Qualitative review synthesis: the relationship between inattention and academic achievement     

Sarah Anne Gray  Katherine Dueck  Maria Rogers  Rosemary Tannock 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2017,59(1):17-35

Background: A body of literature has emerged that links inattentive symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to poor academic achievement. Major variation across studies renders conclusions about this relationship complex.

Purpose: This review will provide a qualitative synthesis of these studies that (1) use community samples and (2) examine inattention as a separate dimension from hyperactivity/impulsivity. The aim of this review is to ascertain whether the relationship documented between inattention and academic outcomes in ADHD also holds for the dimensional trait of inattention as manifest in non-clinical community samples of children and adolescents, taking into consideration both academic achievement and academic performance across age.

Design and methods: A comprehensive search was carried out using two databases. The PRISMA guidelines were used to report the search steps. The QUIPS tool was used to rate the quality of studies, followed by a best evidence synthesis to summarise these results.

Results: Out of 1748 citations found, 27 articles met the specific inclusion criteria. Results point to a strong effect according to the best evidence synthesis: 7 studies that have low risk of bias found that teacher-rated inattention is significantly predicative of poor academic achievement in community samples of children.

Conclusions: This review provides support for a consistent, negative relationship between classroom inattention as reported by teachers and both standardised academic test achievement and classroom performance outcomes for children in preschool (moderate evidence), elementary school and longitudinally from elementary to high school. The average relationship was stronger when classroom performance was measured, as compared to standardised achievement. However, the quantitative strength of relationship has not been confirmed with a meta-analysis due to heterogeneity and too few high-quality studies identified. Variance across the studies in terms of the strength of association suggests that other unexamined factors (e.g. cognitive function or motivation) may be contributing to this relationship. Implications for educators and clinicians who work within the school setting are discussed.  相似文献   

Evaluating an earlybird scheme: encouraging early assignment writing and revising     

Kerrie Unsworth  Katherine Kauter 《高等教育研究与发展》2008,27(1):69-76

It is widely suggested that feedback on assignments is useful to students’ learning, however, little research has examined how this feedback may be provided in large classes or the actual effects of such a scheme. We designed and implemented a voluntary ‘earlybird scheme’ that provided detailed feedback to undergraduate Business students on a first draft of a literature review. We then evaluated the effect of this scheme on students’ final marks for the assignment, the scheme’s usage, and students’ perceptions of the scheme. We found that although the usage of the scheme was quite low, it increased the learning of the students who did use it. The most common reason for not using the scheme was a lack of time and, therefore, given the beneficial nature of the scheme overall, we suggest that future implementations include greater structure or a complementary time‐management workshop.  相似文献   

Young children’s ability to make predictions about novel illnesses     

Jasmine M. DeJesus  Shruthi Venkatesh  Katherine D. Kinzler 《Child development》2021,92(5):e817-e831

Understanding disease transmission is a complex problem highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. These studies test whether 3- to 6-year-old children in the United States use information about social interactions to predict disease transmission. Before and during COVID-19, children predicted illness would spread through close interactions. Older children outperformed younger children with no associations between task performance and pandemic experience. Children did not predict that being hungry or tired would similarly spread through close interactions. Participants include 196 three- to six-year-olds (53% girls, 47% boys; 68% White, 9% Black, 7% Asian, 6% Hispanic or Latinx), with medium-sized effects (d = .6,  = .3). These findings suggest that thinking about social interaction supports young children's predictions about illness, with noted limitations regarding children's real-world avoidance of disease-spreading behaviors.  相似文献   

Critical factors that influence a young person’s journey toward sustainable employment     

Moore  Katherine 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2021,21(2):329-354

International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance - This article examines the employment trajectories of 50 young job seekers to gain insight into the critical factors that influence a...  相似文献   

Adapting the Amazing Library Race: Using problem-based learning in library orientations     

Katelyn Angell  Katherine Boss 《College & Undergraduate Libraries》2016,23(1):44-55

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The relationship between motor skills difficulties and self-esteem in children and adolescents: a systematic literature review     

Katherine Lodal 《Educational Psychology in Practice》2016,32(4):410-423

Research findings indicate that there appears to be a relationship between poor motor skills and self-esteem, however this relationship is ambiguous. This review examines the effects of poor motor skills on global and/or domain specific self-esteem. Four databases, Google Scholar and the Manchester Online library were searched for articles focusing on motor skills and self-esteem in children and adolescents. A date range of between January 2000 and July 2015 was specified to ensure sufficient overlap with the most recent meta-analysis. From the database searches, 26 potentially relevant studies were identified and from these 26, eight studies met the inclusion criteria. A synthesis of the studies reveals that there appears to be a relationship between motor skills and self-esteem, however this relationship is complex and likely to vary depending on age, gender and co-morbidity. Implications for educational psychology practice are discussed.  相似文献   

Evaluating MBA-Program Admissions Criteria: The Relationship Between Pre-MBA Work Experience and Post-MBA Career Outcomes     

George F. Dreher  Katherine C. Ryan 《Research in higher education》2002,43(6):727-744

It has become common practice among U.S. business schools to require potential students to have substantial work experience before admission to MBA programs. Yet, the benefits of this selection criterion have not been fully articulated nor empirically examined. This article explores the relationships between years of pre-MBA work experience and post-MBA career outcomes. Specifically, we examine the effects of prior work experience on cash compensation, career satisfaction, number of promotions, and individuals' propensity to stay with their first post-MBA employer. Results indicate that previous work experience is not significantly related to graduates' tenure in their first post-MBA position. Furthermore, counter to conventional wisdom, MBAs without prior work experience were more satisfied, had received more promotions, and earned more cash compensation than some of their more experienced counterparts. The implications of these findings for those responsible for admissions in graduate professional schools and for corporate recruiters are discussed, along with suggestions for future research.  相似文献   

Seeking big ideas in algebra: the evolution of a task     

Eric Hsu  Judy Kysh  Katherine Ramage  Diane Resek 《Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education》2007,10(4-6):325-332

In this paper we describe a strand of activities for teachers of mathematics that we used with two cohorts of participants in a professional development program called Revitalizing Algebra (REAL). We first discuss our goals and describe the participants, and then we describe the construction and selection of the tasks followed by teacher responses. Finally, we reflect on different iterations of the tasks, their impact on the teachers’ thinking and practice, and the role of school and department culture in the process of change.  相似文献   

Conceptions of teaching held by academic teachers   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Katherine Samuelowicz  John D. Bain 《Higher Education》1992,24(1):93-111

This study examines conceptions of teaching held by academic teachers in the fields of science and social science, in two universities: a distance university in the UK and a traditional one in Australia. A five level classification of conceptions of teaching is proposed. A process of arriving at this scheme is discussed and a formalised coding system is presented which helps to delimit, with greater confidence, the boundaries of each conception, and helps to order conceptions, to compare conceptions proposed by other researchers, and to place individuals within conceptions. The same coding system is then used to define the concepts of student-centered and teacher-centered approaches to teaching. There is a strong suggestion that teaching conceptions are context-dependent.  相似文献   

III. Study 2: Relations Between Interparental Conflict, Child Emotional Security, and Adjustment in the Context of Cognitive Appraisals     

Patrick T. Davies  Gordon T. Harold  Marcie C. Goeke-Morey  E. Mark Cummings  Katherine Shelton  & Jennifer A. Rasi 《Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development》2002,67(3):41-62

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