A Quest for Equity? Measuring the Effect of QuestBridge on Economic Diversity at Selective Institutions     

Fernando Furquim  Kristen M. Glasener 《Research in higher education》2017,58(6):646-671

In response to growing income stratification in higher education, President Obama convened a White House Summit in 2014 where over 100 selective institutions committed to increasing the number of low-income students on their campus. One way colleges proposed to do so is through partnerships with college access organizations like QuestBridge, a nonprofit organization that aims to increase the percentage of low-income students at elite universities. While institutions purport that QuestBridge improved socioeconomic diversity, empirical research has not confirmed these claims. In this study, we estimate the effect of QuestBridge on overall access of Pell eligible students at partner institutions using quasi-experimental methods. We find no increase in the economic diversity of colleges after establishing a partnership with QuestBridge, except for colleges simultaneously partnering with QuestBridge and enacting no-loan financial aid policies. We also consider whether participation in QuestBridge increases institutional status through larger application volumes and increased selectivity, and discuss implications for research and practice in the area of stratification.  相似文献   

Lectura y escritura de palabras a través de la ruta fonologica     

Fernando Cuetos 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(45):71-84

Resumen

En este trabajo se investigó si los mecanismos encargados de transformar los grafemas en fonemas son los mismos que transforman los fonemas en grafemas, que funcionan en ambas direcciones o si por el contrario se trata de mecanismos independientes. Para ello se presentó una lista de 40 pseudopalabras para su lectura y escritura a 104 niños de los primeros niveles de escolaridad. Los datos obtenidos parecen indicar que se trata de procesos distintos, ya que no existe concordancia entre las respuestas obtenidas en una y otra tarea. Niños que transformaban correctamente determinados grafemas en fonemas fallaban al convertir esos mismos fonenas en grafemas, y viceversa. Estos resultados podrían tener importantes implicaciones en el aprendizaje de la lectura y la escritura.  相似文献   

Assessing the psychometric properties of Kember and Leung’s Reflection Questionnaire     

Kristen Lethbridge  Mary-Anne Andrusyszyn  Carroll Iwasiw  Heather K.S. Laschinger  Rajulton Fernando 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2013,38(3):303-325

Reflective thinking is often stated as a learning outcome of baccalaureate nursing education, and as a characteristic of a competent professional; however, no consistent method exists to assess the extent to which students engage in reflective thinking. To address this need, Kember and Leung developed and tested a self-report questionnaire based on Mezirow’s conceptualisation of levels of reflective thinking. The purpose of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the Reflection Questionnaire, developed by Kember and Leung. A convenience sample (n?=?538) of third-year baccalaureate nursing students from four collaborative nursing programmes in Ontario was used. Ethical approval was secured from 10 sites. Second-order confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were used to test the factor structure of the Reflection Questionnaire. This research was part of a larger study on reflective thinking and is a first step in validating a four-level measure of reflective thinking, in educational environments, with baccalaureate nursing students. The results of the second-order CFA provide support for the construct validity of reflective thinking. Results of this study contribute to the evidence supporting the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Nurse educators can use this information when implementing the questionnaire, and learning the extent to which students are engaging in the reflective thinking process.  相似文献   

Race and Special Educational Needs in the 1990s     

Fernando Almeida Diniz 《British Journal of Special Education》1999,26(4):213-217

Fernando Almeida Diniz, currently in the Faculty of Education at The University of Edinburgh and formerly Reader in Special Needs in Education at the University of Greenwich, considers the effects of 'institutionalised racism' on the education of black and ethnic minority children with special educational needs.  相似文献   

Educational chances of the poor at the end of the twentieth century     

Fernando Reimers 《Prospects》1999,29(4):480-491

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Dynamics of players’ relative positioning during baseline rallies in tennis     

João Carvalho  Duarte Araújo  Bruno Travassos  Pedro Esteves  Luís Pessanha  Fernando Pereira 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(14):1596-1605

