Ethics in Neuroscience Graduate Training Programs: Views and Models from Canada     

Sofia Lombera  Alan Fine  Ruth E. Grunau  Judy Illes 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2010,4(1):20-27

Consideration of the ethical, social, and policy implications of research has become increasingly important to scientists and scholars whose work focuses on brain and mind, but limited empirical data exist on the education in ethics available to them. We examined the current landscape of ethics training in neuroscience programs, beginning with the Canadian context specifically, to elucidate the perceived needs of mentors and trainees and offer recommendations for resource development to meet those needs. We surveyed neuroscientists at all training levels and interviewed directors of neuroscience programs and training grants. A total of 88% of survey respondents reported general interest in ethics, and 96% indicated a desire for more ethics content as it applies to brain research and clinical translation. Expert interviews revealed formal ethics education in over half of programs and in 90% of grants-based programs. Lack of time, resources, and expertise, however, are major barriers to expanding ethics content in neuroscience education. We conclude with an initial set of recommendations to address these barriers which includes the development of flexible, tailored ethics education tools, increased financial support for ethics training, and strategies for fostering collaboration between ethics experts, neuroscience program directors, and funding agencies.  相似文献   

The relationship between peer victimization and post‐traumatic stress symptomatology in a rural sample     

James W. Crosby  Judy Oehler  Kristen Capaccioli 《Psychology in the schools》2010,47(3):297-310

Peer victimization (PV) has been associated with a number of negative psychological sequelae. Few studies, however, have examined the relationship between PV and the symptomatology of post‐traumatic stress disorder, and no studies to date have examined this relationship in a rural sample. Adapted versions of the SEQ‐SR and the TSCC were used to assess the relationship between PV and post‐traumatic stress symptomatology in a sample of 244 rural youths (ages 10–14) in two school districts in a south‐central area of the United States. In addition to a positive relationship between PV and post‐traumatic stress symptomatology, the results indicated relatively high rates of adult presence and peer bystanding during PV experiences. Limitations and implications for practice are discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

Penguin Promises: encouraging aquarium visitors to take conservation action     

Judy Brenda Mann  Roy Ballantyne  Jan Packer 《Environmental Education Research》2018,24(6):859-874

This study investigates the impact of an innovative conservation action campaign called Penguin Promises implemented at uShaka Sea World in Durban, South Africa. Communication tools included interpretive signage, exhibits with and without animals, presentations, and personal interactions, along with a specially designed postcard, on which visitors could write a promise (pledge) to make a change in their daily lives to become more environmentally responsible. Visitors who completed a card were contacted a year or more after their visit and asked about the outcomes of their promise. The results (N = 316) showed that 49.4% of respondents could give an example of something positive they had done for the environment, that they attributed to the campaign. Based on the study, recommendations are provided for the design of effective visitor conservation action campaigns.  相似文献   

Dancing on the edge: a self-study exploring postcritical possibilities in physical education     

Judy Bruce 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(6):807-824

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Preservice teachers’ views of global citizenship and implications for global citizenship education     

Judy Bruce  Chris North  Jessica FitzPatrick 《Globalisation, Societies & Education》2019,17(2):161-176

Global citizenship (GC) is becoming increasingly significant as a desirable graduate attribute in the context of increasing globalisation and cultural diversity. However, both the means and ends of GC education are influenced by a divergent range of conceptualizations. The aim of this research project was to investigate preservice teachers’ understandings of global citizenship, with a particular focus on cultural diversity. Pre-service teachers (PSTs) participated in interviews, and findings indicated that they were uncertain about the idea of global citizenship, sought harmony and a desire for sameness in culturally diverse relationships, and held ethnocentric, paternalistic and salvationist views about the ‘Other’. Drawing on these findings, we present a framework incorporating technicist, humanistic and postcritical conceptions as a tool for analysis of GCE approaches, their means and ends.  相似文献   

Equivalent Estimates of Borderline Group Performance in Standard Setting     

John J. Norcini  Judy A. Shea 《Journal of Educational Measurement》1992,29(1):19-24

The purpose of this study was to determine if a linear procedure, typically applied to an entire examination when equating scores and reseating judges' standards, could be used with individual item data gathered through Angoffs standard-setting method (1971). Specifically, experts estimates of borderline group performance on one form of a test were transformed to be on the same scale as experts' estimates of borderline group performance on another form of the test. The transformations were based on examinees' responses to the items and on judges' estimates of borderline group performance. The transformed values were compared to the actual estimates provided by a group of judges. The equated and reseated values were reasonably close to those actually assigned by the experts. Bias in the estimates was also relatively small. In general, the reseating procedure was more accurate than the equating procedure, especially when the examinee sample size for equating was small.  相似文献   

Evidence of cultural differences between American and Japanese mainstream science and engineering contexts from analysis of classroom discourse     

Nílson Kunioshi  Judy Noguchi  Kazuko Tojo 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2019,44(4):535-544

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DEVELOPMENT OF A PEER ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUE FOR OBTAINING INDIVIDUAL MARKS ON A GROUP PROJECT     

Judy Goldfinch  Robert Raeside 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》1990,15(3):210-231

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Uncertain pathways: foundation skills tutors and marginalised students in neoliberal times     

Pat Strauss  Judy Hunter 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2018,42(7):879-892

This article deals with the work of polytechnic tutors on adult foundation programmes and describes how their work has been affected by the current neoliberal climate in the education sector. Inclusive neoliberalism is characterised by heightened regulation, reduced support for the public sector and a greater requirement for individual responsibility. The push to improve skills to meet labour demand is promoted as addressing social needs. Policies devised to promote these neoliberal values have led to numerous and far-reaching changes in adult education. In this study 73 foundation skills educators drawn from 8 institutions were interviewed to gain their insights into the effects of these policies. The article discusses three types of detrimental effects: the growing distrust between teaching staff and management; unsettling changes to institutional policy and its effects on staffing issues; and threats to the professionalism of teaching staff, the delivery of foundation studies, and the students themselves. Finally, the article suggests alternative possibilities for addressing these issues.  相似文献   

Reimagining the role of mentor teachers in professional experience: moving to I as fellow teacher educator     

Helen Grimmett  Rachel Forgasz  Judy Williams  Simone White 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education》2018,46(4):340-353

New accreditation requirements for Australian initial teacher education programs require that universities and schools establish quality partnerships to ensure strong links between pre-service teachers’ university-based learning and school-based professional learning experiences. This paper focuses on the shifts of identity, thinking and practice that occurred for five school-based mentor teachers as they co-created new professional experience practices alongside university-based teacher educators in a Teaching Academies of Professional Practice (TAPP) project. Interview data was analysed through the theoretical framework of Dialogical Self Theory to examine how the repositioning of mentor teachers as fellow teacher educators allowed for expansion in the understanding and enactment of their role. The findings of this study suggest that partnerships between schools and universities can enhance learning opportunities for all participants when commitments are made to creating collaborative and dialogical spaces to support new approaches to teacher education.  相似文献