Assessing the response of indigenous loquat cultivar Mardan to phytohormones for in vitro shoot proliferation and rooting     

Nadeem Akhtar Abbasi  Tariq Pervaiz  Ishfaq Ahmed Hafiz  Mehwish Yaseen  Azhar Hussain 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2013,14(9):774-784

In vitro cultures of loquat cultivar Mardan were established using shoot apices after treating with NaOCl (5%, 7%, 10%, 12%, 14% (v/v)) for 12 min and HgCl₂ (0.01%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.20%, 0.25% (w/v)) for 2 min. A maximum survival rate of 70% was recorded after surface sterilization with 10% NaOCl. Caulogenic response was assessed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with assorted combinations of the cytokinins, benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin, and N6-(2-isopentyl)adenine (2iP). Treatment of BAP 1.5 mg/L combined with 2iP 9.0 mg/L and kinetin 1.5 mg/L was found to be optimum for shoot morphogenesis in terms of the number and subsequent growth of shoots, while the highest shoot length was yielded by the combination of BAP 0.5 mg/L, kinetin 0.5 mg/L, and 2iP 3 mg/L. Higher levels of cytokinins induced callogenesis, vitrification and stunted growth to some extent. For rhizogenesis, uniform sized micro-shoots were excised and transferred to half-strength MS medium containing auxins. The best rooting expression was observed with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) 1 mg/L combined with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) 2 mg/L and paclobutrazol (PBZ) 1 mg/L.  相似文献   

Application of automated image analysis to the identification and extraction of recyclable plastic bottles     

Edgar Scavino  Dzuraidah Abdul Wahab  Aini Hussain  Hassan Basri  Mohd Marzuki Mustafa 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2009,10(6):794-799

An experimental machine vision apparatus was used to identify and extract recyclable plastic bottles out of a conveyor belt. Color images were taken with a commercially available Webcam, and the recognition was performed by our homemade software, based on the shape and dimensions of object images. The software was able to manage multiple bottles in a single image and was additionally extended to cases involving touching bottles. The identification was fulfilled by comparing the set of measured features with an existing database and meanwhile integrating various recognition techniques such as minimum distance in the feature space, self-organized maps, and neural networks. The recognition system was tested on a set of 50 different bottles and provided so far an accuracy of about 97% on bottle identification. The extraction of the bottles was performed by means of a pneumatic arm, which was activated according to the plastic type; polyethylene-terephthalate （PET） bottles were left on the conveyor belt, while non-PET bottles were extracted. The software was designed to provide the best compromise between reliability and speed for real-time applications in view of the commercialization of the system at existing recycling plants.  相似文献   

Divergences in learning and memory among wild zebrafish: Do sex and body size play a role?     

Tamal Roy  Anuradha Bhat 《Learning & behavior》2018,46(2):124-133

Given its diverse ecological distribution, zebrafish has great potential for investigations on the effect of habitat characteristics on cognition. Studies were conducted on four wild-caught zebrafish populations to understand the role of native habitat, sex, and body size in determining learning through a novel task associated with a food reward. The habitat variables, namely, the relative abundances of zebrafish and predatory fish and the substrate and vegetation diversity, were quantified during fish sampling. Fish were subjected to a novel task to find a food reward in a maze over successive training trials followed by a test for memory. Performances of subjects were based on time taken to find the food reward and number of mistakes made during trials, and tests for memory. The experiments revealed significant differences in learning rates and memory across populations. Males made significantly fewer mistakes than females only within two populations. No relationship between performance and body size was observed. The differences in learning and memory among wild zebrafish could be due to differences in predation, complexity, and stability of the native habitats. These findings suggest the possible role of multiple interacting factors in determining learning and memory among populations and point to a need for incorporating effects of several factors in future studies.  相似文献   

Degree Switching Operations in Networks and Large Scale Systems Assignment Problems     

Kabekode V.S. Bhat 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1980,309(5):369-377

In this paper an algorithm is presented for listing all output sets for a large sparse square matrix A arising in large scale systems applications using network theory and the degree switching operations. The algorithm exploits the zero nonzero structure of matrix A and uses optimum data structures and data manipulation methods. The method is shown to be useful in finding all optimum assignments in an n x n optimum assignment problem and generation of all digraphs that can be associated with an n x nsparse matrix. The problem of testing whether there exists a set of vertex disjoint cycles of specified lengths in a network is shown to be NP-complete.  相似文献   

Optimum tearing in large scale systems and minimum feedback cutsets of a digraph     

Kabekode V.S. Bhat  Bharat Kinariwala 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1979,307(2):83-94

In this paper we consider the problem of finding a minimum number of nonzero elements of a given nxn matrix on removal of which the resulting matrix can be permuted to an nxn lower triangular matrix using summetric permutations on the rows and columns of the matrix. The problem is related to finding a minimum feedback cutset for the digraph of the matrix. A topological method for finding a minimum feedback cutset for a given digraph is presented. Possible extensions to our work are indicated.  相似文献   

