Do quality improvement systems improve health library services? A systematic review     

H Gray  G Sutton  V Treadway 《Health information and libraries journal》2012,29(3):180-196

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Oxidative Stress and Skin Cancer: An Overview     

R. T. Narendhirakannan  M. Angeline Christie Hannah 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(2):110-115

Skin is the largest body organ that serves as an important environmental interface providing a protective envelope that is crucial for homeostasis. On the other hand, it is a major target for toxic insult by a broad spectrum of physical and chemical agents that are capable of altering its structure and function. There are a large number of dietary contaminants and drugs can manifest their toxicity in skin. These environmental toxicants or their metabolites are inherent oxidants and/or directly or indirectly drive the production of a variety of reactive oxidants also known as reactive oxygen species. These are short-lived entities that are continuously generated at low levels during the course of normal aerobic metabolism. These are believed to activate proliferative and cell survival signaling that can alter apoptotic pathways that may be involved in the pathogenesis of a number of skin disorders. The skin possesses an array of antioxidant defense mechanisms that interact with toxicants to obviate their deleterious effect. The “antioxidant power” of a food is an expression of its capability both to defend the human organism from the action of the free radicals and to prevent degenerative disorders. Plants like olive trees have their own built-in protection against the oxidative damage of the sun, and these built-in protectors function as cell protectors in our own body. Although many antioxidants have shown substantive efficacy in cell culture systems and in animal models of oxidant injury, unequivocal confirmation of their beneficial effects in human populations has proven elusive.  相似文献   

In-school and out-of-school physical activity in primary and secondary school children     

Christopher J. Gidlow  Tom Cochrane  Rachel Davey  Hannah Smith 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(13):1411-1419

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare in-school and out-of-school physical activity within a representative sample. Socio-demographic, physical activity, and anthropometric data were collected from a random sample of children (250 boys, 253 girls) aged 3–16 years attending nine primary and two secondary schools. Actigraph GT1M accelerometers, worn for seven days, were used to estimate physical activity levels for in-school (typically 09.00–15.00 h), out-of-school (weekday), and weekend periods. Physical activity as accelerometer counts per minute were lower in school versus out of school overall (in school: 437.2 ± 172.9; out of school: 575.5 ± 202.8; P < 0.001), especially in secondary school pupils (secondary: 321.6 ± 127.5; primary: 579.2 ± 216.3; P < 0.001). Minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity accumulated in school accounted for 29.4 ± 9.8% of total weekly moderate-to-vigorous physical activity overall but varied by sector (preschool: 37.4 ± 6.2%; primary: 33.6 ± 8.1%; secondary: 23.0 ± 9.3%; F = 114.3, P < 0.001). Approximately half of the children with the lowest in-school activity compensated out of school during the week (47.4%) and about one-third at the weekend (30.0%). Overall, physical activity during the school day appears to be lower than that out of school, especially in secondary school children, who accumulate a lower proportion of their total weekly moderate-to-vigorous physical activity at school than younger children. As low in-school activity was compensated for beyond the school setting by less than half of children, promoting physical activity within the school day is important, especially in secondary schools.  相似文献   

Effects of Joint Attention Mediated Learning for toddlers with autism spectrum disorders: An initial randomized controlled study     

Hannah H. Schertz  Samuel L. Odom  Kathleen M. Baggett  John H. Sideris 《Early childhood research quarterly》2013

The purpose of this study was to determine effects of the Joint Attention Mediated Learning (JAML) intervention on acquisition of joint attention and other early social communication competencies for toddlers with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Twenty-three parents and their toddlers were randomly assigned to JAML or a control condition. Observational assessments were collected at pretest, posttest, and follow-up sessions, while standardized developmental measures were collected at pre- and posttest. Significant intervention-×-time interactions, favoring the intervention group, occurred for the observational measures Focusing on Faces and Responding to Joint Attention, with both having large effect sizes that maintained at follow-up. In addition, significant intervention-×-time effects, also favoring the JAML group were found for receptive language on the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and the Communication sub-domain of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale. The observational measures Turn-Taking and Initiating Joint Attention and the Expressive Communication measure on the Mullen, while not showing significant differences between groups, revealed moderate effect sizes favoring the JAML group, suggesting that a study with more power could well detect significant differences on all of the measures. Findings support a focused, developmentally sequenced, systematic, and family aligned approach that targets preverbal social communication development within parent–child relationships.  相似文献   

Voice and speech examinations in American educational institutions     

Hannah Polster Matthews 《Quarterly Journal of Speech》2013,99(4):456-461

A PHILOSOPHICAL BASIS OF MEDICAL PRACTICE: TOWARD A PHILOSOPHY AND ETHIC OF THE HEALING PROFESSIONS. By Edmund D. Pellegrino and David C. Thomasma. New York: Oxford University Press, 1981; pp. xv + 342. $19.95.

