Participatory design in secondary education: is it a good idea? Students’ and teachers’ opinions on its desirability and feasibility     

Karen D. Könings  Marjo J. van Zundert  Saskia Brand‐Gruwel  Jeroen J. G. van Merriënboer 《Educational studies》2007,33(4):445-465

Research has shown the importance of students’ perceptions of a learning environment and the existence of discrepancies between students’ and teachers’ perceptions. Participatory design could be a helpful strategy to reduce such discrepancies and eventually improve the design of learning environments, as it has proven to be effective to optimize design in other domains. The current study investigated the desirability and feasibility of possible use of participatory design in education. Students and teachers in secondary education were interviewed about their opinions on the idea of participatory design of a learning environment. Both students and teachers displayed predominantly positive opinions towards possibly engaging in participatory design, supporting its desirability and feasibility. Practical suggestions for implementation are included.  相似文献   

Who benefits from mastery-approach and performance-approach goals in college? Students’ social class as a moderator of the link between goals and grade     

Céline Darnon  Mickaël Jury  Cristina Aelenei 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2018,33(4):713-726

Although approach forms of achievement goals (mastery and performance goals) have been shown to predict academic achievement in college, recent research underscores that these associations are rather weak and not consistently observed. The present study tests students’ social class (in the present research, generational status) as a moderator of the relationships between both mastery-approach goals and performance-approach goals and final grade. One hundred students (45 first-generation students and 55 continuing-generation students, M _age = 18.9, SD = 1.52) answered an achievement goal scale related to one of their classes at the beginning of the year. Their final grade for this class was obtained three months later. As expected, performance-approach goals positively predicted final grade only for upper-class students, while mastery-approach goals tend to do so for lower-class students, supporting the idea that different kinds of motivation could predict students’ achievement depending on their social class.  相似文献   

Christine Woyshner and Chara Haeussler Bohan,eds. Histories of Social Studies and Race: 1865–2000. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. 244 pp. Hardcover $90.00.          下载免费PDF全文

Zoë Burkholder 《History of education quarterly》2015,55(4):519-522

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Four‐ to Six‐Year‐Old Children's Sensitivity to Reliability Versus Consensus in the Endorsement of Object Labels          下载免费PDF全文

Stéphane Bernard  Joëlle Proust  Fabrice Clément 《Child development》2015,86(4):1112-1124

Recent studies have demonstrated that young children use past reliability and consensus to endorse object labels. Until now, no study has investigated how children weigh these two cues when they are in conflict. The two experiments reported here were designed to explore whether any initial preference for information provided by a consensual group would be influenced by the group's subsequent unreliability. The results show that 4‐ and 5‐year‐old children were more likely to endorse labels provided by an unreliable but consensual group than the labels provided by a reliable dissenter. Six‐year‐olds displayed the reverse pattern. The article concludes by discussing the methodological implications of the two experiments and the developmental trajectory regarding the way children weigh consensuality versus reliability.  相似文献   

Influential structures: understanding the role of the head of department in relation to women academics’ research careers     

Noëlle Obers 《高等教育研究与发展》2015,34(6):1220-1232

This study was conducted at a small ‘research-led’ institution in South Africa. The data indicate that women produce less research than men and have low levels of professional self-esteem. Factors such as accrual of social capital, family responsibilities and self-esteem are constraints experienced by women academics in pursuing research careers. Mentoring was found to facilitate research career development and improve levels of self-esteem. Improved self-esteem enables women to promote themselves within their institutions and in the research arena. The role of the head of department with mentoring as a key function emerged as an influential structure for the career advancement of women academics. However, these leadership positions are significantly dominated by men and this appears to affect the amount and nature of mentoring women academics receive.  相似文献   

High-throughput sorting of drops in microfluidic chips using electric capacitance     

Arjen M. Pit  Ri?lle de Ruiter  Anand Kumar  Daniel Wijnperlé  Michèl H. G. Duits  Frieder Mugele 《Biomicrofluidics》2015,9(4)

