R&D offshoring and the productivity growth of European regions     

Davide Castellani  Fabio Pieri 《Research Policy》2013

The recent increase in R&D offshoring has raised fears that knowledge and competitiveness in advanced countries may be at risk of ‘hollowing out’. At the same time, economic research has stressed that this process is also likely to allow some reverse technology transfer and foster growth at home. This paper addresses this issue by investigating the extent to which R&D offshoring is associated with productivity dynamics of European regions.  相似文献   

Natural-Born Arguers: Teaching How to Make the Best of Our Reasoning Abilities     

Hugo Mercier  Maarten Boudry  Fabio Paglieri  Emmanuel Trouche 《教育心理学家》2017,52(1):1-16

We summarize the argumentative theory of reasoning, which claims that the main function of reasoning is to argue. In this theory, argumentation is seen as being essentially cooperative (people have to listen to others' arguments and be ready to change their mind) but with an adversarial dimension (their goal as argument producers is to convince). Consistent with this theory, the experimental literature shows that solitary reasoning is biased and lazy, whereas reasoning in group discussion produces good results, provided some conditions are met. We formulate recommendations for improving reasoning performance, mainly, to make people argue more and better by creating felicitous conditions for group discussion. We also make some suggestions for improving solitary reasoning, in particular to maximize students' exposure to arguments challenging their positions. Teaching people about the value of argumentation is likely to improve not only immediate reasoning performance but also long-term solitary reasoning skills.  相似文献   

Analysis of the intraseasonal stability of field test performances in young academy soccer players     

Fabio Massimo Francioni  António José Figueiredo  Marco Terribili  Antonio Tessitore 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(10):966-972

This study aimed to observe the intraseasonal stability of anthropometric, technical and functional test results in academy soccer players of different age categories. In total, 103 participants (age range: 7.7–13.4 years) by 5 age categories of the same academy were recruited for this study. Players were submitted to a field-test battery comprising 3 anthropometric measurements (body mass, stature and body mass index), 6 soccer technical tests (to assess the ability of ball control, ball control with the head, pass accuracy, shooting accuracy, dribbling and dribbling with pass) and 3 functional tests (countermovement jump with the hands on the hip, countermovement jump with free hands and 15-m linear sprint) that was administered in 4 test sessions during the same season. Though anthropometric results showed a clear increment in each age category across the season, the fluctuation of technical test results depended on age category and test session. Moreover, a significant increase in the results of functional tests was observed in most of the age categories, in particular, for the assessment of lower power limb. In conclusion, collecting repeated intraseason measurements permits the identification of players’ fluctuations of performance across the season and allows coaches to make frequent adjustments of their programmes.  相似文献   

Twitter Use During TV: A Full-Season Analysis of #serviziopubblico Hashtag     

Luca Rossi  Fabio Giglietto 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2016,60(2):331-346

Several recent reports pointed out how the practice of using a “second screen” while following a television program is becoming an increasingly widespread phenomenon. When the secondary device is used to read or to comment about a watched program, most of the discussion takes place on popular social media such as Facebook and Twitter. Previous research has shown that the analysis of these contents could lead to a better understanding of the behavior of networked publics and of the structure of the show itself. Nevertheless most of the existing research is focused on the content only and focused on a single episode analysis or on big media events. Leveraging this background, this article presents instead a study focused on the relationships between content and users across an entire airing season of a TV program. Through a quantitative network analysis of the tweets produced during 25 episodes of the Italian political talks show Servizio Pubblico, we identified a small loyal group of viewers. Despite the differences in quantity of content produced, the loyal viewers do not show any sign of forming a community-like structure. We also performed a qualitative analysis of the tweets produced during one specific episode and discussed the elements of the TV show that generated the higher level of engagement on Twitter.  相似文献   

Effects of beliefs about meaning construction and task instructions on interpretation of narrative text     

Lucia Mason  Fabio Scirica  Laura Salvi 《Contemporary educational psychology》2006,31(4):411-437

