University students vary their use of textese in digital messages to suit the recipient          下载免费PDF全文

Nenagh Kemp  Jennifer Clayton 《Journal of Research in Reading》2017,40(Z1):S141-S157

Background

The casual, abbreviated writing style sometimes known as ‘textese’ (e.g., sorry im late ?) has become widespread with the rise of digital communication. We explored Australian university students' views on, and use of, textese across three modalities (text message, Facebook post, email) and three recipient types (friends, peers, lecturers).

Methods

In Study 1, 51 undergraduates composed messages across the three modalities to the three recipient types. They also rated the appropriateness of messages written with high, medium and no textese, across modality and recipient types. In Study 2, 37 additional students provided examples of their own sent messages across modalities and recipients.

Results

Overall, participants rated textese use as more appropriate, and used significantly more textese, in messages to friends, than to peers, than to lecturers.

Conclusions

Undergraduates are sensitive to when and where it is appropriate to use textese and vary their use (and opinions) of written language as a function of the recipient.

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Direct and indirect calorimetry of lactate oxidation: implications for whole-body energy expenditure     

Scott CB  Kemp RB 《Journal of sports sciences》2005,23(1):15-19

Whole-body energy expenditure for heavy/severe exercise is currently accounted for by either: (1) anaerobic and oxygen uptake measures during exercise where recovery energy expenditure is omitted; or (2) oxygen uptake during, and an EPOC (excess post-exercise oxygen consumption), measure following exercise where substrate level phosphorylation during exercise is considered part of EPOC. Simultaneous direct/indirect calorimetry enabled us to determine if a thermodynamic reversal (i.e. heat consumption) takes place as the highly exothermic pyruvate to lactate reaction proceeds in the opposite direction. Reversibility implies that oxygen uptake (e.g. EPOC) can indeed account for rapid glycolytic ATP production regardless if lactate is formed or not (e.g. 1.2 g glucose catabolism = 20.9 kJ x l O2(-1)). Cultured hybrid cells and mouse cardiac muscle fibres were utilized in simultaneous calorimetry and respirometry experiments where pyruvate or lactate was predominantly oxidized. The calorimetric to respiratory ratio was determined using heat flux (pW x cell(-1)) and oxygen flux (pmol x s(-1) cell(-1)) measures. Ten cell experiments gave calorimetric to respiratory ratios that showed no statistical difference (P= 0.97) whether cells respired predominantly on lactate (-516+/-53 kJ x mol O2(-1)) or pyruvate (- 517+/-89 kJ x mol O2(-1)). In three cardiac preparations, the calorimetric to respiratory ratio was -502+/-15 kJ x mol O2(-1) for lactate and -506+/-47 kJ x mol O2(-1) for pyruvate, again a non-significant difference (P= 0.91). Heat consumption did not occur during lactate oxidation. These results suggest that rapid glycolytic ATP and lactate production, and lactate oxidation, are both independently associated with heat production and thus represent separate and additive components to the measurement of total energy expenditure for exercise and recovery.  相似文献   

Experimental problem solving: An instructional improvement field experiment     

John A. Ross  Florence J. Maynes 《科学教学研究杂志》1983,20(6):543-556

An instructional program based on expert-novice differences in experimental problem-solving performance was taught to grade 6 students (N = 265). Classes of students were randomly assigned to conditions in a delayed treatment design. Performance was assessed with multiple-choice and open-ended measures of specific transfer. Between group comparisons using pretest scores as a covariate showed that treatment condition students consistently outperformed controls; similar results were revealed in the within group comparisons. The achievement of the early treatment group did not decline in tests administered one month after the posttest.  相似文献   

AV Production activities in school systems     

Kemp  Jerrold E. 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1957,5(1):381-386

Educational technology research and development -  相似文献   

Parental verbal strategies and children’s capacities at 3 and 5 years during a memory task     

Florence Labrell  Guillaume Ubersfeld 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2004,19(2):189-202

In order to study the influence on memorization of external inputs as well as children’s own strategies, we examined both parental discourses in terms of distancing (Sigel, 1970) and spontaneous rehearsal by children during a memory task. Our aim was to assess the influence of each factor for children between 3 and 5 years of age. In our study of 72 parent-child dyads (36 dyads at 3 years and 36 dyads at 5 years), an initial factorial analysis revealed that parental discourse was organized on three levels of distancing: a basic level, a recontextualization level and a symbolic level. We also found that the children’s memory performances at both ages were chiefly influenced by the symbolic level, the most cognitively demanding. Lastly, the children’s rehearsal did not have any significant effect on memory performances, unlike their age, which was the primary predictor. A model featuring the various factors we studied is proposed in the discussion.  相似文献   

Computer-aided publishing and open learning materials     

David Kember  Neale Kemp 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》1989,20(1):11-26

The authors discuss the potential impact of computer-aided publishing hardware and software on the production of distance education and self-instructional study material. They compare the capabilities of computer-aided publishing systems with those of other equipment. General typographic design criteria are raised.
The implications of the availability of computer-aided publishing systems are then discussed in relation to the production of printed learning materials. Computer-aided publishing systems have benefits in revealing instructional design strategies, aiding development and revision, and in the production and incorporation of graphics. However, an ability to operate the software does not guarantee the production of high quality printed materials. The knowledge and skills of the graphic designer are as necessary as ever.  相似文献   

A Comparison of the Expressive Language Opportunities Provided by Shared Book Reading and Facilitated Play for Young Children with Mild to Moderate Intellectual Disabilities     

Juli Davie  Coral Kemp 《教育心理学》2002,22(4):445-460

ABSTRACT In this study, which aimed to compare the expressive language opportunities provided by shared book reading and facilitated play, the language of 22 young children with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities and delayed language was examined. The children were videotaped while interacting with a facilitator during a session that included both book reading and play. Two different protocols were used to analyse the children's language in both conditions. The first protocol was used to document the number of intelligible, unintelligible and inaudible utterances and the second protocol was used to examine the intelligible utterances in relation to their complexity and function. The findings indicated that shared book reading elicited more language, more intelligible language and more complex language than the facilitated play condition. Results also suggested that shared book reading allowed for more conversational interaction between the children and the facilitators. The indications are that shared book reading may provide better opportunities than facilitated play for collecting a representative language sample from young children with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities.  相似文献   

Teaching under Lockdown: the experiences of London English teachers     

Carys Evans  CJ O’Connor  Thomas Graves  Florence Kemp  Alex Kennedy  Phoebe Allen 《Changing English: An International Journal of English Teaching》2020,27(3):244-254

ABSTRACT

In response to the Covid-19 pandemic, on 18 March 2020, Prime Minister Boris Johnson announced the immediate closure of schools in England. (The closure was not absolute: schools would remain open for vulnerable children and the children of key workers. In practice, though, very few children have continued to attend.) In what follows, nine English teachers reflect on their experience of teaching under lockdown.  相似文献   

Beyond Subject Specific Approaches of Teaching and Learning: Comparative Didactics     

Florence Ligozat  Chantal Amade-Escot  Leif Östman 《Interchange》2015,46(4):313-321

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Sir Philip Ben greet produces     

Florence May Warner 《Quarterly Journal of Speech》2013,99(1):102-108

HERMENEUTICS: INTERPRETATION THEORY IN SCHLEIERMACHER, DILTHEY, HEIDEGGER, AND GADAMER. By Richard E. Palmer. (Northwestern University Studies in Phenomenology &; Existential Philosophy). Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1969; pp. xviii+283. $9.00.

VALIDITY IN INTERPRETATION. By E. D. Hirsch, Jr. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1967; pp. xii+287. $6.50.  相似文献