Book reviews     

Sylvain Lourié  Josef Herman  Pierre Duguet  E. Trêves 《Prospects》1972,2(3):370-377

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Humanoid robots in higher education: Evaluating the acceptance of Pepper in the context of an academic writing course using the UTAUT     

Josef Guggemos  Sabine Seufert  Stefan Sonderegger 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2020,51(5):1864-1883

This study investigates the acceptance of social robots by higher education students in the social sciences. Pepper, a humanoid social robot from SoftBank Robotics, provided a sample of its capabilities during a first semester, large-scale, university course, “Introduction to academic writing.”From this course, 462 freshmen participated in our survey. The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) acts as the conceptual framework, and partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) as the method for data analysis. The four perceived characteristics—trustworthiness, adaptiveness, social presence and appearance—all predict the intention to use the robot for learning purposes; anxiety regarding making mistakes in handling the robot and about privacy issues are not significant predictors. An importance-performance map analysis indicated adaptiveness as the robot’s most important characteristic for predicting student behavioural intention. Overall, however, the study shows that students do not have the intention to rely on social robots for learning purposes at the current level of state-of-the-art technology: behavioural intention reaches only 36.6% of the theoretical maximum.  相似文献   

Determination of the centre of mass kinematics in alpine skiing using differential global navigation satellite systems     

Matthias Gilgien  Jörg Spörri  Julien Chardonnens  Josef Kröll  Philippe Limpach  Erich Müller 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(9):960-969

In the sport of alpine skiing, knowledge about the centre of mass (CoM) kinematics (i.e. position, velocity and acceleration) is essential to better understand both performance and injury. This study proposes a global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-based method to measure CoM kinematics without restriction of capture volume and with reasonable set-up and processing requirements. It combines the GNSS antenna position, terrain data and the accelerations acting on the skier in order to approximate the CoM location, velocity and acceleration. The validity of the method was assessed against a reference system (video-based 3D kinematics) over 12 turn cycles on a giant slalom skiing course. The mean (± s) position, velocity and acceleration differences between the CoM obtained from the GNSS and the reference system were 9 ± 12 cm, 0.08 ± 0.19 m · s^-1 and 0.22 ± 1.28 m · s^-2, respectively. The velocity and acceleration differences obtained were smaller than typical differences between the measures of several skiers on the same course observed in the literature, while the position differences were slightly larger than its discriminative meaningful change. The proposed method can therefore be interpreted to be technically valid and adequate for a variety of biomechanical research questions in the field of alpine skiing with certain limitations regarding position.  相似文献   

Teaching for analogical transfer as a means of improving problem-solving,thinking and learning     

Karl Josef Klauer 《Instructional Science》1989,18(3):179-192

Analogical transfer is transfer of a basic structure acquired through one or more instances to another instance. A basic structure like this is sometimes called a paradigm. Paradigmatic teaching, i.e. teaching for analogical transfer, requires the teaching of a basic structure by appropriate exemplars as well as the teaching of its application in various fields and contexts. This is demonstrated using research on teaching for problem-solving, inductive thinking, and learning-to-leam.Invited paper presented at the joint meeting of the Dutch Research Association on Instructional Processes (OTG), the German Division for Empirical Educational Research (AEPF) of the German Educational Association and the Division for Educational Psychology (FPP) of the German Psychological Association on April 23–25, 1989, at the University of Twente, The Netherlands.  相似文献   

Smoking, discount rates, and returns to education     

Josef Fersterer  Rudolf Winter-Ebmer   《Economics of Education Review》2003,22(6):561-566

Individual time preference determines schooling enrolment. Moreover, smoking behavior in early ages has been shown to be highly related to time preference rates. Insofar as discount rates are uncorrelated to ability, predicting school enrolment by discount rates can get rid of the ability bias in an earnings regression. Accordingly, we use smoking at age 16 as an instrument for schooling. Doing this for Austrian cross-sectional data, we find no evidence of ability bias in a simple earnings regression; the results are more mixed if family background is also included.  相似文献   

Biomechanical pole and leg characteristics during uphill diagonal roller skiing     

Stefan Josef Lindinger  Caroline Göpfert  Thomas Stöggl  Erich Müller  Hans-Christer Holmberg 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(4):318-333

