A taxonomic view of pretend play activity among 4- and 5-year-old children     

Kathy Roskos 《Early childhood research quarterly》1990,5(4)

Based on findings from a 6-month study that explored the nature of literate behavior in the pretend play episodes of eight preschoolers, a taxonomy of their pretend play activity is described and analyzed. Relationships between the different kinds of pretend play activity as demonstrated by these youngsters are examined in light of the taxonomy and other research. Implications of certain kinds of pretend play activity for emergent literacy development are also briefly discussed.  相似文献   

What mothers do: everyday routines and rituals and their impact upon young children’s use of drawing for meaning making     

Kathy Ring 《International Journal of Early Years Education》2006,14(1):63-84

This paper draws upon evidence from a three‐year longitudinal study of young children drawing across home, pre‐school and school. The study shows how the belief systems of significant adults and more able peers/siblings impact upon the child’s access to, use of and beliefs about drawing. Concentrating upon the children when in the Foundation Stage (aged between three and five), the paper highlights:

• the importance of the mother’s role in organizing the home space, the child’s time and his or her access to materials;

• gendered responses to an environment in which the mother is a constant presence in comparison with the limited presence of the father.

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Psychometric Characteristics of the Revised Procrastination Inventory     

Johnson  Erica M.  Green  Kathy E.  Kluever  Raymond C. 《Research in higher education》2000,41(2):269-279

The Procrastination Inventory developed for use with doctoral students in clinical psychology was modified for use with ABD students and doctoral graduates in a College of Education. The original Procrastination Inventory contained 43 items with 11 subscales. The structure of the revised measure was analyzed both through factor and Rasch analyses and three subscales that were more generalized were found instead of the eleven originally posited. The three subscales were: (1) procrastination, 20 items, alpha = .88, (2) perfectionism, 9 items, alpha = .64, and (3) graduate school comfort, 6 items, alpha = .59. Eight items were deleted after Rasch and factor analyses, resulting in a 35-item scale. Validity was demonstrated by the measure's ability to predict dissertation completion and through correlations with related measures. The Procrastination Inventory is useful in the study of attrition from doctoral programs, particularly at the dissertation stage.  相似文献   

Playing Healthy, Staying Healthy: A Prevention Program for Contagious Disease     

Betsy Squibb  Kathy Yardley 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1999,26(3):143-147

This article provides guidelines for creating and promoting healthy environments in early childhood education in order to prevent and control the spread of contagious disease. Illness prevention strategies are offered along with practical suggestions for health education curriculum. Resources for children and adults are included for further reading.  相似文献   

Using a Behavior Change Model to Document the Impact of Visits to Disney's Animal Kingdom: A Study Investigating Intended Conservation Action     

Lynn D. Dierking  Leslie M. Adelman  Jackie Ogden  Kathy Lehnhardt  Lance Miller  Jill D. Mellen 《Curator: The Museum Journal》2004,47(3):322-343

Abstract Over the last 10 to 15 years, zoos and aquariums have set out to influence visitors' conservation‐related knowledge, attitudes, affect, and behavior. In 2000, the Institute for Learning Innovation collaborated with Disney's Animal Kingdom (DAK) on a comprehensive baseline study conducted to assess the outcomes of a DAK experience on visitors in four areas: knowledge, attitudes, affect, and behavior. This article describes one aspect of the comprehensive study: an investigation of the long‐term (two‐to‐three‐month) impact of a visit to Conservation Station at Disney's Animal Kingdom on visitors' intended conservation action. The study used a behavior change model from the health arena: the Prochaska Model of Behavioral Change. The model proved helpful but had some drawbacks, suggesting the need to develop a more sensitive change model. The implications of this study could assist institutions in thinking about what audiences or messages to emphasize in order to influence behavior.  相似文献   

Parenting Stress in Low Income Battered and Community Women: Effects on Parenting Behavior     

Kathy L. Ritchie  George W. Holden 《Early education and development》1998,9(1):97-112

The ability of parenting stress to predict observed and reported maternal behaviors was explored. Fifty-eight low income women participated with their 3- to 7-year- old children. Thirty of the women were also currently residing in a shelter for battered women. Mothers completed questionnaires and interviews designed to assess parenting stress, maternal adjustment, and marital relationship. Mothers also completed a computer simulation concerning their responses to 10 typical child behaviors. Mother and child were then observed in a 15-minute observation designed to illicit mild maternal stress. Multiple regression and partial correlation analyses indicated that parenting stress predicts maternal use of positive behaviors such as affection and proaction as well as negative behaviors such as prohibition. Results are discussed in terms of the need to develop a model for understanding the impact of parenting stress on childrearing behavior.  相似文献   

Behavioral and Neural Pathways Supporting the Development of Prosocial and Risk-Taking Behavior Across Adolescence     

Neeltje E. Blankenstein  Eva H. Telzer  Kathy T. Do  Anna C.K. van Duijvenvoorde  Eveline A. Crone 《Child development》2020,91(3):e665-e681

This study tested the pathways supporting adolescent development of prosocial and rebellious behavior. Self-report and structural brain development data were obtained in a three-wave, longitudinal neuroimaging study (8–29 years, N = 210 at Wave 3). First, prosocial and rebellious behavior assessed at Wave 3 were positively correlated. Perspective taking and intention to comfort uniquely predicted prosocial behavior, whereas fun seeking (current levels and longitudinal changes) predicted both prosocial and rebellious behaviors. These changes were accompanied by developmental declines in nucleus accumbens and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) volumes, but only faster decline of MPFC (faster maturity) related to less rebellious behavior. These findings point toward a possible differential susceptibility marker, fun seeking, as a predictor of both prosocial and rebellious developmental outcomes.  相似文献   

A prototypic microfluidic platform generating stepwise concentration gradients for real-time study of cell apoptosis     

Wen Dai  Yizhe Zheng  Kathy Qian Luo    Hongkai Wu 《Biomicrofluidics》2010,4(2)

This work describes the development of a prototypic microfluidic platform for the generation of stepwise concentration gradients of drugs. A sensitive apoptotic analysis method is integrated into this microfluidic system for studying apoptosis of HeLa cells under the influence of anticancer drug, etoposide, with various concentrations in parallel; it measures the yellow fluorescent protein∕cyan fluorescent protein fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) signal that responds to the activation of caspase-3, an indicator of cell apoptosis. Sets of microfluidic valves on the chip generate stepwise concentration gradient of etoposide in various cell-culture microchambers. The FRET signals from multiple chambers are simultaneously monitored under a fluorescent microscope for long-time observation and the on-chip results are compared with those from 96-well plate study and the methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The microfluidic platform shows several advantages including high-throughput capacity, low drug consumption, and high sensitivity.  相似文献