Dealing with difference in the divided educational context: balancing freedom of expression and non-discrimination in Northern Ireland and Israel     

Helen Hanna 《Compare》2017,47(1):17-31

It has long been established that an effective citizenship education in a multicultural society must incorporate some exposure to a variety of views on different topics. However, the ability and willingness to deal with difference relating to controversial matters of national identity, narrative and conflict vary. This is not least the case in the ethno-nationally divided and conflict-affected jurisdictions of Northern Ireland and Israel. This article relates qualitative research conducted among students, teachers and policy-makers in these two jurisdictions that explores the area of dealing with difference within citizenship education. Using the starting point of a framework based on international law on education, the article goes on to consider how freedom of expression and non-discrimination are variously interpreted and balanced when exploring controversial issues in the classroom of a divided society.  相似文献   

College application behavior: who is strategic? Does it help?     

Hanna Ayalon 《Higher Education》2007,54(6):885-905

The paper examines whether college application behavior assists members of privileged social groups to preserve their advantages in diversified higher education systems. The study is based on a survey conducted in Israel in 1999 on a sample of 4,061 freshmen in the research universities and the academic colleges, which are often perceived as the second tier of higher education. The findings show that strategic application behavior helps less able children of academic parents to achieve the summit of higher education: studying lucrative fields of study at the research universities. Mizrachim, the disadvantaged Jewish ethnic group, are strategic when applying for lucrative fields of study, but it does not affect their actual enrollment. Strategic application behavior helps Arabs, the most disadvantaged group in Israel, increase their odds of achieving the “worst” option, studying non-lucrative fields in colleges. Talented women successfully practice strategic behavior when applying for lucrative fields of study. The effects of strategic application behavior are, thus, mixed. It helps in preserving socio-economic and ethnic inequalities, but also helps in reducing gender inequality among talented students.

Hanna AyalonEmail:

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Increased learning observed in redesigned introductory biology course that employed web-enhanced, interactive pedagogy     

McDaniel CN  Lister BC  Hanna MH  Roy H 《CBE life sciences education》2007,6(3):243-249

Our Introduction to Biology course (BIOL 1010) changed in 2004 from a standard instructor-centered, lecture-homework-exam format to a student-centered format that used Web-enhanced, interactive pedagogy. To measure and compare conceptual learning gains in the traditional course in fall 2003 with a section of the interactive course in fall 2004, we created concept inventories for both evolution and ecology. Both classes were taught by the same instructor who had taught BIOL 1010 since 1976, and each had a similar student composition with comparable biological knowledge. A significant increase in learning gain was observed with the Web-enhanced, interactive pedagogy in evolution (traditional, 0.10; interactive, 0.19; p = 0.024) and ecology (traditional, -0.05; interactive, 0.14; p = 0.000009) when assessment was made unannounced and for no credit in the last week of classes. These results strengthen the case for augmenting or replacing instructor-centered teaching with Web-enhanced, interactive, student-centered teaching. When assessment was made using the final exam in the interactive course, for credit and after studying, significantly greater learning gains were made in evolution (95%, 0.37, p = 0.0001) and ecology (143%, 0.34, p = 0.000003) when compared with learning gains measured without credit or study in the last week of classes.  相似文献   

Inquiry-Based Science and Technology Enrichment Program: Green Earth Enhanced with Inquiry and Technology     

Hanna Kim 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2011,20(6):803-814

This study investigated the effectiveness of a guided inquiry integrated with technology, in terms of female middle-school students’ attitudes toward science/scientists and content knowledge regarding selective science concepts (e.g., Greenhouse Effect, Air/Water Quality, Alternative Energy, and Human Health). Thirty-five female students who were entering eighth grade attended an intensive, 1-week Inquiry-Based Science and Technology Enrichment Program which used a main theme, “Green Earth Enhanced with Inquiry and Technology.” We used pre- and post-attitude surveys, pre- and post-science content knowledge tests, and selective interviews to collect data and measure changes in students’ attitudes and content knowledge. The study results indicated that at the post-intervention measures, participants significantly improved their attitudes toward science and science-related careers and increased their content knowledge of selected science concepts (p < .05).  相似文献   

Congenitally deaf children's care trajectories in the context of universal neonatal hearing screening: a qualitative study of the parental experiences     

Hardonk S  Desnerck G  Loots G  Van Hove G  Van Kerschaver E  Sigurjónsdóttir HB  Vanroelen C  Louckx F 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》2011,16(3):305-324

The objective of this study is to examine the early care trajectories of congenitally deaf children from a parental perspective, starting with universal neonatal hearing screenings. The analysis using a three-dimensional care trajectory concept is aimed at developing a basic typology of postscreening care trajectories. Children with severe/profound hearing loss, registered in the Flanders' (Belgium) universal neonatal hearing screening program, born between 1999 and 2001. Thematic content analysis of qualitative data collected retrospectively from participant's parents. Two basic types of care trajectories emerged; based on differences in care-use in the phase of further diagnosis and related parental experiences. Subtypes resulted from events related to cochlear implantation. Five trajectory phases were identified: screening, further diagnosis, care and technology, cochlear implantation, and reduction of care and were characterized by specific parental experiences such as confusion, disbelief, disappointment, and uncertainty. Those experiences relate to care professionals' acts and communication and the child's functional evolution. Early care interventions could benefit from coordinated transition between phases, parent support throughout the care trajectory, and a broad approach to deafness in professionals' communication.  相似文献   