THE SILENT WORLD OF DOCTOR AND PATIENT. By Jay Katz. New York: The Free Press, 1984; pp. xxi + 263. $15.95.

ROUTINE COMPLICATIONS: TROUBLES WITH TALK BETWEEN DOCTORS AND PATIENTS. By Candace West. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1984; pp. xiv + 199. $27.50.

TALKING WITH PATIENTS, VOLUME 1: THE THEORY OF DOCTOR‐PATIENT COMMUNICATION. By Eric J. Cassell. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1985; pp. xiii + 223. $9.95 paper.

TALKING WITH PATIENTS, VOLUME 2: CLINICAL TECHNIQUE. By Eric J. Cassell. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1985; pp. xii + 200. $9.95 paper.  相似文献   

Digital Gaming Perspectives of Older Adults: Content vs. Interaction     

Hannah R. Marston 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(3):194-208

There were two objectives to this study: (a) to establish flow and (2) to establish whether computer game interaction or content was important to the older adult, using the Nintendo Wii and the Sony PlayStation 2 consoles. An earlier study had identified the sports genre as a preference, and three games (golf, tennis, and boxing) were selected that suited play on the game consoles. Participants completed a survey that incorporated the Flow State Scale (FSS). Observations undertaken used, a seven-point scale adapted from the FSS measuring subjects’ ease of use, control of game, enjoyment, concentration, and skill. Participants reported a more positive experience on the Wii console than on the PS2 in relation to the sports genre. Qualitative data collected illustrated participants’ experienced fun, laughter, and smiling and gave more positive aural feedback than the PS2. Two of the three games (golf and tennis) played on the Wii console identified the experience of flow by participants.  相似文献   

“Being a good person in the system we already have will not save us”: interpreting how students narrate and embody the process of social change for sustainability using an agency/structure lens     

Hannah K. Miller 《Environmental Education Research》2018,24(1)

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The impact of maternal responsiveness and control on change in externalising behaviour problems: differences between regular and special schools     

Hannah Margraf  Martin Pinquart 《Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties》2018,23(1):3-14

The present study compared 124 adolescents from special schools for students with emotional and behavioural disturbances (EBDs) and 133 regular schooled adolescents with regard to their perceived maternal behaviour. It was also tested longitudinally whether effects of maternal parenting behaviour on subsequent externalising behaviour vary as a function of school type. The two groups did not differ from each other with regard to perceived maternal parenting behaviour. However, an interaction effect of school type and parenting behaviour on externalising behaviour was found. Maternal warmth/support predicted a decrease and maternal strict control an increase in subsequent problem behaviour only for adolescents from special schools. The importance of parenting programmes especially for parents of adolescents attending special schools for students with EBD is discussed.  相似文献   

International mobility and educational desire: Chinese foreign talent students in Singapore     

Hannah Soong 《British Journal of Educational Studies》2018,66(2):269-272

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An exploration of school mobility: Risks and protective factors in late elementary     

Hannah L. Dinnen  Jack Baker  Renee Dallal  Kristy Brann  Paul D. Flaspohler 《Psychology in the schools》2020,57(12):1864-1877

This study explored negative emotional, behavioral, and academic performance outcomes for highly mobile students and potential protective factors. Participants were fourth and fifth-grade students (N = 647, 51% male) from three schools with low socioeconomic status, highly mobile student populations within a large, suburban school district in the midwestern United States. Data were collected through student self-report surveys, teacher-report surveys, and school records. Multilevel moderation analysis tested whether school connectedness (SC) or social and emotional competence (SEC) acted as protective factors for highly mobile students, moderating the effect of school mobility on emotional problems and academic performance. Student mobility was associated with more emotional problems and lower academic performance. In contrast to past research, there was not an association between mobility and behavior problems. Although they did not act as protective factors, SC and SEC were independently associated with fewer emotional problems and stronger reading performance for all students, controlling for mobility. Results build on existing evidence that student mobility has negative effects on emotional and academic outcomes and lend support for interventions focused on enhancing SC and SEC of all students, including those at increased risk due to high mobility.  相似文献