Functions of adolescent drinking in Finland and the Soviet Union     

Lea Pulkkinen  Anu Narusk 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1987,2(4):311-326

The present study was conducted in Finland and the USSR (Estonia) with two birth cohorts (14 and 17 years old) and their parents. The subjects, 504 in Finland and 329 in Estonia, were drawn from urban and rural areas. 85% of the Estonian and 55% of the Finnish parents returned the questionnaire. The results supported the hypothesis that adolescent drinking is an age-related behaviour aimed at active coping efforts to adopt adult-like behaviour. In both countries abstinence decreased with age, and the use of alcohol was seen as behaviour which became acceptable at an older age than the age when the actual initiation occurred. However, the use of alcohol remained occasional through the ages of 17 to 18. Adolescents’ drinking correlated strongly with their conceptions of the accepted motives for drinking which, in turn, correlated with observations of the parents’ use of alcohol. In Estonia, boys with high self-esteem were most active in adopting customary adult drinking. In Finland, drinking was typical of boys who were active in the use of leisure time, whereas abstinence, was typical of passive users of leisure time. The Finnish adolescents did not make a distinction between moderate and heavy drinking as clearly as the Estonian ones. Traditional sex differences in the use of alcohol still existed in Estonia, but Finnish girls’ drinking did not differ from Finnish or Estonian boys’ drinking. The influences of parental modelling were strongest for Finnish girls. There were few indicators of reactive coping efforts for strains from the environment, but a conflicted home atmosphere was a risk factor of the early onset of alcohol drinking.  相似文献   

Parental relationship and adolescents’ conceptions of their interaction with significant others     

Anu Narusk  Lea Pulkkinen 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1994,9(3):203-213

Three problems were investigated with a sample of 329 Estonian and 504 Finnish adolescents (aged 14 to 18 years) and their parents. In Estonia, the responses of parents were received from 85% of the families, and in Finland from 55%. The main findings for each problem were as follows: (1) The adolescent’s, especially girl’s, conceptions of the atmosphere of the parent-child interaction and satisfaction with significant others were more strongly related to the adolescent’s perceptions of a harmonious relationship between the parents than to the parent’s satisfaction with the relationship with the spouse. (2) From the point of view of the adolescent’s conception of the atmosphere of the parent-child interaction, joint activities with the parents, and satisfaction with significant others, a harmonious relationship between the parents was most favorable. Lack of the father might be less detrimental to the adolescent’s, especially girl’s, conceptions of these matters than a less harmonious relationship between the parents in intact families. (3) The findings were replicated in two countries which differed in many respects at the time of data collection in 1985–1986.  相似文献   

In memoriam     

Mathew Carey Lea 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1898,145(2):143-147

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Immediations and rhythms of speculative design: Implications for value in design-based research     

Christian Ehret  Lea Ehret  Bronwen Low  Luka Čiklovan 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2019,50(4):1603-1614

This paper presents data from the first six-months of an ongoing speculative design project in which youth and researchers co-created a videogame club, and later an eSports team, in an urban youth centre in Montréal, Québec. It describes how process philosophy informed researchers’ approach to speculative design, allowing youth and researchers to co-compose a sense of value for the club and the potentials for what they could do together through the club. This speculative process is contrasted with structuralist approaches to design-based research in education, which can overly or pre-determine value and mechanisms of social change, with or without the collaboration of youth and communities.  相似文献   

Conceptual frame for selecting individual psychotherapy in the schools     

Tammy L. Hughes  Lea A. Theodore 《Psychology in the schools》2009,46(3):218-224

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Charter schools: learning from the past, planning for the future     

Lea Hubbard  Rucheeta Kulkarni 《Journal of Educational Change》2009,10(2-3):173-189

Charter schools have garnered strong support over the past decade, however, opponents question this choice option on many grounds, including their effectiveness, accountability, equity, and sustainability. This paper addresses these concerns by synthesizing what we know from the literature on charter schools, exposing areas where evidence is lacking, conflicting or ambiguous, and assessing the overall maturation of charter school reform. To help answer the question of sustainability, we draw in part on findings from our in-progress, long-term case study of a conversion charter school. This ethnographic data reveals the existence of serious challenges for researchers and policymakers, but also provides useful guidance for the future direction of the charter school movement.  相似文献   

