2 × 2 Achievement goals and achievement emotions: a cluster analysis of students' motivation     

Leong Yeok Jang  Woon Chia Liu 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2012,27(1):59-76

This study sought to better understand the adoption of multiple achievement goals at an intra-individual level, and its links to emotional well-being, learning, and academic achievement. Participants were 480 Secondary Two students (aged between 13 and 14 years) from two coeducational government schools. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed the presence of five clusters of students with significantly different achievement goal profiles. MANOVAs and ANOVA, followed by post-hoc tests showed that these clusters also differed significantly in terms of their experience of achievement emotions, use of learning strategies, and mathematics performance. The cluster with high endorsement of mastery approach goal and low endorsement of mastery avoidance goal was noted to have the most adaptive profile. The presence of a cluster of lowly motivated students was highlighted. Findings emphasised the importance of investigating achievement emotions, and how the different achievement goals combine to influence achievement-related variables.  相似文献   

Desalination characteristics for ceramics excavated from Taean shipwreck,Korea     

Sungyoon Jang  Byeongjik Nam  Daewoo Park  Hyoyun Kim  Chan Hee Lee  Jae Eun Yu 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2013,14(3):229-237

The ceramic artefacts, excavated from ancient shipwrecks, are generally saturated with soluble salts, mainly NaCl, within the porous structure of ceramics. The salinity contents typically exhibit ionic and osmotic pressures to the ceramic microstructures, thus causing significant damages to the integrity of ceramic artefacts. While the utilisation of aqueous soaking methods is commonly accepted for effective desalination processes of ceramics, the relationships between the structural characteristics of ceramics and the desalination efficiency have not been demonstrated. In this study, we examined the desalination processes of various ceramics excavated from the Taean shipwrecks in South Korea to identify major controlling factors for the desalination processes. Our results indicated that the physical properties of ceramics including the water absorption and the pore size distribution greatly influence on the desalination process time and efficiency. It is also found that the surface condition of ceramic samples such as microstructural cracks on the glaze layer is a crucial component of the desalination characteristics. Nevertheless, the small residue of salts such as NaCl crystals were found in the microstructures of some ceramics after prolonged desalination periods. Therefore, it is important to control the humidity and temperature in the conservation environment for desalinated ceramic artefacts even after desalination.  相似文献   

Challenges to Selective Exposure: Selective Seeking and Avoidance in a Multitasking Media Environment     

S. Mo Jang 《Mass Communication and Society》2014,17(5):665-688

The present research investigated selective exposure online, treating selective seeking and selective avoidance as independent phenomena. A behavior tracking measure was employed. Study 1 used an online quasi-experiment with voluntary national samples (n = 271). Consistent with early reviews on selective exposure, participants sought out attitude consonant information but did not systematically avoid attitude dissonant information compared to neutral information. Study 2 involved an experiment with student samples (n = 185) to examine the impact of cognitive load on selective behavior. The results revealed that those who were asked to multitask during an information search did not exercise any selectivity in information selection. The implications of information selection behavior in a multitasking media environment are discussed.  相似文献   

Open domain question answering using Wikipedia-based knowledge model     

Pum-Mo Ryu  Myung-Gil Jang  Hyun-Ki Kim 《Information processing & management》2014

  相似文献   

基于Zigbee和LabVIEW的新型城市照明监控系统     

姜男澜  陈仙云  蔡明 《中国科技信息》2014,(7):155-157

基于CC2530模块、Zigbee协议栈和LabVIEW编程设计了一种新型城市照明监控系统。该系统由自组织网络支撑,根据能量均衡的原则设计系统的基本架构;基于Zigbee协议栈进行功能定制,从而采集光照强度和链路质量强度,并为各节点设置自定义标签和睡眠周期;利用LabVIEW编程开发监控中心客户端。该系统首先由各监控节点采集信息,然后将这些信息发送给路由器或基站,最后上传给监控中心客户端,从而实现了城市照明系统精准、快速地监控与维护,此外,客户端还能在节点出现异常时报警。  相似文献   

Compositional question answering: A divide and conquer approach     

Hyo-Jung Oh  Ki-Youn Sung  Myung-Gil Jang  Sung Hyon Myaeng 《Information processing & management》2011

