Predicting elite Scottish athletes’ attitudes towards doping: examining the contribution of achievement goals and motivational climate     

Justine Allen  John Taylor  Paul Dimeo  Sarah Dixon  Leigh Robinson 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(9):899-906

Understanding athletes’ attitudes to doping continues to be of interest for its potential to contribute to an international anti-doping system. However, little is known about the relationship between elite athletes’ attitudes to drug use and potential explanatory factors, including achievement goals and the motivational climate. In addition, despite specific World Anti-Doping Agency Code relating to team sport athletes, little is known about whether sport type (team or individual) is a risk or protective factor in relation to doping. Elite athletes from Scotland (N = 177) completed a survey examining attitudes to performance-enhancing drug (PED) use, achievement goal orientations and perceived motivational climate. Athletes were generally against doping for performance enhancement. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that task and ego goals and mastery motivational climate were predictors of attitudes to PED use (F (4, 171) = 15.81, P < .01). Compared with individual athletes, team athletes were significantly lower in attitude to PED use and ego orientation scores and significantly higher in perceptions of a mastery motivational climate (Wilks’ lambda = .76, F = 10.89 (5, 170), P < .01). The study provides insight into how individual and situational factors may act as protective and risk factors in doping in sport.  相似文献   

The structure‐agency dialectic in contested science spaces: “Do earthworms eat apples?”     

Justine M. Kane 《科学教学研究杂志》2015,52(4):461-473

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From a Distance: A Grounded Theory Study of Separation Anxiety Among Filipino Incarcerated Elderly     

Allan B. de Guzman  Rochelle Gabrielle R. Gatan  Ira Bianca Mae G. Gesmundo  Astley Justine H. Golosinda 《Educational gerontology》2015,41(8):567-581

Despite numerous studies that examined the impact of separation and separation anxiety on the emotions and behavior of young individuals, little is known about separation anxiety in the elderly population. This grounded theory study purports to describe the process of separation anxiety among incarcerated Filipino elderly men. Individual interviews and participant observations were conducted with 25 incarcerated elderly Filipino men who are first-time prisoners and sentenced to lifetime imprisonment. Following Strauss and Corbin's (1998) coding protocol, a four-part process emerged to describe the studied layer of human experience. The Tectonic Model of Separation Anxiety among incarcerated Filipino elderly men comprises four phases: Winkling, Wilting, Weeding, and Weaving. Findings of this study invite nurses and other clinicians to identify developmentally appropriate strategies and interventions for this vulnerable and neglected sector of society.  相似文献   

'Art Exists to … Make the Stone Stoney …'¹ A report from work-in-progress on the A.E.B. 'A' level literature alternative syllabus     

Malcolm Stanton 《English in Education》1980,14(3):42-55

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The challenges of insider research in educational institutions: wielding a double‐edged sword and resolving delicate dilemmas     

Justine Mercer 《牛津教育评论》2013,39(1):1-17

This paper explores the challenges faced by educational researchers investigating the places where they work. It reviews the literature on insider research and draws upon the author’s own experience of researching faculty appraisal at two Higher Education institutions where she taught. It argues that the insider/outsider dichotomy is actually a continuum with multiple dimensions, and that all researchers constantly move back and forth along a number of axes, depending upon time, location, participants and topic. The assumption that one kind of research is better than the other is challenged, and the advantages and disadvantages of insider research are discussed in terms of access, intrusiveness, familiarity and rapport. Finally, three dilemmas relating to informant bias, reciprocity in interviews, and research ethics are examined from an insider researcher’s perspective, and the ways in which the author responded to these dilemmas at different points in her own four‐year two‐site study are critiqued.  相似文献   

An Examination of Psychosocial Correlates of Eating Disorders Among Female Collegiate Athletes     

Trent A. Petrie  Christy Greenleaf  Justine J. Reel  Jennifer E. Carter 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):621-632

With female collegiate athletes, we examined the relationship of eating pathology to body image concerns, weight pressures, sociocultural internalization, and mood state. Multivariate analyses revealed that the symptomatic and eating disorder groups were similar on seven of eight weight pressures, three of four mood states, on internalization, and on five of six body image measures; in all instances, these two groups reported more pathological scores than the asymptomatic athletes. Except for pressures from coaches, the psychosocial variables differentiated the groups, correctly classifying 79% of the cases. These findings suggest that athletes symptomatic of eating disorders report similarly high levels of disturbance across a wide range of psychosocial risk factors, and both groups warrant prevention and treatment efforts.  相似文献   

Sports Betting and Other Gambling in Athletes,Fans, and Other College Students     

Toben F. Nelson  Richard A. LaBrie  Debi A. LaPlante  Michael Stanton  Howard J. Shaffer  Henry Wechsler 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):271-283

Gambling on college and professional sports and the influence of attending colleges with differing levels of “sports interest” were examined among athletes, sports fans, and other students (N = 10,559) at 119 colleges in the United States using multilevel statistical analysis. Athletes and fans reported more sports gambling compared to other students, with no differences between athletes and fans. Male students were more likely to gamble than female students, but gender did not moderate the relationship between athletic participation and sports gambling. Students attending schools with a greater “sports interest” were more likely to gamble on college sports after adjusting for individual characteristics. Athletes, sports fans, and students attending schools with high “sports interest” are appropriate targets for prevention efforts.  相似文献   

Kinanthropometric and physiological characteristics of outrigger canoe paddlers     

Brendan Humphries  Grant A. Abt  Rob Stanton  Narelle Sly 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(6):395-399

We describe the physiological characteristics of amateur outrigger canoe paddlers. Twenty-one paddlers (13 males, 8 females) were evaluated for body stature, aerobic power, muscular strength and endurance, peak paddle force, flexibility and 250 m sprint paddle performance at the end of the outrigging season. The mean variables ( - s) for the males were: age 27 - 9 years, height 175 - 5 cm, body mass 80 - 5 kg, arm span 178 - 7 cm, sitting height 100 - 2 cm, aerobic power 3.0 - 0.4 l·min-1, maximum bench press strength 85 - 19 kg, right peak paddle force 382 - 66 N and left peak paddle force 369 - 69 N. For the females, these were: age 26 - 6 years, height 168 - 5 cm, body mass 70 - 8 kg, arm span 170 - 5 cm, sitting height 97 - 3 cm, aerobic power 2.3 - 0.5 l· min-1, maximum bench press strength 47 - 10 kg, right peak paddle force 252 - 63 N and left peak paddle force 257 - 60 N. Analysis of variance revealed diff erences (P ? 0.05) between the dominant and non-dominant sides of the body for peak paddle force, isokinetic internal and external rotation, and flexion and extension torque of the shoulder joint. The outrigger canoe paddlers were generally within the range of scores found to describe participants of other water craft sports. Outrigger canoeists should be concerned with the muscular strength imbalances associated with paddling technique.  相似文献   

Ego‐State Refraining as a Tool in Staff Development     

H.E. Stanton 《高等教育研究与发展》1985,4(2):175-182

The procedure of ego‐state reframing is described, and its application to an academic setting illustrated by reference to three cases. One of these is a lecturer who used the technique to overcome his anxiety before large classes; a second is a tutor able to become closer to her students; and a third employed the technique to overcome a writing block. The efficacy of the approach is discussed in terms of the four elements essential to successful psychotherapy.  相似文献   

Staff Manuals in Secondary Schools     

Michael Stanton 《Educational studies》1980,6(2):147-153

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