Diagonal skiing as a major classical technique has hardly been investigated over the last two decades, although technique and racing velocities have developed substantially. The aims of the present study were to 1) analyse pole and leg kinetics and kinematics during submaximal uphill diagonal roller skiing and 2) identify biomechanical factors related to performance. Twelve elite skiers performed a time to exhaustion (performance) test on a treadmill. Joint kinematics and pole/plantar forces were recorded separately during diagonal roller skiing (9°; 11 km/h). Performance was correlated to cycle length (r = 0.77; P < 0.05), relative leg swing (r = 0.71), and gliding time (r = 0.74), hip flexion range of motion (ROM) during swing (r = 0.73) and knee extension ROM during gliding (r = 0.71). Push-off demonstrated performance correlations for impulse of leg force (r = 0.84), relative duration (r = ? 0.76) and knee flexion (r = 0.73) and extension ROM (r = 0.74). Relative time to peak pole force was associated with performance (r = 0.73). In summary, diagonal roller skiing performance was linked to 1) longer cycle length, 2) greater impulse of force during a shorter push-off with larger flexion/extension ROMs in leg joints, 3) longer leg swing, and 4) later peak pole force, demonstrating the major key characteristics to be emphasised in training.  相似文献   

On the effects of training inductive reasoning: How far does it transfer and how long do the effects persist?     

Welko Tomic  Karl Josef Klauer 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1996,11(3):283-299

Using the same program, two training experiments have been conducted in a Dutch and in a German elementary school. The common expectation was that training in inductive reasoning would transfer both on intelligence tests measuring inductive reasoning and on math performance. Furthermore, it was expected that the training effects would persist for at least some months after training had ended. In experiment 1 (N=34), a rather short training period turned out to be effective with respect to the intelligence test performance but not with respect to math performance. In experiment 2 (N=23), the amount of training in inductive reasoning was systematically varied. It could be shown that transfer on intelligence test as well as on math performance was linearly dependent on the amount of prior training. The training effects were found to persist between four and nine months after training.  相似文献   

STEERING PATTERNS IN THE AUSTRIAN UNIVERSITY SYSTEM     

Josef Langer 《Higher Education in Europe》1992,17(3):3-14

Inspired by Burton Clark's “triangle of coor‐dination” whereby a university is steered according to its relationship to “state authority”, the “academic oligarchy”, and the “market”, the author analyses the debate going on in Austrian higher education circles today about the proper way for the universities of the country to be steered. The general proposal is to supersede the University Organization Act of 1975, which had really been a reformulation of the traditional ministerial bureaucratic centralism typical of Austrian university governance, in favour of market‐oriented and decentralized approaches with many of the functions of the Ministry of Science and Research to be handed over to a buffer organization to be created. The chances are, however, that fundamentally very little of current practice will be changed because of the strength of set patterns and because of the inner contradictions within the principal reform proposals.  相似文献   

Stichwort: Weiterbildung im Spiegel empirischer Bildungsforschung     

Prof. Dr. Harm Kuper  Prof. Dr. Josef Schrader 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2013,16(1):7-28

In the course of empirical educational research, there is an increasingly broad approach to inter-disciplinary contributions to academic questions related to the processes of institutionalised teaching and learning and their effects. By reference to a multi-level structure, inter-disciplinary studies are presented which focus on continuing education, the level of participation in continuing education and the effects of continuing education. A particular concern is to review approaches to research which are methodically designed to generalise findings about the effects of continuing education. Using monitoring studies as a starting point, economic and sociological education studies are considered which have their empirical basis in large-scale data records; the evaluation of in-service training courses in business enterprises is a branch of research which has been used, especially in the meta-analysis of smaller evaluation studies, to develop models of the effectiveness of company in-service training. To supplement these approaches which consider the effects of continuing education especially in the context of paid employment, the discussion also examines further social benefits of continuing education and various approaches to teaching and learning research. Finally, the current state of the research is then discussed in order to examine the implications for research strategy.  相似文献   

Useful Bookshops     

Alphons Silberman  Jens A. Hertwig  Oswald Schbberl  Franz Josef Eilers  Medien Gesamtkonzeption  Dieter Breun 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(3):30-31

Alphons Silberman, Handwörterbuch der Massenkommunikation und Medienforschung [CONCISE DICTIONARY OF MASS COMMUNICATION AND MEDIA RESEARCH] (Berlin: Spiess, 1982, 506 pp. in 2 vols.—DM 48,).