Two dimensions of students’ beliefs about meaning construction in reading processes, transmission and transaction beliefs, were studied. According to transmission beliefs, the reader’s task is to understand the author’s intended meaning, while transaction beliefs assign to the reader the role of active meaning constructor. Students’ beliefs were ascertained by means of a questionnaire (Schraw, 2000), and the effects of these beliefs on narrative text comprehension and interpretation were examined. The first study, involving 52 students in grade 11, showed that transaction beliefs positively affected text interpretation in the form of personal and thematic responses. Study 2, involving 202 students in grades 7 and 11, revealed the influence of transaction beliefs on text comprehension, thematic, and personal interpretative responses, and overall meaning construction. It also showed the positive effects of giving specific rather than generic instructions for the interpretative task. Moreover, grade level significantly affected text comprehension and interpretation. Finally, differences in student performances were also related to the type of high school they were enrolled in.  相似文献   

Stochastic identification and digital control of a heat exchanger: a simulation test case     

Sergio Bittanti  Fabio Romeo  Riccardo Scattolini 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1984,318(1):29-56

In this paper, an extended simulation study is presented by which the power of modern digital identification and control methodology is tested against the nontrivial dynamics of a relatively simple yet nonelementary plant. Many critical issues which may significantly affect the success of the entire design process can be discussed along the lines of this study. The plant considered here is a liquid-saturated steam heat exchanger, where the liquid flow-rate is manipulated to regulate the outlet liquid temperature. All the numerical experiments have been conducted by digital simulation of a fairly standard nonlinear distributed parameter model.  相似文献   

Associations between socio‐economic status (including school‐ and pupil‐level interactions) and student perceptions of school environment and health in English secondary schools          下载免费PDF全文

Nichola Shackleton  Elizabeth Allen  Leonardo Bevilacqua  Russell Viner  Chris Bonell 《British Educational Research Journal》2018,44(5):748-762

This article examines interactions between school‐level and pupil‐level measures of socio‐economic status for pupil reports of the school environment and a range of risk behaviours and health outcomes. The baseline survey for the INCLUSIVE trial provided data on pupil affluence and pupil reports of the school environment, smoking, drinking, anti‐social behaviour at school, quality of life and psychological wellbeing for over 6,000 pupils (aged 11–12 years) in 40 schools within a 1‐hour train journey from central London. The level of socio‐economic disadvantage of the school was measured using the percentage of pupils eligible for free school meals. Multilevel regression models examined the association between pupil affluence, the socio‐economic composition of the school and the interaction between these with the school environment, risk behaviours and health outcomes. Our findings provide some evidence for interactions, suggesting that less affluent pupils reported lower psychological wellbeing and quality of life in schools with more socio‐economically advantaged intakes. There appears to be a complex relationship for anti‐social behaviour. Where pupil affluence and school socio‐economic composition were discordant, pupils reported a higher number of anti‐social behaviours. This article provides further evidence that less affluent pupils are more likely to engage in a variety of risk behaviours and experience worse health outcomes when they attend schools with more socio‐economically advantaged intakes, supporting some of the mechanisms described in the theory of human functioning and school organisation.  相似文献   

Preventive thermographic diagnosis of historical buildings for consolidation     

Domenica Paoletti  Dario Ambrosini  Stefano Sfarra  Fabio Bisegna 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2013,14(2):116-121

Conserving architectural heritage usually requires a multidisciplinary approach involving a variety of professionals and organizations. Since the evaluation of the state of conservation of historical buildings using destructive techniques should be avoided to prevent the integrity of the cultural heritage, the development of non-destructive and non-contact techniques is very important. InfraRed (IR) thermography is a non-destructive powerful tool for fast and accurate building diagnostics. In the investigation of historical structures, where a restoration or conservation treatment can cause irreversible damage to the structure, it is considered to be of most importance. A campaign of thermographic surveys were conducted on a large part of the historical cultural heritage of L’Aquila and its surroundings. In this paper we present the results of the study for the Church of Santa Maria ad Cryptas (XIII century), one of the most ancient buildings in the surroundings of L’Aquila and one of the best examples of Gothic art in Abruzzo, with the aim to evaluate the correspondence between the damage induced by the earthquake and the previous thermographic results, in order to validate the effectiveness of thermography and its role in preventive diagnosis.  相似文献   

The Relative Age Effect Among Female Brazilian Youth Volleyball Players     

Fabio H.A. Okazaki  Birgit Keller  Fabio E. Fontana  Jere D. Gallagher 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(1):135-139

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Educational planning and administration in Latin America     

Fabio M. Bustos 《Prospects》1991,21(1):43-50

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