Carbohydrate gel ingestion during running in the heat on markers of gastrointestinal distress     

Jenna Sessions  Kelsey Bourbeau  Mattina Rosinski  Taylor Szczygiel  Rachael Nelson  Naveen Sharma 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):1064-1072

The purpose of this study is to measure the effects of carbohydrate ingestion during exercise in the heat by measuring markers of gastrointestinal damage and inflammation. Methods: Active subjects (n?=?7) completed two 60-min running trials in a heated environment (70% VO₂max, 30°C). At minute 20 of exercise, subjects consumed a carbohydrate gel (Cho) (27?g), or a non-carbohydrate placebo (nCho). Plasma endotoxin, I-FABP, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, and MCP-1 were measured pre-exercise, 20-min post-exercise, and again 2-h, and 4-h post-exercise. Results: Endotoxin increased 20-min post-exercise compared to pre in the Cho trial only (p?=?.03). I-FABP levels increased 20-min post-exercise in the Cho trial only compared to pre-exercise (p?=?.003). I-FABP levels were also increased in Cho trial 20-min post-exercise when compared to same time point in the nCho trial (p?=?.032). TNF-α increased 20-min post-exercise in the Cho trial only compared to pre (p?=?.03). Plasma IL-6 concentration increased 20-min post-exercise when compared to pre in both the Cho (p?=?.002) and nCho (p?=?.009), but remained elevated at the 2-h time point in the nCho trial (p?=?.03). I-FABP and several plasma cytokines (TNF-α, MCP-1, Il-6) returned to baseline sooner in the Cho trial. Conclusions: Ingestion of carbohydrate gel during exercise in the heat enhances markers of gastrointestinal wall damage.  相似文献   

Confronting the opioid crisis with consumer health information: a look at East Tennessee     

Kelsey Leonard Grabeel  Jenny C. Moore 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2021,109(1):120

  相似文献   

Are There Gender Differences in How Students Write Their Essays? An Analysis of Writing Processes     

Mo Zhang  Randy E. Bennett  Paul Deane  Peter W. van Rijn 《Educational Measurement》2019,38(2):14-26

This study compared gender groups on the processes used in writing essays in an online assessment. Middle‐school students from four grades responded to essays in two persuasive subgenres, argumentation and policy recommendation. Writing processes were inferred from four indicators extracted from students’ keystroke logs. In comparison to males, on average females not only obtained higher essay scores but differed from males in their writing processes. Females entered text more fluently, engaged in more macro and local editing, and showed less need to pause at locations associated with planning (e.g., between bursts of text, at sentence boundaries). That these differences were detected after controlling for essay scores suggests that they cannot be attributed solely to disparities in group writing skill.  相似文献   

Constructing the [parochial] global citizen     

Peta Salter  Kelsey Halbert 《Globalisation, Societies & Education》2017,15(5):694-705

Cultural exchange is privileged in many higher education programs across the globe. The Australian government’s New Colombo Plan refers to a ‘Third Wave’ of globalisation which foregrounds global interrelatedness through developing student capabilities to live, work and contribute to global communities and aims to make the global an ‘everyday’ experience for students. Mobility programs are promoted as the main strategy for fostering global perspectives, contradicting the idea of the global as an everyday experience. This paper unpacks constructs of global citizenship that underpin Australia’s recent international and global engagement policies, and implications for the ‘global’ wave in ‘local’ parochial contexts.  相似文献   

Escape acquisition following inescapable shock in the rat     

John E. Kelsey 《Learning & behavior》1977,5(1):83-92

Male rats which had received approximately 21 min of pulsed, inescapable tail shock during a 6-h session in a wheel-turn chamber were markedly deficient in acquisition of an FR 2 crossing escape response in a shuttlebox when first tested 22 or 70 h later (Experiments 1 and 2). Rats which had received identical amounts and patterns of escapable/avoidable shock, however, were not deficient (Experiment 1). Preventing wheel-turn responses during the inescapable shocks prevented the occurrence of the subsequent escape deficit, whereas reducing the feedback provided for the first crossing response of the FR 2 requirement enhanced the deficit (Experiment 3). These data can be best explained by the learned helplessness hypothesis and indicate that the types of responses available and made during the inescapable shocks are more important than previously indicated.  相似文献   

