Self-efficacy and the stages of exercise behavior change.   总被引：32，自引：0，他引：32  

B H Marcus  V C Selby  R S Niaura  J S Rossi 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》1992,63(1):60-66

This study examined the application of constructs concerning stage of readiness to change and self-efficacy to exercise. We developed two scales to measure stages of change for exercise behavior. Prevalence information on a sample of 1,063 government employees and 429 hospital employees was then obtained. Next, the ability of a questionnaire measuring exercise self-efficacy to differentiate employees according to stage of readiness to change was tested. Results from both stages-of-change scales revealed that 34-39% of employees were regularly participating in physical activity. Scores on efficacy items significantly differentiated employees at most stages. Results indicated employees who had not yet begun to exercise, in contrast with those who exercised regularly, had little confidence in their ability to exercise. Continued work at understanding the stages of exercise behavior and exercise self-efficacy could yield important information for enhancing exercise adoption and adherence.  相似文献   

Evaluating multimodal relevance feedback techniques for medical image retrieval     

Dimitrios Markonis  Roger Schaer  Henning Müller 《Information Retrieval》2016,19(1-2):100-112

Medical image retrieval can assist physicians in finding information supporting their diagnosis and fulfilling information needs. Systems that allow searching for medical images need to provide tools for quick and easy navigation and query refinement as the time available for information search is often short. Relevance feedback is a powerful tool in information retrieval. This study evaluates relevance feedback techniques with regard to the content they use. A novel relevance feedback technique that uses both text and visual information of the results is proposed. The two information modalities from the image examples are fused either at the feature level using the Rocchio algorithm or at the query list fusion step using a common late fusion rule. Results using the ImageCLEF 2012 benchmark database for medical image retrieval show the potential of relevance feedback techniques in medical image retrieval. The mean average precision (mAP) is used as the evaluation metric and the proposed method outperforms commonly-used methods. The baseline without feedback reached 16 % whereas the relevance feedback with 20 images reached up to 26.35 % with three steps and when using 100 images up to 34.87 % in four steps. Most improvements occur in the first two steps of relevance feedback and then results start to become relatively flat. This might also be due to only using positive feedback as negative feeback often also improves results after more steps. The effect of relevance feedback in automatically spelling corrected and translated queries is investigated as well. Results without mistakes were better than spell-corrected results but the spelling correction more than double results over non-corrected retrieval. Multimodal relevance feedback has shown to be able to help visual medical information retrieval. Next steps include integrating semantics into relevance feedback techniques to benefit from the structured knowledge of ontologies and experimenting on the fusion of text and visual information.  相似文献   

Stopwatch,Horizontal Bar,Gymnasium: The Technologizing of Sports in the 18th and Early 19th Centuries     

Henning Eichberg 《体育哲学杂志》2013,40(1):43-59

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<Emphasis Type="Bold">Counting on the Common Good</Emphasis>     

Marcus L. Sheffield 《Academic Questions》2018,31(1):106-110

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AECT 2012: Louisville Convention Reflections     

Marcus D. Childress 《TechTrends》2013,57(2):3-3

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Black Faculty and Survival Systems     

Laurence R. Marcus  Franklin O. Smith 《Equity & Excellence in Education》2013,46(3-4):31-36

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Following Feynman’s path     

Naldal  Marcus Lee 《Metascience》2020,29(1):143-145

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Different visual stimuli affect muscle activation at the knee during sidestepping     

Marcus J.C. Lee  David G. Lloyd  Brendan S. Lay    Jacqueline A. Alderson 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(10):1123-1128

Increasing knee stability via appropriate muscle activation could reduce anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk during unplanned sidestepping. High-level athletes may activate their knee muscles differently from low-level athletes when responding to quasi-game realistic versus non game-realistic stimuli. Eleven high-level and 10 low-level soccer players responded to a non game-realistic arrow-planned condition (AP), a quasi game-realistic one-defender scenario (1DS) and two-defender scenario (2DS), and an arrow-unplanned condition (AUNP), that imposed increasing time constraints to sidestep. Activation from eight knee muscles during sidestepping was measured during pre-contact and weight-acceptance. Knee flexor-extensor co-activation ratios were established. Muscle activation levels increased by approximately 27% solely in the 1DS in both sidestepping phases. In the 2DS, the shift from a flexor dominant co-activation strategy in pre-contact toward extensor dominance in weight-acceptance commenced earlier for the high-level players. Quasi game-realistic information allowed for anticipatory increases in knee muscle activation regardless of expertise levels but only when the time demands to respond were low (1DS). High-level players were better at interpreting complex game-realistic information (2DS) to activate their knee extensors earlier in preparation for single-leg landing during weight-acceptance.  相似文献   

Elternvertreter mit Migrationshintergrund an allgemeinbildenden Schulen     

Stephan Kr?ner  Elisabeth M. Schüller  Marcus Penthin  Eva S. Fritzsche  Marcus C. G. Friedrich  Magdalena M. Krol 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2012,15(4):707-726

Parents with a migration background are underrepresented among parent representatives at schools in Germany. However, increased involvement of these parents is essential for a lively democratic culture. To explore the motivations of parents with migration background regarding their school involvement, interviews with N?=?31 parent representatives with migration background were content analysed, starting deductively from a set of categories according to the theory of planned behaviour. In the analysis, the main category ??attitude?? was deductively subdivided into ??motivation in the course of action/intrinsic value??, ??results and consequences regarding own interests?? and ??results and consequences regarding others/altruistic motivation??. ??Subjective norm?? was inductively differentiated into ??other parents??, ??teachers and leadership team?? and ??other persons/perceived general expectations??; ??perceived behavioural control?? was differentiated into the subcategories ??assertiveness and freedom from anxiety??, ??language competence??, ??socioeconomic background??, ??availability of time??, ??setting in school and school district?? and ??field expertise and know-how??. Additionally, ??habit?? was deductively established and retained as a main category. Analysis of 513 statements resulted in an interrater-agreement of ???=?0.82. Implications for working with parents in an intercultural context are discussed.  相似文献   

2012 AECT Conference Update     

Marcus Childress 《TechTrends》2011,55(6):5-7

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