Jens A. Hertwig &; Oswald Schbberl Publizistik und Kommunikationswissenschaft: Forschungsdokumentation 1978-1980 [SCIENCE OF PUBLIC COMMUNICATION AND COMMUNICATION SCIENCE: DOCUMENTATION OF RESEARCH 1978-1980] (Bonn: Informationszentrum Sozialwissenschaften 1982. 375 pp.—DM 48,- Address: Lennestr. 50, D-5300 Bonn 1).

[BIBLIOGRAPHY OF AUSTRIAN MASS COMMUNICATION LITERATURE 1981]. (Vienna: osterreichisches Dokumentationszentrum fur Medien - und Kommunikationsforschung ADMAC 1982. XVI, 238 pp. —OS 150.- Address: Universitatsstr. 7, A-1010 Wien).

Franz Josef Eilers CHRISTIAN COMMUNICATION DIRECTORY ASIA Communicatio socialis. Beiheft 9. (Paderborn: Scii6ningh 1982. 1,036 pp.—DM 57,-).

Medien-Gesamtkonzeption. Bericht der Expertenkom mission fur eine Medien-Gesam tkonzep don [GLOBAL CONCEPTION OF THE MEDIA: REPORT OF THE COMMISSION OF EXPERTS ON A GLOBAL CONCEPTION OF THE MEDIA] (Bern: Eidgenossisches Justiz-und Polizeidepartement 1982. LXI, 703 pp.—free on request from: Eidgen6ssische Drucksachen-und Materialzentrale, CH-3000 Bern).

Dieter Breun, Geschichte der literarischen Zensur in Deutschland [HISTORY OF LITERARY CENSORSHIP IN GERMANY] Uni-TaschenbUcher. 1208. (Heidelberg: Quelle &; Meyer 1982. 264 pp.—DM 26,80).

Klaus Wernecke &; Peter Heller, Der vergessene Führer: Alfred Hugenberg, Pressemacht und Nationalsozialismus [THE FORGOTTEN LEADER: ALFRED HUGENBERG, PRESS POWER AND NAZISM] (Hamburg: VSA-Verl. 1982. 231 pp.—DM 19,80).

Rudiger Liedtke, Die verschenkte Presse: Die Geschichte der Lizensierung von Zeitungen Hach 1945 [THE PRESS GIVEN AWAY: THE HISTORY OF PRESS LICENSING AFTER 1945] VAS. 14. (Berlin: Verl. rtir Studium und Ausbildung in der Elefanten Press 1982. 240 pp.—DM 24,80. Publisher's address: Zossener Str. 32, D-1000, Berlin 31).

Peter Brummond &; Peter Schwindt, Der Pressmark in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Oiratliche Aufgabe und privatwirtschaftliche Organisation der Presse [THE PRESS MARKET IN THE FRG: PUBITC- RESPONSIBILITY AND PRIVATE INDUSTRY OF THE PRESS].

Heinz-Willi Gross, Die Deutsche Presse-Agentur: Historische Analyse ihrer Organisations - und Machstruktur, externer Interessenverflechtungen und der Position auf dem bundesdeutschen Nachrichtenmarkt [THE GERMAN PRESS-AGENCY: HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF ITS ORGANIZATION, ITS STRUCTURE OF POWER, THE COMPLEXITY OF EXTERNAL INTERESTS AND THE POSITION ON THE GERMAN MARKET OF NEWS] (Frankfurt: Haag Herchen 1982. 260 pp.—DM 26,80).

Christine B. Koerner, Entwicklung und Konzeption der Presse in Albanien und der albanesischen Exilpress [DEVELOPMENT AND CONCEPTION OF THE PRESS IN ALBANIA AND OF THE ALBANIAN EXILE PRESS]. Albanische Forschungen. Bd. 22. (Munchen: Trofenik 1982. XI, 534 pp.—DM 88,-).

Manfred Hagen, Die Entfaltungpolitischer Öffentlichkeit in Russland 1906-1914 [THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL PUBLIC IN RUSSIA] = Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte des 15stlichen Europa. 18. (Wiesbaden: Steiner 1982. X, 402 pp.— DM 90,-).

Hans J. Kleinstuber, Rundfunkpolitik in der Bundesrepublik: Der Kampf urn die Macht Aber HeSrfunk und Fernsehen [BROADCASTING POLITICS IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC: THE QUARREL ABOUT THE CONTROL OF RADIO AND TV]. = Reihe Analysen. 32. (Opladen: Leske &; Budrich 1982. 184 pp.—DM 16,80).