The Future of the Humanities in Today's Financial Markets     

David Lea 《Educational theory》2014,64(3):261-283

In this essay David Lea approaches the decline in the study and teaching of the humanities within the university context from a financial perspective. As humanities departments are either closed down or have their curriculum attenuated, it is obvious that the revenue previously available to support such programs has not been forthcoming. This change is often explained as the result of cost cutting necessary during periods of financial crisis, but this justification is belied by the fact that while the humanities have suffered during recent “financial crises,” other areas within the university have grown. Resources that could have supported the humanities have instead been applied elsewhere: first, to increasing the administration and ancillary support staff; and second, in support of subjects oriented toward technology and the market. Ultimately, Lea links the decline of the humanities to the growing financialization of the economy, the ideology of managerialism, and a contemporary tradition that accords with the “procedures of the realms of the market and of liberal individualist politics.”  相似文献   

Large-Scale Patterns of Entertainment Gratifications in Linguistic Content of U.S. Films     

Robert Joel Lewis  Matthew Grizzard  Sydne Lea  Doug Ilijev  Jin-A Choi  Lisa Müsse 《Communication Studies》2017,68(4):422-438

We count words in film subtitle files in an attempt to reveal morally relevant patterns of linguistic content. We argue that function words (e.g., pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions) should be positively associated with thought-provoking narrative forms. To test this hypothesis, we associate function words to aggregate measures of film viewership and appraisals. Results suggest that function words are negatively associated with measures of viewership but positively associated with appraisals. As such, our finding is consistent with the idea that function words are more likely to occur in narrative forms that audiences value more than they actually consume. We relate this finding to past research, which has shown the same pattern for hedonic versus meaningful entertainment gratifications. Discussion centers on implications for recent theorizing in this area.  相似文献   

Altmetrics of Papers From Scientific Periphery Reflect Global Trends: A Case Study of Publications by Zagreb University School of Medicine     

Dina Vrkić  Lea Škorić  Jelka Petrak 《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2017,43(6):479-486

This study aims to investigate the altmetric activity of papers published by the University of Zagreb School of Medicine in internationally visible journals and to identify differences in altmetric activity between the papers published in international and local journals and between those published in English and Croatian. We also investigated changes in altmetric activity over time and the characteristics of papers with the highest Twitter and Mendeley activity.The sample included 390 papers collected from the bibliographic database Scopus. Their altmetric and citation activities were measured at three time points: in July 2014, 2015, and 2016.The findings generally correspond to those observed in the large-scale studies of medical papers. Papers in renowned journals, and papers reporting clinical guidelines and multicentric studies had the most intense altmetric activity. In contrast, papers published in local, Croatian journals showed minimal altmetric activity, especially the papers published in Croatian. These results indicate that the local publishing community has not yet recognised social media as a tool for promoting research and that non-English language publications have minimal chances to receive attention, even in social media.The evaluative potential of altmetric indicators has to be further explored in a broader context.  相似文献   

Models of Self-regulated Learning: A review     

Minna Puustinen  Lea Pulkkinen 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(3):269-286

Questions connected with the regulation of one's own cognitive processes attract increasing numbers of researchers in psychology, as evidenced by the several different models of self-regulation that have been developed over the past two decades. The aim of this article was to present and compare the latest models of self-regulated learning (SRL), including those by Boekaerts, Borkowski, Pintrich, Winne and Zimmerman. The models were compared on four criteria (i.e. background theories, definitions of SRL, components included in the models and empirical work). The results show that theoretical background is an important differentiating feature. The two models that resembled each other more than any other two models (i.e. Pintrich and Zimmerman) were inspired by the same background theory (i.e. social cognitive theory). On the other hand, the models that differed most from the other models (i.e. Borkowski and Winne) were also theoretically the farthest removed ones.  相似文献