Media Effectiveness in a Malaysian Park System   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Susan Kay Jacobson 《The Journal of environmental education》2013,44(4):22-27

Abstract

The effectiveness of three media formats (guides, booklets, and signs) were compared for use on a nature trail at Kinabalu Park, Malaysia. Based on a multiple-choice, cognitive test taken by 1,194 visitors, the guide treatment scores were significantly higher than the other media treatments. There was no difference between booklet and sign treatments, and all the media treatments scored higher than the control group (F _3,1190 = 173.76, α = .05). A second experiment compared only booklet and sign media. There was still no difference in effectiveness (Paired t test, t = 0.22, df = 566, p □ .05). The first language and educational backgrounds of visitors influenced media effectiveness. However, age, sex, residence, interest level, prior knowledge, and prior park visitation did not influence the relatively great effectiveness of the guide treatment. Other factors, such as cost, time, and numbers served, may justify use of media formats other than guides.  相似文献   

The ‘dissertation marathon’ in doctoral distance education     

M. Gregory Tweedie  Sheila Clark  Robert C. Johnson  D. William Kay 《Distance Education》2013,34(3):379-390

Participation in “communities of practice” is often depicted as a central feature of various theoretical understandings of the social nature of learning. How are such communities of practice to be enacted in distance education, which, by definition, implies spatial detachment? This article reflects on the dimensions of communities of practice experienced by four students undertaking doctoral studies by distance education, working in different countries than the one in which the institution of their studies is based, and at four different phases of their doctoral program. In each writer’s experience, community of practice involvement was identified as critical in program completion, yet the source of the learning community was in each case outside of institutional provision.  相似文献   

Teacher Education in Transition: Re-forming professionalism     

Joan Whitehead  William Taylor  John Smyth 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2000,21(4):637-647

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Teacher Education Reforms in Albania     

Joan Whitehead 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2000,23(1):85-94

Albania is a society undergoing many changes as it moves from the former communist system of strong centralised control towards a more democratic system with more autonomy for institutions. Drawing on insights gained from teacher educators and government representatives in Albania, the paper examines the process of change and the types of reform-modernisation, structural and systemic. The paper also discusses the initial implementation in Albania of one of the reforms, that directed at the balance and role of school experience and analyses differences in its implementation for primary and secondary teacher training. L'Albanie est une société qui subit de nombreux changements à mesure qu'elle se transforme d'un ancien système communiste avec un puissant contrôle centralisé vers un système plus démocratique avec davantage d'autonomie pour ses institutions. A partir des observations des formateurs d'enseignants et des représentants du gouvernement en Albanie, cet article examine le processus d'évolution et des types de réforme-la modernisation structurelle et systémique. Cet article considère la mise en place initiale en Albanie de l'une des réformes, celle qui concerne l'équilibre et le rôle des stages pratiques dans les écoles. Enfin il analyse aussi les différences concernant sa mise en place dans le primaire et le secondaire. Albania es una sociedad que está sufriendo muchos cambios, al pasar de un sistema comunista caracterizado por un fuerte control centralizado, hacia un sistema democra ´tico con más autonomía institucional. Basándose en observaciones de educadores y funcionarios en Albania, este artículo examina el proceso de cambio y los tipos de reforma como la modernización tanto de las estructuras como del sistema. Este artículo trata igualmente de la ejecución de una de las reformas aquella que busca poner en práctica un equilibrio entre el papel y la experiencia de la escuela, y analiza los distintos impactos de la implementación de la reforma para la formación del docente tanto de primaria como de secundaria. Aufgrund der Umwandlung von einem stark zentralisierten, kommunistischen System in ein demokratischeres System, in dem Institutionen mehr Autonomie besitzen, finden in der albanischen Gesellschaft viele Veränderungen statt. Der Artikel stützt sich auf die Erfahrungen sowohl von Lehrausbildern als auch von Vertretern der albanischen Regierung und untersucht den Umwandlungsprozeß und die verschiedenen Reformversuche, das heißt strukturelle und systemische Modernisierung. Der Artikel befaßt sich mit dem Anfangsstadium einer der Reformen in Albanien, durch die die Länge und Bedeutung des Lehrpraktikums bestimmt werden soll. In der Analyse werden unter anderem Unterschiede in der Durchführung der Ausbildung für Grundschullehrer und Oberschullehrer aufgezeigt.  相似文献   

Long-term instructional development: A 20-year ID and implementation project     

Howard Sullivan  Kay Ice  Fred Niedermeyer 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2000,48(4):87-99

This article describes the development and implementation in the schools over a 20-year period of the Energy Source Program, a comprehensive K-12 energy education curriculum. The program was developed beginning in 1980 using state-of-the-art development procedures for that time and has been used to date by more than 12 million American students to learn about energy and energy issues. End-of-unit posttest scores for the elementary and high school units averaged above 80% for their field tests. Data obtained from a large sample during the first three years of installation of the program in the schools indicated that posttest scores remained at a level during installation similar to that during the field-test phase. A study conducted in the early 1990s by an independent research organization to assess the program's long-term effects revealed that grade 6 students who had used one or more units from the program had significantly greater energy knowledge and better energy conservation habits than students who had not used any units. A set of 10 guidelines are offered for long-term instructional development and implementation projects. He supervised the development of the Energy Source Program from 1980 to 1984 while serving as a consultant to EDS. Kay Ice was Director of Program Development at EDS, and she was a primary writer and developer of the Energy Source Program. She has been president of EDS since 1999. Fred Niedermeyer was the founding president of EDS. He was project director of the Energy Source project, and he played a major role in all aspects of the project from its inception until his retirement in 1999.  相似文献   

Creativity in Art: The feasibility of assessing current conceptions in the school context     

Donna Kay Beattie 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2000,7(2):175-192

The article reviews different views of creativity, building on the work of Czikszentmihaly. It offers a definition of creativity in terms of trait/process/product. The issue of how creativity might be assessed is explored using this definition and some illustrative examples are provided. The article concludes that creativity can and should be assessed but that this must be with an appropriate methodology. Such assessment is important not only for assessing students' work but also for evaluating curriculum content, in order to promote curriculum development in the teaching of creativity.  相似文献   

The president's message     

Kay S. White 《Performance Improvement》1980,19(10):1-1

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The savvy student's guide to online learning     

Kay S. Dennis 《Studies in Continuing Education》2014,36(3):384-385

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A DIALECTICIAN RESPONDS TO A PHILOSOPHER WHO HOLDS AN ORTHODOX VIEW OF KNOWLEDGE     

Jack Whitehead 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》1985,10(1):35-52

The purpose of this paper is to examine and reject a number of criticisms which can be made against a dialectical approach to educational knowledge by proponents of an orthodox epistemology.  相似文献   

Films on the small screen     

Frank Whitehead 《Higher Education Quarterly》1985,39(3):271-276

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