Nd3+-Yb3+-Ho3+掺杂四氟化锆玻璃的Ho3+上转换特性研究     

Shaukat S.F  董亚明  Hussain M  Farooq R  李光远 《上海大学学报(英文版)》2002,6(1)

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Think it over     

B. V. Rajarama Bhat 《Resonance》1997,2(8):78-78

This section of Resonanceis meant to raise thought-provoking, interesting, or just plain brainteasing questions every month, and discuss answers a few months later. Readers are welcome to send in suggestions for such questions, solutions to questions already posed, comments on the solutions discussed in the journal, etc. to ResonanceIndian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore 560 080, with “Think It Over” written on the cover or card to help us sort the correspondence. Due to limitations of space, it may not be possible to use all the material received. However, the coordinators of this section (currently R Nityananda and C S Yogananda) will try and select items which best illustrate various ideas and concepts, for inclusion in this section.  相似文献   

Right-wing populism and education: Introduction to the special section     

Saba Hussain  Reva Yunus 《British Educational Research Journal》2021,47(2):247-263

This introduction offers an overview of the concept of populism, the debates around its definitions and its relationship with democracy and the significance of attending to populist politics in the context of education. It also lays out the political contexts in which authors have engaged with education and populist politics in the UK, Brazil and Israel, and the ways in which they understand populist shifts in education. Detailing the two main conceptions of populism used by authors in the special section, namely, populism as ideology and populism as political logic, we discuss how authors understand the construction of ‘the people’ and ‘the elite’, and the implications of the ‘antagonism’ between them in each case. Dividing the nine articles in the special section into three groups, we look at the ways in which right-wing populism has sought to (re)shape divisions based on race, religion and nationalities, among other things; how political and pedagogic practices are being (re)imagined to counter these divisions and populist moves; and the stakes of bringing the question of populism into education. We show how this special section has brought together different conversations and disciplinary perspectives on right-wing shifts in education, challenges to these and a potential way forward. Most importantly, we invite readers to think through the shifting role of education in democracy, as well as the divisions and hierarchies that are entailed in institutionalised education.  相似文献   

Online Bullying among High-School Students in India     

Christine Suniti Bhat  Moira A. Ragan  Priscilla R. Selvaraj  Benjamin J. Shultz 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》2017,39(2):112-124

Six hundred and forty high-school students (Grades 7–12) from a large central government school in South India participated in this exploratory study of online bullying (cyberbullying) in India. Participants responded to the Survey on Social Use of Information and Communications Technology (SSUICT; Bhat and Ragan 2013). Findings indicated that approximately half the participants experienced online bullying in one or more roles described by Bhat et al. Education about Asia, 2(18), 36–39, (2013), with these being: initiating online bully, secondary online bully, bystander, or target of online bullying. Overall, engagement in online bullying tended to increase with grade level, and participation in the role of secondary online bully was the highest of the four roles for Grades 8–12. Male participants reported higher engagement in all four roles than female participants, and this difference was significant for the roles of initiating online bully, secondary online bully, and target of online bullying. Significant correlations were found between the four roles of online bullying. Recommendations for addressing the issue of online bullying in the Indian context are provided, along with limitations of the study and suggestions for future research.  相似文献   

Endophytes from medicinal plants and their potential for producing indole acetic acid,improving seed germination and mitigating oxidative stress     

Abdul Latif Khan  Syed Abdullah Gilani  Muhammad Waqas  Khadija Al-Hosni  Salima Al-Khiziri  Yoon-Ha Kim  Liaqat Ali  Sang-Mo Kang  Sajjad Asaf  Raheem Shahzad  Javid Hussain  In-Jung Lee  Ahmed Al-Harrasi 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2017,18(2):125-137

Medicinal plants have been used by marginal communities to treat various ailments. However, the potential of endophytes within these bio-prospective medicinal plants remains unknown. The present study elucidates the endophytic diversity of medicinal plants (Caralluma acutangula, Rhazya stricta, and Moringa peregrina) and the endophyte role in seed growth and oxidative stress. Various organs of medicinal plants yielded ten endophytes, which were identified as Phoma sp. (6 isolates), Alternaria sp. (2), Bipolaris sp. (1), and Cladosporium sp. (1) based on 18S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The culture filtrates (CFs; 25%, 50%, and 100% concentrations) from these endophytes were tested against the growth of normal and dwarf mutant rice lines. Endophytic CF exhibited dose-dependent growth stimulation and suppression effects. CF (100%) of Phoma sp. significantly increased rice seed germination and growth compared to controls and other endophytes. This growth-promoting effect was due to the presence of indole acetic acid in endophytic CF. The gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis showed the highest indole acetic acid content ((54.31±0.21) μmol/L) in Bipolaris sp. In addition, the isolate of Bipolaris sp. exhibited significantly higher radical scavenging and anti-lipid peroxidation activity than the other isolates. Bipolaris sp. and Phoma sp. also exhibited significantly higher flavonoid and phenolic contents. The medicinal plants exhibited the presence of bio-prospective endophytic strains, which could be used for the improvement of crop growth and the mitigation of oxidative stresses.  相似文献