Book reviews     

Leonard Shatzkin  Arthur P. Young  William Holtz  J. Kendrick Noble  David A. Kronick Ph.D.  Thomas L. Bonn  Thomas L. Bonn 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1996,12(1):86-97

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Roosttime restlessness in captive American Robins (Turdus migratorius)     

Leonard A. Eiserer 《Learning & behavior》1979,7(3):406-412

All-day observations of captive American Robins (Turdus migratorius) revealed that the birds became extremely active at dusk, the time when wild Robins typically fly some distance to a communal roost site. This roosttime restlessness occurred during every month of the year, and so was distinguishable from the migratory restlessness that the birds displayed during early morning hours of spring months. The present observations also uncovered a recapitulation effect, in that the changes in activity level that occurred within any single day (from dawn through dusk) tended to parallel the changes in activity level that occurred across the year (from spring through winter).  相似文献   

Planar asymmetry tips the phonological playground and environment raises the bar     

Eckert MA  Lombardino LJ  Leonard CM 《Child development》2001,72(4):988-1002

Reading readiness varies as a function of family and environmental variables. This study of 11-year-old children (N = 39) was designed to determine if there was an additional or interactive contribution of brain structure. Evidence is presented that both environmental and biological variables predict phonological development. Temporal lobe (planar) asymmetry, hand preference, family history of reading disability, and SES explained over half of the variance in phonological and verbal performance. The results demonstrate a linear association between cerebral organization and phonological skill within socioeconomic groups. These data provide concrete evidence to support the commonly held assumption that both environmental and biological factors are independent determinants of a child's ability to process linguistic information.  相似文献   

Statistics on film: What the official statistics show     

Paul Allin  Leonard Latiff 《Cultural Trends》1998,8(30):5-29

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Management and leadership in higher education : Chester O. McCorkle,Jr. and Sandra O. Archibald. San Francisco,CA: Jossey-Bass, 1982. pp. xx + 236. No price given     

W.Patrick Leonard 《Economics of Education Review》1985,4(1):79-80

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网络嵌入对技术创新绩效的影响:学习能力的视角          下载免费PDF全文

谢洪明  张颖  程聪  陈盈 《科研管理》2014,35(12):1-8

不同网络嵌入方式对企业创新绩效的影响是存在显著差异的。构建了网络嵌入、学习能力和技术创新绩效之间的理论模型,通过运用结构方程模型对广东省高新技术与民营科技型企业为样本的问卷调查数据进行实证分析。研究结果表明:(1)网络结构嵌入对技术创新绩效没有直接的显著影响,也无法通过学习能力的中介对其产生间接的影响作用;(2)网络关系嵌入对技术创新绩效不仅有直接显著的正向影响,而且还能通过学习能力的部分中介作用对技术创新绩效起到显著的正向影响;(3)在小规模企业中,网络密度对于技术创新绩效的作用并不显著。研究结论进一步深化了技术创新理论,对企业技术创新的提升有一定指导意义。  相似文献   

Neuroimaging Studies of Reading Development and Reading Disability     

Kenneth R. Pugh  W. Einar Mencl  Annette R. Jenner  Jun Ren Lee  Leonard Katz  Stephen J. Frost  Sally E. Shaywitz  Bennett A. Shaywitz 《Learning disabilities research & practice》2001,16(4):240-249

Converging evidence from a number of neuroimaging studies, including our own, suggest that fluent word identification in reading is related to the functional integrity of two left hemisphere posterior systems: a temporo-parietal system and a ventral occipito-temporal system. These posterior systems are functionally disrupted in developmental dyslexia. Reading disabled, relative to nonimpaired, readers demonstrate heightened reliance on both inferior frontal and right hemisphere posterior regions, presumably in compensation for the LH posterior difficulties. We propose a neurobiological account suggesting that for normally developing readers the temporo-parietal system predominates at first, and is associated with aspects of processing critical in learning to integrate orthography with phonological and lexical-semantic features of printed words. The occipito-temporal system, by contrast, constitutes a fast, late-developing, word-identification system that underlies fluent word recognition in skilled readers.  相似文献   

OA系统应用开发中用户测试初探     

潘宏铭  王西礼 《重庆工贸职业技术学院学报》2006,(1)

OA系统成功应用的关键,在于最终是否满足了应用者的‘口味’,不同单位有不同的管理需求,必然决定了OA系统的个性化特性,不可能存在通用的OA系统产品,因而用户测试对OA系统项目实用化具有不可替代、不可跳越的关键性作用。本文对用户测试的步骤和方法做了初步的探讨。  相似文献   

Teaching Science Inquiry in Urban Contexts: The Role of Elementary Preservice Teachers’ Beliefs     

Jacqueline Leonard  Joy Barnes-Johnson  Scott Jackson Dantley  Charles Kimber 《The Urban Review》2011,43(1):124-150

This paper reports on a study of elementary preservice teachers’ inquiry-based practices, their efficacy beliefs, and the role beliefs had on two preservice teachers’ practices in urban classrooms. Results show inquiry-based practices can be cultivated through field-based experiences and preservice teachers’ efficacy beliefs, as it relates to practice in urban settings, are malleable. Specifically, personal efficacy beliefs about teaching science improved or were sustained for one cohort of preservice teachers. However, beliefs about students’ ability to learn science, that is outcome beliefs, were less stable. The results of two case studies show that science content knowledge was a factor in preservice teachers’ inquiry-based practices. However, why preservice teachers’ beliefs about student learning declined is less clear. More research is needed, along with follow-up data on teacher induction, to learn how preservice teachers’ beliefs impact urban students’ science education.  相似文献   

Development of a Short-Form Measure of Science and Technology Self-efficacy Using Rasch Analysis   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Richard L. Lamb  David Vallett  Leonard Annetta 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2014,23(5):641-657

Despite an increased focus on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) in U.S. schools, today’s students often struggle to maintain adequate performance in these fields compared with students in other countries (Cheek in Thinking constructively about science, technology, and society education. State University of New York, Albany, 1992; Enyedy and Goldberg 2004; Mandinach and Lewis 2006). In addition, despite considerable pressure to promote the placement of students into STEM career fields, U.S. placement is relatively low (Sadler et al. in Sci Educ 96(3):411–427, 2012; Subotnik et al. in Identifying and developing talent in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM): an agenda for research, policy and practice. International handbook, part XII, pp 1313–1326, 2009). One explanation for the decline of STEM career placement in the U.S. rests with low student affect concerning STEM concepts and related content, especially in terms of self-efficacy. Researchers define self-efficacy as the internal belief that a student can succeed in learning, and that understanding student success lies in students’ externalized actions or behaviors (Bandura in Psychol Rev 84(2):191–215, 1977). Evidence suggests that high self-efficacy in STEM can result in student selection of STEM in later educational endeavors, culminating in STEM career selection (Zeldin et al. in J Res Sci Teach 45(9):1036–1058, 2007). However, other factors such as proficiency play a role as well. The lack of appropriate measures of self-efficacy can greatly affect STEM career selection due to inadequate targeting of this affective trait and loss of opportunity for early intervention by educators. Lack of early intervention decreases selection of STEM courses and careers (Valla and Williams in J Women Minor Sci Eng 18(1), 2012; Lent et al. in J Couns Psychol 38(4), 1991). Therefore, this study developed a short-form measure of self-efficacy to help identify students in need of intervention.  相似文献