Abstract

This study analysed how the relative positioning of players on court influenced patterns of interpersonal coordination in baseline rallies in tennis. We developed a model (PA index) that assigns a weight to the position of each player on court and determines a positional advantage, based on the relative proportionality between the lateral and longitudinal displacement values during rallies. To test the model, data from 27 randomly-selected baseline rallies from three ATP World Tour matches (professional tennis players' tournaments organized by Association of Tennis Professionals) on clay were analysed. Results revealed that the PA index of players on court described their interpersonal coordination dynamics during baseline rallies. It also identified the emergence of rally breaks in the interpersonal coordination patterns of competing dyads that led to a point being scored. Data suggest that positional advantage data may assist coaches in the design of training tasks to enhance players' court coverage and performance during competitive interactions, acting as a valuable tool for performance analysis in tennis.  相似文献   

Reaction time and muscle activation patterns in elite and novice athletes performing a taekwondo kick     

Ulysses Fernandes Ervilha  Fernando de Moraes Fernandes  Camila Carvalho de Souza  Joseph Hamill 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2020,19(5):665-677

ABSTRACT

Fractionated reaction time can be used to determine distinct epochs known as pre-motor, response and movement times (MTs) of a reaction time task. The purpose of this study was to compare elite and novice athletes performing a taekwondo kick in terms of the fractionated reaction time and electromyography (EMG) activation patterns of the muscles of the striking lower limb and the lower back. We hypothesised that the pre-motor time, response time (RT) and MT would be the shorter for elite athletes compared to novices. We collected data on 13 elite and 10 novice athletes when performing a roundhouse kick. The experiment included EMG electrodes placed on five low back and lower extremity muscles and an electrogoniometer placed on the kicking knee. We found that pre-motor time was shorter and the RT was longer for elite athletes than novice athletes. Moreover, the integrated EMG of the main knee extensor does not differ between groups though other leg and trunk muscles do. The results allow coaches and teachers to understand this particular taekwondo kicking movement which could ultimately improve the technique in order to establish training and teaching goals.  相似文献   

Framing Political Change     

Fernando Ramos Arenas  Virginia Martín Jiménez 《Media History》2020,26(2):215-229

This article chooses a comparative approach in order to analyze the role played by mass media during the attempted coup d’état in Spain starting on 23 February 1981 and the opening of the Berlin Wall in November 1989. Both episodes demonstrate the media's capacity to articulate political change through their contextualization of particular events. The text focuses on the capacity of the media to frame political episodes, to generate interpretations and thus provide the basis for specific reactions in different audience groups or political instances. For a short period of time (limited to just some hours), the radio and the press in Spain as well as television in East Germany assumed a ‘para-political’ role and set certain events in motion that led to the end of the coup and the fall of the Wall respectively.  相似文献   

Machismo and higher education: Examining the relation between caballerismo and ethnic identity,support seeking,and sense of connectedness among college Latinos     

Fernando Estrada  Paul Jimenez 《Journal of Latinos & Education》2018,17(3):215-224

Latino men, part of the nation’s largest and fastest-growing minority group, stand to benefit from new knowledge related to factors that positively influence college persistence. In this study, the investigators examined whether machismo—a multidimensional and gendered social construct—was directly and indirectly associated with three outcomes associated with postsecondary success: connectedness at school, ethnic identity, and support-seeking behavior. Hierarchical moderated regression analysis on data from 140 mainly Mexican American undergraduates partially supported the hypotheses. Implications for college counselors and program coordinators are discussed, along with limitations of the study and areas for future scholarship.  相似文献   

Using Project-Based Data in Physics to Examine Television Viewing in Relation to Student Performance in Science     

Fernando Espinoza 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2009,18(5):458-465

Mass media, particularly television, influence public conceptions and attitudes toward learning science. The discovery of an original method that does not rely on self-reported viewing habits to measure the impact of television on students’ performance in science arose from a study of a unit on electricity in a Physics course. In determining the number of television sets at home and the number of hours of operation, data emerged that allowed an investigation of associations between each of these variables and student performance in physics. A negative impact on performance was found in its consistent decrease as both the number of sets and the time the sets are on increase. These results provide dramatic independent confirmation of the negative impact of television viewing on achievement determined through meta-analysis of many studies, and are also consistent with those in the literature at large, particularly from the Third International Mathematics and Science Study, and the National Assessment of Educational Progress. Furthermore, the totally ‘blind’ participation of the subjects lends a degree of authenticity rarely found in a classically designed study. The findings impact scientific literacy, since performance in science and conceptions of science and scientists, are all inextricably linked.  相似文献