numerous studies and are similarly manifested in autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, as a result of EMF and RFR exposures where both epigenetic drivers and genetic (DNA) damage are likely contributors. Technology benefits can be realized by adopting wired devices for education to avoid health risk and promote academic achievement.  相似文献   

Asynchronous periodic event-triggered control with dynamical controllers     

Ernesto Aranda-Escolástico  Carlos Rodríguez  María Guinaldo  José Luis Guzmán  Sebastián Dormido 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2018,355(8):3455-3469

  相似文献   

Accuracy,intra- and inter-unit reliability,and comparison between GPS and UWB-based position-tracking systems used for time–motion analyses in soccer     

Alejandro Bastida Castillo  Carlos D. Gómez Carmona  Ernesto De la cruz sánchez  José Pino Ortega 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(4):450-457

There is interest in the accuracy and inter-unit reliability of position-tracking systems to monitor players. Research into this technology, although relatively recent, has grown exponentially in the last years, and it is difficult to find professional team sport that does not use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology at least. The aim of this study is to know the accuracy of both GPS-based and Ultra Wide Band (UWB)-based systems on a soccer field and their inter- and intra-unit reliability. A secondary aim is to compare them for practical applications in sport science. Following institutional ethical approval and familiarization, 10 healthy and well-trained former soccer players (20?±?1.6 years, 1.76?±?0.08?cm, and 69.5?±?9.8?kg) performed three course tests: (i) linear course, (ii) circular course, and (iii) a zig–zag course, all using UWB and GPS technologies. The average speed and distance covered were compared with timing gates and the real distance as references. The UWB technology showed better accuracy (bias: 0.57–5.85%), test–retest reliability (%TEM: 1.19), and inter-unit reliability (bias: 0.18) in determining distance covered than the GPS technology (bias: 0.69–6.05%; %TEM: 1.47; bias: 0.25) overall. Also, UWB showed better results (bias: 0.09; ICC: 0.979; bias: 0.01) for mean velocity measurement than GPS (bias: 0.18; ICC: 0.951; bias: 0.03).  相似文献