Friedrich Kübler, Medienverfleichtung: Eine rechtsvergleichende Untersuchung der Marktstrukturprobleme privaten Rundunks [MEDIA CONCENTRATION: A COMPARATIVE LEGAL STUDY OF THE PROBLEMS OF THE MARKET STRUCTURE OF PRIVATE BROADCASTING] Beitrhe zum Rundf unkrecht. 26. (Frankfurt: Metzner 1982. 109pp.—DM 35,-).

Franz Ronneberger with Ulla Meister &; Manuela Reith, Neue Medien: Vorteile und Risiken fir die Struktur der demokratischen Gesellschaft und den Zusammenhalt der sozialen Gruppen. Eine Literaturstudie [NEW MEDIA: FAVOURS AND RISKS FOR THE STRUCTURE OF DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY AND THE UNITY OF SOCIAL GROUPS] Schriften der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur COMNET. 1. (Konstanz: Universiatsverlag Konstanz 1982. 133 pp.—DM 38,-).

Michael Geisler, Die literarische Reportage in Deutschland: Möglichkeiten and Grenzen eines operativen Genres [THE LITERARY REPORT IN GERMANY: POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF A WORKING GENRE] Mongraphien Literaturwissenschaft. 53. (KOnigstein: Scriptor 1982. X, 428 pp.—DM 49,80).

Kristina Zerges, Sozialdemokratische Press und Literatur: Empirische Untersuchung zur Literaturvermittlung in der sozialdemokrati-Presse 1876 bis 1933 [SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC PRESS AND LITERATURE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON LITERATURE IN THE SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC PRESS FROM 1876 to 1933](Stuttgart: Metzler 1982. IX, 319 pp.—DM 58,-).

Erich Strassner, Fernsehnachrichten: Eine Produktions-, Produkt- und Rezeptionsanalyse [TELEVISION NEWS: AN ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION, PRODUCT AND RECEPTION] Medien in Forschung und Unterricht. Ser. A., Bd. 3. (Tilbingen: Niemeyer 1982. XIII, 531 pp.—DM 128,-).

Andreas-Rudolf Wosnitza, Fernsehnachrichten fur Kinder: Eine kritische Bestandsaufnahme [TELEVISION NEWS FOR CHILDREN: A CRITICAL SURVEY] (Frankfurt: R.G. Fischer 1982. VIII, 274 pp.—DM 29,80).

Sabine Jörg, ed., Spaß für Millionen: Wie unterhält uns das Fernsehen? [AMUSEMENT FOR MILLION&; HOW DOES TELEVISION ENTERTAIN US?] (Berlin: Spiess, 1982. 178 pp.-DM 19,80).

Petra S. Hartmann-Laugs &; A. John Goss, Unterhaltung und Politik im Abendprogramm des DDRFernsehens [ENTERTAINMENT AND POLITICS IN THE NIGHTLY PROGRAM OF TELEVISION OF THE GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC] Bibliothek Wissenschaft und Politik. 29. (KlIn: Verlag Wissenschaft und Politik 1982. 238 pp.-DM 24,-).

Günter Bentele &; Robert Ruoff [HOW OBJECTIVE ARE OUR MEDIA?) Fischer Taschenbuch. 4228. (Frankfur Fischer 1982. 335 pp.-DM 14,80).

Klaus Berg &; Marie-Luise Kiefer [MASS COMMUNICATION 2: A PANEL STUDY OF MEDIA USE AND GRATIFICATION 1964-1980] Sci enreihe Media Perspektiven. 2. (Frankfurt: Me ner 1982. 237 pp.-DM 19,80).

Horst 0. Walker [THE PRESS- AND INFORMATION OFFICE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT: A STUDY ON PROBLEMS OF ORGANIZATION, COORDINATION AND CONTROL OF THE PRESS- AND PR WORK OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT] (Frankfurt: Haag &; Herchen, 1982. 455 pp.-DM 58,-).

Heinz-Dietrich Fischer Auslandskorrespondenten in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Status, Aufgaben, Arbeitsprobleme professioneller Presseberichterstatter aus Bonn [FOREIGN CORRESPONDENTS IN THE FRG: STATUS, TASKS, PROBLEMS OF WORK OF PROFESSIONAL PRESS REPORTERS FROM BONN] Journalismus. N. F. 16. (Dusseldorf: Droste 1982, 270 pp.—DM 68,-).  相似文献