This paper describes how questions can be characterized for question answering (QA) along different facets and focuses on questions that cannot be answered directly but can be divided into simpler ones so that they can be answered directly using existing QA capabilities. Since individual answers are composed to generate the final answer, we call this process as compositional QA. The goal of the proposed QA method is to answer a composite question by dividing it into atomic ones, instead of developing an entirely new method tailored for the new question type. A question is analyzed automatically to determine its class, and its sub-questions are sent to the relevant QA modules. Answers returned from the individual QA modules are composed based on the predetermined plan corresponding to the question type. The experimental results based on 615 questions show that the compositional QA approach outperforms the simple routing method by about 17%. Considering 115 composite questions only, the F-score was almost tripled from the baseline.  相似文献   

Motivation Terminology in Reading Research: A Conceptual Review     

Kristin Conradi  Bong Gee Jang  Michael C. McKenna 《Educational Psychology Review》2014,26(1):127-164

Despite the importance of motivation in understanding the development and practices of reading, problems persist in how motivation-related constructs are defined and investigated. This article reports a concept analysis of how 12 terms have been used in current reading research. Selection criteria resulted in the identification of 92 data-based articles published in 28 peer-reviewed journals from 2003 to 2013. Over the period examined, there was a steady increase in the number of studies reported. Most were conducted in North America and Europe. Only 17 % of the studies offered explicit definitions of the target constructs they examined. Another 64 % relied on various forms of implicit definitions, and 19 % provided no definitions of any kind. Usage problems frequently occurred as well. These included instances of vague associations among terms, occurring in 20 % of the studies, synonymous reference to distinctly different constructs in 32 %, and inaccurate statements made about constructs in 20 %. Although a variety of motivation theories were used to ground the investigations, some 22 % were essentially atheoretical. These difficulties were unrelated to the impact factor of the journals in which they appeared. Possible causes are discussed, together with suggestions for improvement.  相似文献   

Framing “world class” differently: international and Korean participants’ perceptions of the world class university project     

Deok-Ho Jang  Leo Kim 《Higher Education》2013,65(6):725-744

This study analyzes how the world class university (WCU) project in Korea is perceived by participating international scholars and Korean principal investigators by conducting focus group interviews and utilizing semantic network analysis. While international scholars and Korean principal investigators agree that the success of WCU depends on mutual collaboration, the expansion of qualitative evaluation, and effective student education, their core interests and values differ. International scholars place much weight on core educational values that are tied with students and research. On the other hand, Korean principal investigators take greater interest in the administrative side, including formal evaluation, regulation, and attendance for the required number of class days. This difference in assessing the WCU project emerges as an obstacle to mutual understanding and collaboration. Rather than judging which group’s frame of reference is better or more relevant, our analysis focuses on offering a context-specific understanding of frame while avoiding the cliché of “cultural difference.” Lastly, the analysis of frames offers some useful implications for the Korean higher education research and policy community.  相似文献   

Essay Review     

Eunice Eunhee Jang  Katherine Ryan 《课程研究杂志》2013,45(4):499-512

  相似文献   

On-chip three-dimensional cell culture in phaseguides improves hepatocyte functions in vitro     

Mi Jang  Pavel Neuzil  Thomas Volk  Andreas Manz  Astrid Kleber 《Biomicrofluidics》2015,9(3)

The in vitro study of liver functions and liver cell specific responses to external stimuli deals with the problem to preserve the in vivo functions of primary hepatocytes. In this study, we used the biochip OrganoPlate^TM (MIMETAS) that combines different advantages for the cultivation of hepatocytes in vitro: (1) the perfusion flow is achieved without a pump allowing easy handling and placement in the incubator; (2) the phaseguides allow plating of matrix-embedded cells in lanes adjacent to the perfusion flow without physical barrier; and (3) the matrix-embedding ensures indirect contact of the cells to the flow. In order to evaluate the applicability of this biochip for the study of hepatocyte''s functions, Matrigel^TM-embedded HepG2 cells were cultured over three weeks in this biochip and compared to a static Matrigel culture (3D) and a monolayer culture (2D). Chip-cultured cells grew in spheroid-like structures and were characterized by the formation of bile canaliculi and a high viability over 14 days. Hepatocyte-specific physiology was achieved as determined by an increase in albumin production. Improved detoxification metabolism was demonstrated by strongly increased cytochrome P450 activity and urea production. Additionally, chip-cultured cells displayed increased sensitivity to acetaminophen. Altogether, the OrganoPlate seems to be a very useful alternative for the cultivation of hepatocytes, as their behavior was strongly improved over 2D and static 3D cultures and the results were largely comparable and partly superior to the previous reports on biochip-cultured hepatocytes. As for the low technical needs, this platform has the appearance of being highly applicable for further studies of hepatocytes'' responses to external stimuli.  相似文献