On “an improved approach for nonlinear system identification using neural networks”     

Andrew I. Hanna  Danilo P. Mandic 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2003,340(5):363-370

Nonlinear system identification and prediction is a complex task, and often non-parametric models such as neural networks are used in place of intricate mathematics. To that cause, recently an improved approach to nonlinear system identification using neural networks was presented in Gupta and Sinha (J. Franklin Inst. 336 (1999) 721). Therein a learning algorithm was proposed in which both the slope of the activation function at a neuron, β, and the learning rate, η, were made adaptive. The proposed algorithm assumes that η and β are independent variables. Here, we show that the slope and the learning rate are not independent in a general dynamical neural nétwork, and this should be taken into account when designing a learning algorithm. Further, relationships between η and β are developed which helps reduce the number of degrees of freedom and computational complexity in an optimisation task of training a fully adaptive neural network. Simulation results based on Gupta and Sinha (1999) and the proposed approach support the analysis.  相似文献   

PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN IN POLISH HIGHER EDUCATION     

Hanna Jablonska‐Skinder 《Higher Education in Europe》1981,6(3):13-18

The article analyses the progress in the participation of women in Polish higher education, with respect to different fields of study and their position in graduate studies, as well as in professional life, where she underlines the dangers of the feminization of certain professions

Mrs. Jablonska‐Skinder is scientific secretary of the Institute of Science Policy, Technological Progress and Higher Education, Warsaw, Poland  相似文献   

Deconstructing Rattan: Morphology of Biogenic Silica in Rattan and Its Impact on Preservation of Southeast Asian Art and Artifacts Made of Rattan     

Hanna M. Szczepanowska 《文物保护研究》2018,63(6):356-374

Rattan, a climbing palm of the tropical region of Southeast Asia (SEA), supplied material for objects of myriad purposes including ceremonial, religious, utilitarian, and artistic as exemplified by the collections at the National Museum of Singapore, Asian Civilization Museum, and the Singapore Art Museum. The aim of this analysis of rattan is to further the understanding of rattan, in particular its surface, and to propose a protocol-enabling positive identification of rattan in artifacts, thus guiding conservation decisions. The rattan surface defines an artifacts esthetic appearance and stability, and understanding its characteristics is essential to the development of an informed preservation strategy. Rattan epidermis morphology, topography, and cellular structure were characterized by a multi-scale and a multi-sensory approach using optical microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The chemical composition was analyzed with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and macro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (m-XRF) and indicated the presence of a siliceous compound, biogenic silica, in the epidermis and phytoliths in vascular tissue. A parallel analytical protocol was applied to samples extracted from museum artifacts (nineteenth-twentieth century) and contemporary objects acquired during field studies in Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Cambodia. The methods of processing rattan have a direct impact on the siliceous layer thus leading to a better understanding of surface patterns found on artifacts. An attempt to find correlations between the percentage of silica and thickness of the siliceous layer did not produce conclusive results; both varied greatly in all studied examples. Darkening of rattan was clearly associated with aging but did not indicate any distinct effect on the chemical composition of the outer layer. The chemical analysis of the biogenic silica layer combined with recording methods of processing rattan observed during field studies in SEA provide a basis for a better understanding of rattan collections in the museum context.  相似文献   

Mathematics achievement of girls and boys in grade eight: results from twenty countries   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gila Hanna 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1989,20(2):225-232

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Effects of a school change project on teachers'' satisfaction with their work and their perceptions of teaching difficulties     

Hanna Shachar 《Teaching and Teacher Education》1997,13(8):799-813

This study assessed teachers' satisfaction and dissatisfaction with their work, as well as their perceptions of the source of difficulties in teaching, as a function of their participation in an in-service instructional change project. A two-part questionnaire was administered to the teachers in the nine participating junior high schools both prior to the start of the project (n=393) and 2 years later (n=313). The first part obtained teachers' statements regarding their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with their work, while the second part asked about the sources of their difficulties in teaching heterogeneous classrooms. Analysis of the statements from part 1 revealed that teachers' satisfaction remained stable over the period of the study while their statements of dissatisfaction, referring primarily from their inability to reach their students and motivate them, declined significantly from the pretest to the post-test. The second part of the questionnaire found that teachers consider their pupils to constitute the main source of their difficulties in teaching rather than their training as teachers or the availability of the proper conditions. This factor declined considerably in salience over the period of the study, but nevertheless remained the most noteworthy source of difficulty, in the perception of these teachers. Results also reveal distinct differences between schools in teachers expression of satisfaction and dissatisfaction with their work.  相似文献