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41.
The influence of dimensional organization on pigeon texture perception was examined in a simultaneous conditional discrimination procedure. Six experienced pigeons were reinforced for pecking at a small block oftarget elements randomly located within a larger array ofdistractor elements in each texture stimulus. Target/distractor differences in color, size, orientation, and combinations of these dimensions were examined. In Experiment 1, the influence of target/distractor similarity on performance was investigated by using different forms of unidimensional and conjunctively organized texture stimuli made of two and three dimensions. Targets infeature displays, in which the two regions consistently differed along a single dimension, were located more accurately than targets inconjunctive displays, where a combination of values from all dimensions defined each region. In Experiment 2, a tradeoff between response speed and accuracy was found in the pigeons’ processing of conjunctive displays. In Experiment 3, the number of distractors differentially influenced the localization of feature and conjunctive targets. Overall, the pigeons’ reactions to these feature and conjunctive stimuli paralleled those of humans, suggesting that functionally equivalent mechanisms may mediate the perceptual grouping, search, and discrimination of textured multidimensional stimuli in both species. 相似文献
42.
AbstractThis paper explores some important aspects of the generation of practical knowledge through later life. It is about the relationship between knowledge generation, agency and capability, developed informally through the life experiences in and through the Company of Others. It emphasises how the everyday processes of socialisation create invaluable opportunities to know how to navigate the diverse and complex changes thrown up in the journey through later life. It asks where and how knowhow is generated after workforce participation ceases and pays particular attention to ‘third places’, opportunities in the community that enable social connections beyond the first and second places, home and work, respectively. The empirical and theoretical data come from two main Australian sources amplified by new international research in cognate fields. The first is a study about Generating knowhow in later life. The second derives from insights from research for a book into the origins and nature of the now international Men’s Shed Movement. 相似文献
43.
In this paper we begin a discussion around the need for science educators to understand the relationship between cultural and socioeconomic issues and the science education of inner‐city students. We refer to the works of critical scholars in science, education, and sociology in order to help us deconstruct the relationship between sociopolitical agendas and the lack of opportunity in science education for students from lower socioeconomic inner‐city enclaves. Through our ethnographic case study of a homeless family in a major metropolitan area in the Northeast, we frame our analysis through the pedagogical questions of representation of science through culture, socioeconomic status, and “culture capital.” We use this analysis to raise questions for further research on the significance of understanding, accessing, and critiquing the “culture of power” in science education. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 37: 871–889, 2000 相似文献
44.
Drawing on data collected during the second year of a longitudinal qualitative study that followed over 10 Latino/a bilingual
students, this article foregrounds the experiences of participants during their sixth-grade year. The principle data sources
included structured and unstructured interviews with teachers and students, school observations, and weekly small-group conversations
in a courtyard outside of their classrooms. We focus on the experiences of Leila, Maricela, and Esperanza who were three of
the sixth-grade girls actively recruited by their teachers to attend the district’s magnet school program for their upcoming
seventh grade-year instead of their neighborhood middle school. We found that much of the reasoning behind their decision-making
process centered around issues of status (e.g., how the magnet school offered better academic, economic, and professional
opportunities for their future) and solidarity (e.g., attending the neighborhood school with their friends and siblings).
In conclusion, we problematize the very nature of these so-called educational ‘choices’ for bilingual Latino/a youth. 相似文献
45.
Robyn Preston Monica Gratani Kimberley Owens Poornima Roche Monika Zimanyi 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2020,45(1):109-124
AbstractWhat and how students learn depend largely on how they think they will be assessed. This study aimed to explore medical students’ perception of the value of assessment and feedback on their learning, and how this relates to their examination performance. A mixed methods research design was adopted in which a questionnaire was developed and administered to the students to gain their perceptions of assessments. Perceptions were further explored in focus group discussions. Survey findings were correlated with students’ performance data and academic coordinators’ perceptions. Students’ perceptions of the level of difficulty of different assessments mirrored their performance in examinations, with an improvement observed in clinical assessments as students progressed through their degree. Students recognised that feedback is important to allow improvements and seek more timely, better quality and personalised feedback. Academic coordinators identified that some of the students’ suggestions are more realistic than others. Students had a positive attitude towards assessment, but emphasised the need for educators to highlight the relevance of assessment to clinical practice. 相似文献
46.