Two schemes of intellectual development: A comparison of development as defined by william perry and jean piaget     

Bruce Perry  Michael P. Donovan  Linda J. Kelsey  John Paterson  Walter Statkiewicz  Robert D. Allen 《科学教学研究杂志》1986,23(1):73-83

The theories of Jean Piaget and William Perry provide two different theories of intellectual development with several similiarities, but also with critical differences. In this study a comparison was made to determine whether the two theories describe operation of the same mental structures or two fundamentally different aspects of intellectual development. The results, based upon individual interviews of all participants, indicate that the two theories outline different and independent processes for assessing intellectual development.  相似文献   

Conditions influencing faculty voting in collective bargaining elections     

Deane G. Bornheimer 《Research in higher education》1985,22(3):291-305

This research examines the factors that influenced voting behavior in two faculty union defeats at New York University. Faculty members' and librarians' demographic and professional characteristics referred to in previous research on collective bargaining were not good predictors of how they voted in these elections. However, their satisfaction with conditions at NYU, especially satisfaction with participation in governance, was a strong predictor of how they voted. Furthermore, faculty characteristics were found to influence their satisfaction with conditions. This paper also discusses the importance of the swing votes cast in a run-off election by the members of a previously defeated third party and the influence on the election outcomes of an independent group of faculty members opposed to unionization.  相似文献   

Performance of students in grades six,nine, and twelve on five logical,spatial and formal tasks     

Michael J. Wavering  Bruce Perry  Linda J. Kelsey  Donald Birdd 《科学教学研究杂志》1986,23(4):321-333

Performance on five logical, spatial and formal tasks was used to make inferences about the reasoning structures of the subjects. The tasks used were: seriation matrix, tilt of a cone, location of a point in two and three dimensions, flexible rods and projection of shadows. Three research questions were asked: first, what is the general level of performance; second, are there grade level differences; and third, are there gender differences in task performance. The subjects were 101 middle and high school students chosen at random from the school population. Each task was given in an individual interview. Findings include grade level differences in performance and gender differences in performance on one of the tasks. Implications for classroom teachers were proposed.  相似文献   

Vagal Regulation in Breastfeeding Infants and Their Mothers          下载免费PDF全文

Kelsey M. Quigley  Ginger A. Moore  Cathi B. Propper  Barbara D. Goldman  Martha J. Cox 《Child development》2017,88(3):919-933

Consistent with the gustatory–vagal hypothesis, vagal stimulation during breastfeeding may contribute to infants' physiological regulatory development independent of caregiving effects. This study examined whether breastfeeding predicted 6‐month‐old infants' (N = 151) and their mothers' vagal regulation during the face‐to‐face still‐face (FFSF). Although breastfed and nonbreastfed infants showed expected vagal withdrawal during the Still‐Face episode, only breastfed infants showed continued withdrawal during the reunion episode, suggesting greater physiological mobilization to repair the interaction. Breastfeeding mothers showed higher vagal tone than nonbreastfeeding mothers at baseline, suggesting greater capacity for regulation, and throughout the FFSF, suggesting calmer states. Breastfeeding effects were independent of maternal sensitivity. Findings suggest that infants' and mothers' physiological regulation may be shaped by breastfeeding independently of associated social factors.  相似文献   

On the relation between automated essay scoring and modern views of the writing construct     

Paul Deane 《Assessing Writing》2013,18(1):7-24

This paper examines the construct measured by automated essay scoring (AES) systems. AES systems measure features of the text structure, linguistic structure, and conventional print form of essays; as such, the systems primarily measure text production skills. In the current state-of-the-art, AES provide little direct evidence about such matters as strength of argumentation or rhetorical effectiveness. However, since there is a relationship between ease of text production and ability to mobilize cognitive resources to address rhetorical and conceptual problems, AES systems have strong correlations with overall performance and can effectively distinguish students in a position to apply a broader writing construct from those for whom text production constitutes a significant barrier to achievement. The papers begins by defining writing as a construct and then turns to the e-rater scoring engine as an example of AES state-of-the-art construct measurement. Common criticisms of AES are defined and explicated—fundamental objections to the construct measured, methods used to measure the construct, and technical inadequacies—and a direction for future research is identified through a socio-cognitive approach to AES.  相似文献