We analyze a recently introduced approach for the sorting of aqueous drops with biological content immersed in oil, using a microfluidic chip that combines the functionality of electrowetting with the high throughput of two-phase flow microfluidics. In this electrostatic sorter, three co-planar electrodes covered by a thin dielectric layer are placed directly below the fluidic channel. Switching the potential of the central electrode creates an electrical guide that leads the drop to the desired outlet. The generated force, which deflects the drop, can be tuned via the voltage. The working principle is based on a contrast in conductivity between the drop and the continuous phase, which ensures successful operation even for drops of highly conductive biological media like phosphate buffered saline. Moreover, since the electric field does not penetrate the drop, its content is protected from electrical currents and Joule heating. A simple capacitive model allows quantitative prediction of the electrostatic forces exerted on drops. The maximum achievable sorting rate is determined by a competition between electrostatic and hydrodynamic forces. Sorting speeds up to 1200 per second are demonstrated for conductive drops of 160 pl in low viscosity oil.  相似文献   

The development of a method for identifying penalty kick strategies in association football     

Benjamin Noël  Philip Furley  John van der Kamp  Matt Dicks  Daniel Memmert 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(1):1-10

Penalty takers in association football adopt either a keeper-independent or a keeper-dependent strategy, with the benefits of the keeper-independent strategy presumed to be greater. Yet, despite its relevance for research and practitioners, thus far no method for identifying penalty kick strategies has been available. To develop a validated and reliable method, Experiment 1 assessed characteristics that observers should use to distinguish the two strategies. We asked participants to rate 12 characteristics of pre-recorded clips of kicks of penalty takers that used either a keeper-independent or keeper-dependent strategy. A logistic regression model identified three variables (attention to the goalkeeper, run-up fluency and kicking technique) that in combination predicted kick strategy in 92% of the penalties. We used the model in Experiment 2 to analyse prevalence and efficacy of both the strategies for penalty kicks in penalty shoot-outs during FIFA World Cups (1986–2010) and UEFA Football Championships (1984–2012). The keeper-independent strategy was used much more frequently (i.e., 78–86%) than the keeper-dependent strategy, but successes did not differ. Penalty takers should use both the strategies to be less predictable. Goalkeepers can use the developed model to improve their chances to succeed by adjusting their behaviour to penalty takers’ preferred penalty kick strategy.  相似文献   

在研药物关联专利的判别指标          下载免费PDF全文

治部真里  李颖 《情报工程》2015,1(2):021-030

日本版NIH及其制药企业,政策制定·战略规划需要佐证。本研究尝试基于新的指标体系对制药行业现状进行俯瞰与预测未来。连载第四篇,为了基于专利把握医药品产业的基础研究能力,定位与制药企业各个研发项目的进展状况【临床前实验】→【Ⅰ期临床试验】→【Ⅱ期临床试验】→【Ⅲ期临床试验】→【批准申请】→【批准】→【上市】密切相关的专利,尝试导出其新型指标。明确了作为指标,IPC分类、被引专利数、专利引用非专利文献数有效。基于专利的这些新指标,不但是通过在研药物（pipeline）,也可以通过专利把握医药品产业新药创出力以及未来新药的创出力。  相似文献   

药物创新体制中的知识流          下载免费PDF全文

治部真里  李颖  曾文 《情报工程》2015,1(4):021-031

AMED（日本版NIH）及其制药企业,政策制定与战略规划需要循证。为此,本研究尝试基于新的指标体系进行制药行业的现状俯瞰与未来预测。本篇面向与在研药物及药物密切关联的专利,针对此专利的审查官和申请人所引用的专利及文献,并着眼于被引专利的技术领域,分析贯穿专利申请过程的知识流。  相似文献   

Remedy and Remediation: The Cultural Theory of the Massey Commission     

Zoë Druick 《Review of Education, Pedagogy & Cultural Studies》2013,35(2-3):159-174

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