Using a discussion about scientific controversy to teach central concepts in experimental design 
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下载免费PDF全文 Kimberley Ann Bennett 《Teaching Statistics》2015,37(3):71-77
Students may need explicit training in informal statistical reasoning in order to design experiments or use formal statistical tests effectively. By using scientific scandals and media misinterpretation, we can explore the need for good experimental design in an informal way. This article describes the use of a paper that reviews the measles mumps rubella vaccine and autism controversy in the UK to illustrate a number of threshold concepts underlying good study design and interpretation of scientific evidence. These include the necessity of sufficient sample size, representative and random sampling, appropriate controls and inferring causation. 相似文献
47.
The issue of limited engagement with science for young people from Indigenous, minority and lower socio-economic groups in Australia appears to have been sidelined from the mainstream debate around falling rates of engagement with science at the secondary schooling level. The ‘closing the gap’ mantra of education policy in Australia has seen an extraordinary focus on improving literacy and numeracy outcomes for Indigenous students, which, while valuable, has subsumed the importance of other key learning areas including science. Teachers are soon to be expected to incorporate Indigenous Perspectives within the science subjects of the new Australian National Curriculum yet appear to be under-resourced to meet this challenge to traditional approaches to science teaching. The purpose of this paper is to explore the pedagogy of a teacher working at an alternative secondary schooling site in North Queensland Australia who volunteered to modify his teaching of science to explicitly incorporate Indigenous Perspectives. The qualitative data collected through classroom observation and teacher interviews demonstrates the complex and multi-faceted nature of the science education experience when traditional pedagogical boundaries are dismantled to allow for a drawing upon of the lived experiences of diverse young people. The teacher’s ability to embrace this broader vision of science is linked to the inclusive culture of the alternative school environment that is brought into being through a ‘common ground’ philosophy of mutual respect and democratic relations. 相似文献
48.
Kimberley Alkins Linda Banks-Santilli Paula Elliott Nicole Guttenberg Mieko Kamii 《Equity & Excellence in Education》2013,46(1):65-73
On November 16, 1972, U. S. District Judge John H. Pratt ruled in Adams v. Richardson. Following is the complete text of the decision. 相似文献
49.
The Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, recently restructured its system for information service delivery by moving from the traditional one-desk model to a dual component model that is delivered from two service points in close proximity. Under the former system, services were solely delivered by reference librarians. The new system offers the same array of information services provided by a combination of librarians and library support staff who have received special training. The observed outcomes have been a higher quality of customer service delivery, an increased use of research consultation services, a more informed and engaged library staff, and increased opportunities for reference librarians to make campus visits. This article outlines the entire process from conception to implementation, including staff training requirements, statistical data, and future implications. 相似文献
50.
Kimberley Bugg 《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(4):428-443
ABSTRACTA diverse workforce is important to librarianship. As a result, the recruitment of librarians of color has remained a priority; additionally, ensuring that those individuals are retained and advancing is of equal importance because it speaks to the profession's ability to maintain a diverse workforce. This article explores the interrelationship between retention and advancement for academic librarians of color working as middle managers. Through the use of narrative inquiry, the author found that several commonalities emerged among participants: the prevalence of internal promotions, lack of interest in senior leadership, and participation in library leadership institutes. The findings indicate that retention and advancement are two separate and distinct issues for librarians of color working as middle managers, with retention less of a concern. The findings also suggest that the relationship between the middle manager and his or her supervisor is critical to interest in advancement. 相似文献